轿车与自行车碰撞事故仿真研究及骑车者致伤特点分析

目的研究计算机仿真技术重建自行车骑行状态下交通事故发生过程,并探讨此技术在分析真实事故中骑车者人体致伤方式、特点及损伤程度上的可行性。方法通过对事故人、车痕迹鉴定和模型建立,构建相关碰撞环境并利用高性能计算机及PC-Crash软件对事故进行再现研究。结果计算机仿真技术建立的人、车模型在模拟碰撞过程中,骑车者发生的运动过程、损伤分布及损伤动力学响应结果与法医学尸表检验人体损伤部位、程度基本吻合。结论利用计算机仿真技术重建自行车骑行状态下的事故碰撞过程、分析骑车者致伤方式及提供损伤部位动力学响应参数等,对于交通伤法医学鉴定及深化交通伤机制研究具有参考价值。     

骑跨伤在机动车碰撞自行车事故中的特征及生物力学分析

目的以真实案例为基础,研究自行车与机动车碰撞交通事故中,不同机动车型、交通方式等因子造成自行车骑车人下肢内侧骑跨伤的特征,分析其生物力学机制。方法选取上海地区发生的自行车与机动车碰撞交通事故案例140例,全面收集现场、自行车、机动车、人体、交通方向等信息,运用回顾性研究方法分析,同时,选取其中典型案例,通过计算机仿真技术模拟事故发生过程,提取人体各受伤部位的动力学响应数值,如加速度、力和力矩等,与案例研究结果对比。结果全部事故中出现骑跨伤与无骑跨伤案例频数相等;侧面撞击与前后方向撞击骑跨伤的发生情况无显著性差别;大型车辆撞击事故中出现骑跨伤频率较低;骑跨伤的发生频率随车速加大而增高;就骑跨伤的分布来说,撞击侧下肢骑跨伤位置低(链条、脚蹬管等损伤),而对侧骑跨伤位置高(鞍座损伤),在小型车辆撞击时该特点更明显。结论分析自行车骑车人的骑跨伤特征和生物力学机制有望对道路交通行为方式鉴定提供新依据。     

建构主义视域中的风险及其动态治理——以面粉增白剂的存废为例

风险是未来损失的可能性,具有社会建构的特征,"面粉增白剂"之争验证了建构主义风险理论。在建构主义视域中,风险治理不仅要使风险最小化,还要实现其他的政治和道德目标,并对影响风险的诸多因素进行反思。风险的动态治理,是实现制度动态效率的必然选择。它的有效性以结果为导向,合理性以未来为导向,进而需要不断学习,吸收新思想新观念,并逐步形成一种新的治理文化。     

新冠背景下以危险方法危害公共安全罪的界限

在我国刑法典中,以危险方法危害公共安全罪存在立法留白,其罪状描述缺乏明确性.而在司法实践中,此罪的触角已进入生产非食品原料、盗窃井盖、交通肇事等领域.在2020年新型冠状病毒疫情的助推下,两高、两部联合制定了《关于依法惩治妨害新型冠状病毒感染肺炎疫情防控违法犯罪的意见》,将两种情形以以危险方法危害公共安全定罪处罚,明显...     

Comparison of feature selection and data fusion of Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy for identifying watercolor ink

The identification of different kinds of watercolor inks is an important work in the field of forensic science. Four different kinds of watercolor ink Spectroscopy data fusion strategies (Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy) combined with a non-linear classification model (Extreme Learning Machine) were used to identify the brand of watercolor inks. The study chose Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling (CARS), Random Frog (RF), Variable Combination Population Analysis-Genetic Algorithm (VCPA-GA), and Variable Combination Population Analysis-Iteratively Retains Informative Variables (VCPA-IRIV) to extract characteristic variables for mid-level data fusion. The Cuckoo Search (CS) algorithm is used to optimize the extreme learning machine classification model. The results showed that the classification capacity of the mid-level fusion spectra model was more satisfactory than that of single Infrared spectroscopy or Raman spectroscopy. The CS-ELM models based on infrared spectroscopy used to recognize the watercolor ink according to brands (ZHENCAI, DELI, CHENGUANG, and STAEDTLER) obtained an accuracy of 66.67% in the test set using all spectral datasets. The accuracy of CS-ELM models based on Raman spectroscopy was 67.39%. The characteristic wavelength selection algorithms effectively improved the accuracy of the CS-ELM models. The classification accuracy of the mid-level spectroscopy fusion model combined with the VCPA-IRIV algorithm was 100%. The data fusion method increased effectively spectral information. The method could satisfactorily identify different brands of watercolor inks and support the preservation of artifacts, paintings, and forensic document examination.     

论政府购买公共服务的保证责任

政府购买公共服务是公私协力的表现,是担保国家理论在行政法中的具体化。透过担保国家理论、公私协力背景分析政府购买公共服务的行政法属性,政府保证责任作为政府购买公共服务的责任转型,有其宪法渊源与民事责任阙如的现实需求。基于保障社会公众以合理的价格持续、均等地获得质高价优的公共服务之目的,政府保证责任可以类型化为监督责任、管制责任、接管责任,其内容体现为保证有限竞争、质量与价格供给、持续与均等供给以及公共服务的信息公开与公众参与。可以通过行政规制、契约治理及信用监管等措施,促进政府保证责任的最终实现。     

我国公益慈善研究知识图谱(1998—2017)——基于CNKI数据库的文献计量分析

以中国学术期刊网络出版总库(CNKI)为数据源,运用CiteSpace软件对1998-2017年我国公益慈善研究领域的7909篇中文核心期刊文献进行文本计量分析。研究发现,我国公益慈善研究经历了缓慢增长、迅速增长和波动下降三个时期,依据关键词进行聚类可以将我国公益慈善研究划分为国家与社会关系、慈善事业发展、志愿服务与志愿精神、社会组织监管、社会组织培育与发展五大研究领域。当前,我国公益慈善研究存在研究力量分布不均衡、机构间横向合作较少、单个作者发文量集中度低、期刊影响力权威性不足等问题。公益慈善事业的新趋势和新发展、社会创新视野下的公益慈善实践、地方政府公益慈善政策三个方向值得在未来研究中重点关注。     

Go Ahead Steadily and Avoid Eagerness

If China’s strategic planning is analyzed as a movement from goals to actions,it becomes possible to see whether short-term goals that lead to large results may not be best long-term.Strategic planning consists of three key factors,first to set up correct goals,second to evaluate the situation precisely,and third to act correctly.Evaluation,the second step,assesses advantages and disadvantages in the process toward strategic decision-making.The third step,creating the correct strategy,policies and guidelines,will mandate actions in accord with a well-organized format.To use short-hand,the three are:what we want to do,what we can do,and how we can do it.During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,Mao     

CONSENSUS ON HEALTH

正Synergy is needed for both Belt and Road partners and the world As part of a coordinated response to lessen the impact of COVID-19, a passport scheme could be implemented to promote collaboration among countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative. Valerio De Molli, Managing Partner and CEO of The European House-Ambrosetti,