肋软骨及牙髓细胞DNA含量与PMI的相关性

目的探讨人死后肋软骨及牙髓细胞平均DNA含量与死亡时间(PMI)的相关性,寻求推断PMI的新方法。方法应用细胞图像分析技术分析高温(30～35℃)及低温(15～20℃)环境下人死后0～15d两种组织细胞平均DNA含量的降解情况。结果两种组织细胞平均DNA含量随死后时间的延长而逐步降解,其中低温组牙髓细胞平均DNA含量的降解在死后0～4d内有一个降解平台期。统计分析两组温度下两种组织细胞平均DNA含量与PMI有显著的负相关性(P<0.01)。结论依据两种组织细胞平均DNA含量的降解可进行PMI推断。     

Corporate Governance: Towards a Theory of Regulatory Shift

Providing effective corporate governance regulation and controls is a contemporary challenge to all law makers. There exists a need to restore investor confidence while seeking to facilitate and encourage enterprise. This paper reflects on the traditional choice between shareholder versus stakeholder models of corporate governance and suggests that these are inappropriate in the light of emerging news theories of the firm. Instead this paper suggests that law makers should accommodate a shift away from the traditional paradigms of these models in favour of a processual approach of governance. This would require a recognition of the tensions that exist in the regulation of corporate governance and invite the application of a collibratory process to the control of governance. The development and reform of directors’ duties and liabilities, in the UK, is provided as an illustration of the need for the recognised application of a collibratory process. Within that we also consider the application of the economists concept of ‘rent-seeking’ and the conflict between private property rights and public interference.JEL M14, D72, K22, K33     

社区教育及其作为——基于社会学视角对社区建设的思考

近二十年来,中国居民生活形态最大的变化无疑是从单位制到社区制的转型.从社会学来看,社区的要素包括(1)有一定的地理区域;(2)有一定数量的人口;(3)社区成员之间有着较密切的社会交往;(4)社区成员有共同的利益和意识.因此,社区建设的重点应落在社区交往与社区认同问题上.社区教育因其着力于社区集体意识的塑造,在现代社区建设中应具有积极的作为.目前,我们应该大力鼓励居民小区的"草根"社区教育形式,这种形式有望成为当前中国社会建设的起点和可行途径.     

“软警力”视域下的当代和谐警媒关系构建价值研究

当今社会警察与媒体之间有着不可分割的信息关系,两者有着趋同的价值取向和共同的社会责任需求,因此构建和谐警媒关系式提升"软警力"的重要途径。这其中包括提高警察形象的感召力、扩大警察的执法公信力、扩大警察文化的影响力和提升警察制度的吸引力等。     

整体性治理与农民工子女的社会融入

农民工随迁子女实际上是城市第二代移民,他们能否融入城市社会是公共管理的重大议题,但当前政府应对这一问题的举措过于碎片化。本文系统地分析了农民工子女融入城市社会的主要障碍,并基于整体性治理的思路,提出具有可操作性的政策建议:首先,必须建立跨部门合作的机制和平台;其次,帮助农民工子女克服升学和就业瓶颈;再次,要积极鼓励社会组织参与合作治理,为农民工子女提供教育和社会服务;第四,少先队、共青团组织应当加强对农民工子女的关怀和吸纳;最后,以社区和学校为主要平台促进农民工子女社会融合。     

新型农村社会养老保险政策评估——基于土地流转制度背景下的研究

面对人口老龄化加剧、劳动力乡城流动、土地流转加速、土地养老功能弱化、农村养老需求增长的严峻局势和新农保试点扩面迅速推进的整体性战略规划,以公共政策评估和政策外部性理论为基础,从政策执行主体、政策服务对象的双重视角评估土地流转制度背景下新型农村社会养老保险政策执行状况和实施效果,通过对东、中、西部新农保试点地区的实态调查,分别获取基层政府工作人员、新农保经办机构人员、农村常住居民三类群体共2779份有效问卷,综合运用描述性统计和通径分析方法,进一步探寻改善政策效果的有效路径。研究结果表明:政府一定程度存在职能缺位、越位,立法、财政、监管责任缺失等问题,而广大农民未能将土地流转潜在养老保障功能与新农保统筹考量,使政策难以达到预期目标,可通过发挥政府主导作用、增强农民土地流转意识、提升经办机构服务能力、有效整合养老政策等具体对策,进一步促进土地流转、提高新农保参保意愿、改善政策执行与实施效果。     

公法不当得利及其救济

随着给付行政的兴起,公法实践中出现了因欠缺法律原因而发生的财产变动。在适用民法不当得利制度无法解决的情况下,基于依法行政以及财产权保护的需要,应确立公法不当得利制度。在公法不当得利中,行政主体和行政相对人均可享有公法不当得利返还请求权,而此种请求权则可以通过做出行政行为以及提起行政给付诉讼的形式加以救济。     

烟草管制与公民权利的包容与界分

毋庸置疑,对已沦为习俗的吸烟行为予以管制,必然会滋生侵犯公民权利方面之不妥,一般而言,其表现为与吸烟者行为自由权、烟商言论自由权、以及吸烟者与企业主财产权三方面存有冲突。我们经由对自由权本质属性的剖析可以明确,有碍他人健康之吸烟行为非属行为自由其类;同时,亦并非所有烟草宣传皆可归属言论自由权范畴,在烟控制度结构中,我们理应对烟草宣传保持"尊重与戒惧"的基本态度。另外,限制购买以及征收烟草税所造成的财产限制,事实上和一般意义上的财产权侵犯亦是有所差别的,购买香烟是一种特殊的财产支配情形,对其予以限制并不违背法经济学上的资源配置法则。最后,对企业主而言,单纯的获利机会、商业利益、赢利预估或期待并非属于财产权的保障范围。     

Experimental study of the expansion dynamic of 9 mm Parabellum hollow point projectiles in ballistic gelatin

We study in this paper the expanding behaviour of hollow point 9 mm Parabellum projectiles (Hornady XTP(?) and Speer Gold Dot(?)). We defined a deformation rate that takes into account both the diameter increase and the length reduction. We plotted the behaviour of this parameter versus impact velocity (we refer to this curve as the expanding law). This expanding law has been plotted for different gelatin weight ratios and different gelatin block lengths. We completed our experiments with a set of high speed movies in order to correlate the deceleration to the state of expansion and size of the temporary cavity. Our results pointed out that full expansion is reached shortly after the projectile fully penetrates the gelatin. This result shows that the key point to accurately simulate human body interaction with a hollow point projectile is to accurately simulate the interface (skin, skull, clothes thoracic walls). Simulating accurately organs is only an issue if a quantitative comparison between penetration depths is required, but not if we only focus on the state of expansion of the projectile. By varying the gelatin parameters, we discovered that the expanding law exhibits a velocity threshold below which no expansion occurs, followed by a rather linear curve. The parameters of that expanding law (velocity threshold and line slope) vary with the gelatin parameters, but our quantitative results demonstrate that these parameters are not extremely critical. Finally, our experiments demonstrate that the knowledge of the expansion law can be a useful tool to investigate a gunshot in a human body with a semi-jacketed projectile, giving an estimation of the impact velocity and thus the shooting distance.