董事忠实义务及其扩张

董事忠实义务在本质上是董事信义义务,与勤勉义务并列,成为约束董事行为的法定机制。董事忠实和勤勉义务均建立在公司与董事之间的信义关系基础上,均以维护公司整体利益为宗旨,但规制重点不同。忠实义务主要规范董事与公司之间利益冲突关系,勤勉义务旨在推动董事发挥聪明才智,两者共同成为评价董事履职的主要标准。忠实义务与民法中禁止自己代理和双方代理的规则之间关系密切,但在制度功能和义务要素上仍有重大差别,不能彼此替代或混为一谈。随着现代社会中公司交易复杂化以及公司集团现象普遍化,规制公司与董事利益冲突的公司法规则正在从“绝对禁止”向“禁止缓和”发展,忠实义务主体则已适度扩张至控股或主要股东,成为补充调整股东与公司关系的特殊机制。     

China and Competing Cooperation in Asia-Pacific: TPP,RCEP, and the New Silk Road

Abstract

A big question looming large over policy and theory in Asian security is how China will use its newfound wealth and power in the region and with what consequences. The United States has concluded the negotiation of Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP); ASEAN has promoted the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). Both frameworks seek to shape China’s regional behavior and manage rising China. In late 2013, China inaugurated the new Silk Road initiative, which has rapidly gained momentum in the country and among China’s neighbors. American public and policy makers, however, are largely unaware or baffled by the new Silk Road. The article, based on field surveys and extensive documentary analysis, provides the first roadmap on how China views TPP, RCEP, and the new Silk Road. It offers important exploration of how China acts and reacts to regional contestation and what are implications for the region.     

Highly Sensitive Detection of Blood by Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering,,

Raman spectroscopy for forensic body fluid analysis has received some attention due to the nondestructive nature and potential application for identification at the crime scene; however, its usage has been limited by low detection sensitivity. Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was evaluated for blood identification for forensic applications. Specifically, a SERS‐active substrate was fabricated, composed of nickel nanotips coated with Ag nanoparticles. Compared with a conventional substrate, the SERS substrate enhanced Raman scattering by more than two orders of magnitude and allowed blood to be identified to a dilution of 1:100,000. Blood was also successfully detected by swabbing the SERS substrate directly on mock evidence. Most importantly, Raman spectra obtained by swabbing the SERS substrate on blood stains were free of luminescence even when blood was deposited on luminescent fabrics. The nondestructive character, simplicity of sample preparation, and high sensitivity make SERS a prime candidate for field and laboratory‐based blood identification.     

刑法中的“食品”概念辨析

我国食品安全法中的食品定义尚不完善。刑法中的"食品"概念亦应当按照食品安全法的规定进行理解,并根据立法目的对其进行扩大解释。因此,食用农产品、食品添加剂、保健食品都属于刑事法律中的食品范围,但保健食品并不等于"既是食品又是药品的物品"。关于"毒胶囊"引发的刑法定性问题则应当依照具体情况区别对待。     

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ＂MODERNITY AND CHINESE LEGAL CULTURE＂ HELD AT RENMIN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA LAW SCHOOL

The legal reform of the late Qing Dynasty that took place more than one hundred years ago has usually been considered as the starting point of the transformation and modernization of Chinese legal culture. Following that, both the Republic of China＇s legal system, and the Chinese legal system drawing on Western experience since the opening-up, have been （to a large extent） developed by the purpose of pursuing modemity. Hence, the relationship between modernity and Chinese legal culture is the crucial point in understanding the development of Chinese legal system in modem times, and also a point in comprehending the ongoing legal system construction in a global perspective.     

从德育角度探讨大学生在虚拟社会的亲社会行为

亲社会行为由那些对行为者无明显利益,但对接受者有益的反应组成。对大学生而言,亲社会行为更多地发生在虚拟社会中。影响大学生在虚拟社会的亲社会行为的因素,从个人角度看有认知、情绪和价值观,从环境角度看主要包括虚拟社群、大众传媒和网络规范。提高大学生在虚拟社会的亲社会行为水平,需要学校、家庭、社会共同努力,针对影响亲社会行为的因素制定德育对策。     

社会转型期与司法工作

中国社会处于快速转型时期,社会结构发生了深刻的变化,然而,囿于传统社会长期形成的思维习惯和行为方式的影响,无论普通社会成员,还是司法工作者的观念都不能完全与变化的形势相适应,司法工作的发展显得相对滞后。随着转型期人的素质的提高、人的权利意识以及法治观念的增强,传统的司法工作方法已不能适应社会发展的需要,社会对司法工作产生了新的需求,由此,司法工作必须适应社会发展做出相应转变。     

论新世纪中国共产党统一战线的特点

统一战线历来是中国共产党的总路线、总政策的重要组成部分,在我们党波澜壮阔的八十多年奋斗历程中,统一战线始 终是我们党夺取革命和建设胜利的一大法宝,只是在不同的历史时期,统一战线体现的特点有不同的内涵。进入新世纪,统一战线将 呈现出团结的广泛性、地位与作用的重要性、任务的艰巨性、形势的复杂性等特点。     

住宅抵押贷款证券化的风险生成与风险管理

住宅抵押贷款证券化的风险主要表现在三个方面:一是债券的偿付风险,二是SPV的资产购买风险,三是SPV的财务风险。应当采取有效的措施,加强住宅抵押货款证券化的风险管理。     

Fas-L在大鼠脑液压冲击伤后的表达

目的为探讨轻型闭合性颅脑损伤的病理诊断及损伤时间推断依据。方法通过建立大鼠脑液压冲击伤模型,用免疫组化染色方法与图像分析技术分别检测大鼠轻型闭合性颅脑损伤后15,30min,1,3,6,12h,1,4,7,14d以及正常对照组与手术对照组大鼠大脑皮质、丘脑、海马等部位Fas-L的表达。结果发现伤后1hFas-L开始在大脑皮质及海马出现表达,随时间增加表达逐渐增强,伤后3hFas-L表达显著增加,伤后12h达高峰,损伤4d后Fas-L表达逐渐减弱,14d基本恢复正常。本研究证明,Fas-L介导的细胞凋亡不仅出现于脑损伤邻近,在远离损伤部位的脑组织亦有Fas-L介导的细胞凋亡发生。结论Fas-L表达可望为轻型闭合性颅脑损伤早期诊断提供依据;根据Fas-L阳性表达的变化规律可作为脑损伤时间推测的指标之一。