美国军事力量进入中亚及其影响

由于中亚地区所处的独特地理位置和政治地缘环境,世界范围内的突发事件、大国关系变化、战略力量格局重组乃至能源供需关系调整等重大因素的消长,都会对中亚地区的安全形势和政局走向产生深刻的影响."9·11"事件之后,美国在阿富汗采取军事行动,并借打击恐怖主义的名义,向乌兹别克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦和塔吉克斯坦等国派遣军队.尽管美国一再表示,它对中亚地区并无军事上的兴趣,并承诺反恐怖主义军事行动结束后一定撤离,但目前美国军事力量进入中亚地区已是不争的事实,有待进一步观察的只是存在的方式和规模的问题.这一事实本身已对中亚地区原有的战略平衡构成了几近于直接的冲击,使苏联解体以来形成的地区大国影响格局被打破,并将对中亚各国社会政治体制和经济发展模式产生长期的影响.     

试论高等院校推行学分制的思考

学分制是一个符合现代教育发展趋势,有利学生个性发展和综合素质全面提高的教学管理制度,它的实施和完善是一个长期的过程。一方面要看到学分制作为一种管理手段所具有的优越性和条件约束性,慎重推进;另一方面要创造条件,在调查研究的基础上,努力探索切合国情校情的、能促进教学质量不断提高的教学管理制度,不断完善学分制。     

青少年犯罪现状原因及预防对策

近年来,青少年犯罪呈上升趋势,笔者根据司法实践遇到的大量青少年犯罪的案例,分析青少年犯罪的现状、原因以及预防对策。     

程序的多重视角

程序是法学(法律)的一个独立范畴。由于语境不同,中西方对“程序”的理解有较大的差异,国内学者对法律程序进行解释时存在误读现象。完整地认识程序,需要完整的观察视角。只有从人权、法治、民主和经济等多元视角来诠释法律程序的价值和功能,才可能较完整地认识实体权利和程序权利的相互关系。     

"国家尊重和保障人权"之法律关系解读

从法律关系的视角,探析我国《宪法(修正案)》"国家尊重和保障人权"这一条款的法理意蕴,应当强调公民是人权关系的权利主体,而国家则是尊重和保障人权的义务主体。国家在尊重和保障人权中担当义务主体有其历史必然性和现实必要性,同时要正确理解国家概念及其变化、国家和个人的关系。人权主体具有普遍性和多样性,人权主体的普遍性关涉权利平等问题,个人人权、集体人权和群体人权的性质各不相同。人权的分类既有传统的分类理论,也出现了新的分类方法,国家尊重人权的义务和保障人权的义务是两种内涵不同的义务。     

Validation studies of the ParaDNA® Intelligence System with artificial evidence items

Short tandem repeat (STR) profiling is one of the mostly used systems for forensic applications. In certain circumstances, STR profiling is time-consuming and costly, which potentially leads to delays in criminal investigations. LGC (Laboratory of the Government Chemist, UK) Forensics has developed a robust STR profiling platform called the ParaDNA^® Intelligence Test System which can provide early tactical intelligence and aid investigators in making informed decisions on sample prioritization for detection. Here, we validated the ParaDNA intelligence test for its application in forensic cases using a range of mock evidence items following guidelines set by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM). Specifically, we tested the sensitivity and accuracy of the ParaDNA intelligence test, as well as the success rates for detecting mock samples and for use in case scenarios. Our findings demonstrate that the ParaDNA intelligence test generates useful DNA profiles, especially for samples such as blood, saliva, and semen that contain ample DNA, indicating the benefits of including ParaDNA as a prior step in forensic STR profiling pipelines.     

China’s ten years in the wto: its performance and new challenges

Becoming a member of the WTO in 2001 was a historic event of great significance during the process of China’s reform and opening up. Since then, China has steadily pushed forward the reform and opening up policy, proactively seizing the opportunities of economic globalization and positively utilizing the multilateral trading system to develop economic and trade relations with other countries, all of which have contributed to the great economic and social achievements during the first decade of 21st century. However, there are different opinions on China’s futuristic role in the WTO, and those disagreements resulting from various interest preferences are not only one-sided and limited, but also triggering off the discussions on the criteria to assess China’s performance in the WTO. This article argues that China’s activities in the WTO (i.e., implementing WTO commitments, participating in the Doha Round negotiation, the dispute settlement and trade policy review) should be a kind of assessment criteria. Based on comprehensive observation of China’s performance in the WTO, it is concluded in this article that China’s participation in the WTO system and global trade governance extends the scope of world trade law, improves its effectiveness, constitutes China’s new contributions to implement treaty obligations in good faith, resolves peacefully international trade disputes, and maintains substantively the international rule of law. At the same time, it has not only caused new driving forces for international trading system, but also made China face new challenges in the WTO.     

韩国中长期经济发展战略评析

在近年来经济发展停滞不前的困境下,韩国制定了五到十年的中长期经济发展战略,旨在重振韩国经济活力,为2010年到2025年的长期经济发展打下基础.本文介绍了韩国这一战略的出台背景及主要内容,并对影响战略实现的因素做了进一步分析,同时指出韩国实施中长期发展战略的措施选择.主要观点是,韩国中长期经济发展战略的实现将依赖于其经济增长模式、韩国企业与产业发展方式的转变以及东北亚中心地位是否形成等多种因素的共同作用.未来五到十年将是韩国经济重新恢复活力的关键阶段.     

有关调解法制定的若干问题（下）

(接上期)2.以人民调解法统合各种类型民间社会性调解的方案。这一方案是司法部目前正在论证的人民调解法的基本倾向。其要点是:首先,考虑到司法部的权限和立法提案与起草中的实际问题,既不试图通过制定综合性的调解法建构多元化的调解或纠纷解决机制,也不准备拘泥于目前人民调解的制度框架。其目标是通过这一立法,在提高人民调解法律地位的同时,扩展其管辖范围和权限,最终将一切非司法、非行政性的调解都纳入“人民调解”的范畴。其次,这一方案将突破原有人民调解以地域性自治性为基点的定位,试图将业已存在的各类符合民间调解特点的跨地区…     

建立我国不动产物权变动法定公证制度的法理思考

当前,《中华人民共和国公证法》已经颁布,根据该法第十条的规定,法定公证制度在我国已经确立。与此同时与《公证法》内在关联性最强的《物权法》目前我国也正在抓紧制定,然而从已发布的《物权法(草案)》的情况看,在物权法制定过程中,对公证制度在我国物权法律制度中应有的作用认识不足,对不动产物权变动过程中引入法定公证制度采取了不应有的漠视和回避态度,而这一切正成为实现我国物权制度立法目标的重大隐患,笔者由此试对建立我国不动物权变动法定公证制度相关应然性问题作如下分析。一、法定公证制度是不动产物权变动过程的内在需要物权…