Bruise dating using deep learning

The bruise dating can have important medicolegal implications in family violence and violence against women cases. However, studies show that the medical specialist has 50% accuracy in classifying a bruise by age, mainly due to the variability of the images and the color of the bruise. This research proposes a model, based on deep convolutional neural networks, for bruise dating using only images, by age ranges, ranging from 0–2 days to 17–30 days, and images of healthy skin. A 2140 experimental bruise photograph dataset was constructed, for which a data capture protocol and a preprocessing procedure are proposed. Similarly, 20 classification models were trained with the Inception V3, Resnet50, MobileNet, and MnasNet architectures, where combinations of learning transfer, cross‐validation, and data augmentation were used. Numerical experiments show that classification models based on MnasNet have better results, reaching 97.00% precision and sensitivity, and 99.50% specificity, exceeding 40% precision reported in the literature. Also, it was observed that the precision of the model decreases with the age of the bruise.     

东亚合作面临的机遇与挑战

随着国际环境和东亚区域内环境的不断发展变化以及东亚各国较高的经济增长速度,近年来东亚合作展现出了前所未有的新的机遇。然而,东亚一体化进程中仍充满着很多不确定因素,在通往东亚共同体的道路上仍困难重重。东北亚各国应认清目前的国际环境和发展态势,用发展的眼光看待和解决面临的困难和问题,抓住历史机遇,东亚合作大有可为。     

War of Race? War of Culture? War of Canon?——With Reference to the Debate Between Rita Dove and Helen Vendler

November 2011 witnessed the rise of an unprecedented debate at the American poetry forum. The parties involved are the U.S. former poet laureate, African American woman poet, Rita Dove, and the most distinguished contemporary American critic Helen Vendler. The cause of the debate is the publication of The Penguin Anthology of Twentieth-Century American Poetry edited by Rita Dove. For a while, newspapers, magazines and the internet have been heated by the fires between Dove and Vendler, as well as their followers. However, underlying this sound and fury, three frequently appeared key words remind us that this debate is a unique multi-dimensional American cultural war. It is the exteriorization of the interweaving and conflicting of racism, multiculturalism and cosmopolitanism which coexist in the deep vein of American social culture and ideology.     

Segmental hair analysis for flunitrazepam and 7-aminoflunitrazepam in users: a comparison to existing literature

The availability of more quantitative data on flunitrazepam (FLU) and 7-aminoflunitrazepam (7AF) would aid in obtaining a better understanding of the interpretation of FLU concentrations in human hair. The purpose of this study was to provide concentrations of FLU and 7AF in hair segments of 22 FLU users. Quantitative data regarding hair concentrations of FLU and 7AF from various types of cases were also reviewed to give a comprehensive overview of the comparability of different studies. Three to six 1 cm segments of scalp hair from 22 FLU users were analyzed by a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method. FLU and its metabolite were confirmed in the hair segments from all cases. Concentrations of FLU and 7AF in the segments ranged from 0.01–0.16 ng/mg (median of 0.03) and 0.01–0.34 ng/mg (median of 0.09), respectively. Most cases had FLU and 7AF distributions along the hair segments that were suggestive of repeated drug use. A summary of the published concentrations gives valuable data and can assist forensic investigators in their estimations of drug use history and patterns.

Key points

• A method using LC–MS/MS to quantify flunitrazepam and its metabolite was described.
• Segmental analysis of flunitrazepam and its metabolite in human hair was reported.
• A comprehensive overview of quantitative data was given.

     

生物检材中吗啡类生物碱的LC-MS／MS分析

目的针对滥用药物分析鉴定实践中亟待解决的问题,开展LC-MS/MS分析生物检材中吗啡类生物碱的应用研究。方法满足不同的鉴定需要,分别建立血液、尿液、唾液和头发等生物检材的样品前处理方法,确定同时分析海洛因、单乙酰吗啡、吗啡、可待因、乙酰可待因、二氢可待因酮和氢吗啡酮等吗啡类生物碱的LC-MS/MS方法。将方法应用于实际案例。结果所建立的方法对吗啡类生物碱分离良好。尿液稀释法、尿液提取法和头发中吗啡的最低检测限(LOD)分别为10ng/mL、0.01ng/mL和0.01ng/mg。结论所建立的方法简便、快速、特异性强、灵敏度高。目标物中加入二氢可待因酮和氢吗啡酮扩大了方法的实用范围。     

我国开展幼儿灾害教育现状研究

2008年5·12地震给人们敲响警钟,幼儿作为最脆弱的群体更需了解灾害知识与掌握自救的技能.2009年调查表明,我国幼儿园开展灾害教育频次少、形式单一且幼儿教师有关灾害的认知水平相对偏低,应当引起有关部门的高度重视.应该加强政府对幼儿灾害教育重视的程度,提高全民防灾减灾意识,加大幼儿园灾害教育经费投入等,以扭转幼儿减灾意识薄弱的现状.     

小额信贷视角下合会的运行机制

广义小额信贷泛指为客户提供小额度、短期贷款,民间传统的合会属其中一种。狭义小额信贷是指孟加拉乡村银行小额信贷,简称GB式小额信贷。合会历史悠久,自有完整的运行原理和运行机制,发展和变化与中国社会、政治、经济环境密切相关。产生于20世纪70年代的孟加拉乡村银行小额信贷模式引入中国是在20世纪80-90年代,如何将其本土化,一直困扰小额信贷理论和实务两个领域,也影响相关制度设计。文章从小额信贷角度研究合会,探索民间金融组织运行与发展的微观机理,寻找小额信贷本土化的途径。     

建立长效机制 推进职工素质工程

中国石油大港油田物资供销公司通过制定"公司职工素质工程实施意见",坚持以打造结构合理、精干高效、具有行业竞争力的"三支人才队伍"为目标,深入推进长效机制建设,努力强化组织领导、活动载体、持续动力三大保障,有力推进了职工素质工程工作的深入开展。     

新世纪中国警方面临的七大挑战

在刚刚到来的 2 1世纪里 ,中国警方既面临着前所未有的机遇 ,也面临着空前严峻的挑战。这种挑战主要来自七个方面 :一、公安工作乘势而上的要求对现行体制的挑战 ;二、社会变革对警察政治生活角色地位的挑战 ;三、新形势下犯罪活动出现的新情况对警察队伍素质的挑战 ;四、维护社会稳定繁重任务的挑战 ;五、公安队伍建设的紧迫性对各级公安机关领导者的挑战 ;六、警务实践中新问题层出不穷对中国警察理论匮乏的挑战 ;七、现代生活的多元化对警察应对能力的挑战     

高校科研经费监管中存在的问题及对策

高校科研经费管理是高校管理的一项重要内容,科研项目经费管理的水平和程度直接制约着科研管理水平。高校科研经费管理面临着科研项目在预算初始就严格细化,预算的刚性过强,阶段性的预算调整申请无人受理,在结题审计时出现差异即被认定违规等问题,科研经费管理过程中忽视了科研活动本身具有的不确定性和不可预见性。因此,有必要构建完整系统的高校科研经费管理体系,提高科研经费的使用效率,积极推动高校科研项目实行全成本核算。