A preliminary immunohistochemical study of fibronectin in viral myocarditis

For postmortem diagnosis of viral myocarditis, 12 specimens of heart in autopsy were studied immunohistochemically with anti-fibronectin(FN) antibody. Among 5 cases with definite or suspected myocarditis, intensive FN-positive could be found in all monocytes, macrophages and some neutrophils and there were 3 cases with FN-positive cardiomyocytes. While in 3 violent death cases with leucocytes infiltration in the interstitial tissue of myocardia, no FN-positive cardiomocytes were observed, which was the same as that of 4 case without cardiac pathological changes. Moreover, there were rarely FN-positive leucocytes in the 7 cases without viral myocarditis. The results suggest that the immunohistochemical observation of FN in myocardia might be of value for detecting slight degeneration of cardiomyocytes and determining the inflammatory leucocyte infiltration in myocarditis.     

Research of the extraction method of morphine from biological fluids

A solid-phase extraction method of morphine from urine and blood has introduced. The effect of 5 SPE columns, 3 eluents and pH on morphine recovery has been investigated systematically. Derivative GC was used as a method of detection. The result showed that the column and the eluent of such as GDX-301, GDX-403 and C18 chloroform:isopropanol (9:1) had good behaviors to extraction of morphine. When GDX-301 was used as a sorbent, the recovery of morphine from urine was above 90% at pH 9, then went down with the increase of pH. While the recovery from blood was growing with the increase of pH, which reached above 90% in strong alkaline. The extraction method is simple, inexpensive, efficient and reproducible, which provides an effective and practical method to extract morphine and similar illicit drugs from biological fluids.     

急性心肌缺血再灌FOS免疫组织化学实验研究

探寻FOS蛋白在心肌早期缺血再灌流损伤中变化规律,为心性猝死的诊断提供新方法。利用SD大鼠建立心肌缺血再灌流损伤模型,设立正常、缺血对照组与缺血再灌组。心脏标本经HE染色及免疫级化观察。结果发现,在冷冻切片上缺血20min再灌流30min,再灌流区心肌细胞核呈阳性着色。但在石蜡切片上,缺血30min再灌流30min后,再灌流区才有心肌细胞核（37．76％±9．66％）呈弱阳性着色,再灌流60min后核呈棕褐色阳性染色,120min后开始减弱（35.36％±3.16％）。正常和单纯缺血组心肌细胞核未见有阳性反应。HE染色无明显病理改变。结果提示,SABC－FOS免疫组织化学方法最早可揭示心肌缺血20min再灌流30min的损伤,FOS蛋白在再灌流后60－120min之间可能有一个高峰表达。此法对显示实验性心肌早期缺血再灌流损伤有重要的价值。有望用于心性猝死的诊断。     

甲醛固定及石蜡包埋组织的DNA分型及其应用

目的：建立甲醛固定及石蜡包埋组织ＤＮＡ的基因分型方法并使之应用于实际检案。方法：用Ｃｈｅｌｅｘ和有机溶剂提取法提取ＤＮＡ,以ＰＣＲ与反向探针杂交技术作ＰＭ和ＨＬＡ－ＤＱＡ１位点分型。结果：２６份包埋组织块有２４份能得到理想的分型结果。结论：本法可用于法医学个人识别和亲子鉴定     

肾上腺结核猝死的法医学鉴定

通过两例肾上腺结核猝死的案例观察发现：肾上腺和肾上腺以外器官的结核病变均表现为不典型的慢性陈旧性的病理学特征。提示在法医学鉴定中,对患过结核病和“不明死因”猝死尸体剖验时肾上腺的组织病理学检验尤为重要     

Public Attitudes toward Auxiliary Police in China: a Preliminary Investigation

Despite their colossal size and importance in policing, China’s auxiliary police forces have garnered very little research attention. This study attempts to fill our knowledge gap by first describing key features that distinguish the auxiliary police from the regular police in China and their counterparts in Western societies, followed by an empirical investigation of public attitudes toward the auxiliary police in China. Based on survey data collected from a coastal city in China, we reported the general patterns of people’s evaluations of auxiliary officers and assessed whether variables representing institutional trust, media exposure, and neighborhood context are predictive of Chinese attitudes toward the auxiliary police. We found that Chinese citizens rated their local auxiliary officers very positively. Trust in the government and police and known negative reports about the auxiliary police are linked to Chinese’ global satisfaction with the auxiliary police. Trust in the police, exposure to and belief in negative media reports about the auxiliary police, and perception of neighborhood collective efficacy are associated with people’s specific attitudes toward auxiliary officers. Implications for future research and policy are discussed.

     

Correction to: Establishing Trust in the Illegal Wildlife Trade in China

Asian Journal of Criminology - The funding information provided at the Acknowledgement section in the original article is inaccurate.     

A global and historical exploration: Legislative reform in Muslim family laws in Muslim-majority versus Muslim-minority countries

Thirty-five Muslim-majority and 18 Muslim-minority countries formally integrate Muslim Family Laws (MFLs) into their legal systems and enforce them through state courts. Both Muslim-majority and Muslim-minority governments have undertaken legislative reforms to alleviate the effects of religious laws on fundamental human rights, increase accountability and accessibility, and strengthen the rule of law within their MFL systems. Extant literature is silent on whether MFLs are more reformed or more human rights and the rule of law compliant in Muslim-majority or Muslim-minority countries. Utilizing a novel methodological tool, the MFL Index, this exploratory article surveys cross-national and historical trends in MFL reform (1946–2016). It shows that Muslim-majority and -minority governments have opted for different forms of legislative reform. Muslim-majority countries favored substantive reform, while Muslim-minority states prioritized exit reforms. The type and extent of reform were strongly associated with colonial heritage, secularism, women's activism, ethnoreligious diversity, and prevailing multicultural arrangements. These findings have implications for studying multicultural theory, human/women's rights, and democratization in the Muslim world and beyond.     

A Chinese View of China's Energy Security

This article attempts to examine how China perceives its energy security issues. A survey of its research on energy issues offers hints on how experts influence the Chinese leadership. This article briefly looks at the assessment of the energy situation in China and the policy programmes released to tackle the problems. It then analyses the policy programmes and evaluates the overall strategy. It mainly relies on published data from China to reflect a Chinese view. China in some ways would like to follow Japan's example in response to the international oil crises in the 1970s, i.e. upgrade its industrial structure, introduce energy conservation measures, develop new sources of energy supply, and engage in an ‘energy diplomacy’ to diversify and guarantee its energy supply.     

Blunt pancreatic trauma by a wheelchair user restraint system during a traffic accident.

Traffic accidents are the most common cause of blunt pancreatic trauma, and most injuries occur in unrestrained drivers. Blunt pancreatic trauma in a passenger or a restrained driver is rare. In this report, we describe a case of blunt pancreatic trauma caused by a restraint system for wheelchair users during a traffic accident.