American Grand Strategy after Iraq

To the extent that a grand strategy can be discerned in the first year of the Obama Administration, its defining features are not a break from the past but continuity. As the President himself has analogized since taking office, crafting grand strategy is like parallel parking. He has only been able to make changes to grand strategy around the margins since a number of existing commitments limit his freedom of action. This article first identifies the structural determinants of grand strategy, pointing to the international distribution of power, American bureaucracy, and public as the key sources of strategic constraint and opportunity. It then shows how shifts in these factors—comparatively less U.S. power, an overstretched military organized around counterinsurgency operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, and an American public weary from an aggressive grand strategy—produced a shift in grand strategy that predated the 2008 election and that remains consistent with the current strategic setting. It is for these reasons that the 2008 “change” election has produced considerable continuity in American grand strategy.     

Chelex-100提取生物检材DNA实时PCR定量研究

目的研究Chelex-100法提取的生物检材DNA用量与复合STR分型成功率的关系。方法113份各种生物检材采用Chelex-100法提取DNA，应用Quantifiler人类DNA定量试剂盒在ABI 7500荧光定量PCR仪上进行实时PCR定量，同时用Identifiler复合扩增系统在ABI 3100遗传分析仪上对这些DNA样品进行STR分型。结果各种生物检材提取的DNA浓度分别为：37份滤纸、纱布血痕0．042～5．28ng／μl，16份口腔拭子1．15—4．21ng／μl，18份烟头0．016～1．46ng／μl，10份肋软骨0．531—14．40ng／μl，8份肌肉5．75—24．80ng／μl，7份指甲0．788—11．50ng／μl，17份精斑0．79～99．50ng／μl。在建立的8μl扩增体系中，根据上述结果，调整用于复合STR扩增的DNA模板量在0．5—3ng之间，大部分样品可获得完全的STR分型。结论Chelex-100法提取的检材DNA模板用量在0．5—3ng之间可得到有效STR扩增，浓度为0．5ng／μl以上的DNA样品，用小体积模板（1μl）比大体积（3μl）模板扩增效果好。     

从我国消费者运动主题看消费者权益维护

我国开展有主题的消费者运动十年有余,它对消费者权益的维护起到了十分积极的作用。针对目前消费者权益维护现状,我国仍然需要进一步开展消费者运动,完善法律保护制度,强化社会监督,推广消费者教育。     

Dissent and Strategic Leadership of the Military Professions

One of the central difficulties to a right understanding of American civil-military relations is the nature of the U.S. military. Are our armed forces just obedient bureaucracies like most of the Executive branch, or are they vocational professions granted significant autonomy and a unique role in these relationships because of their expert knowledge and their expertise to apply it in the defense of America? To a large measure, the answer to this question should determine the behavior of the strategic leaders of these professions, including the uncommon behavior of public dissent. Using the “Revolt of the Generals” in 2006 as stimulus, the author develops from the study of military professions the critical trust relationships that should have informed their individual decisions to dissent. After doing so, he makes recommendations for the restoration of the professions’ ethic in this critical area of behavior by the senior Officers who are the professions’ strategic leaders.     

老挝人民革命党“五大”对社会主义的认识与实践

1991年3月27～29日,老挝人民革命党(以下简称老党)第五次代表大会在老挝首都万象隆重召开,这是老党全面推行革新开放政策后的第一次代表大会.此时,西方资本主义国家正利用老挝实行革新开放之际,以经济诱惑进行思想方面的渗透,这一时期也正是苏联解体和东欧巨变的时期,在这样的背景下召开的"五大"注定是关系到老党和国家生存与发展的一次大会.     

信用权基础理论研究

目前我国对信用权的研究尚处于起步阶段,理论界对信用权的概念、性质等基础问题说法不一。为了进一步理清概念,对信用权的产生、概念、性质进行了分析和归纳,同时探讨了信用权的基本内容,包括信用保有权、信用维护权和信用利益支配权。     

孤残儿童家庭寄养模式的典型及"杭州模式"的建构

家庭寄养是孤残儿童社会化的重要途径。自20世纪九十年代初开展孤残儿童家庭寄养以来,国内逐步形成了比较典型的“北京模式”和“上海模式”,且这两种模式的成功经验在国内逐步得到了推广。杭州市儿童福利院自2000年开展孤残儿童家庭寄养以来,在实践中形成了一些制度化的操作,但尚未形成一种模式。因此,通过对国内外家庭寄养典型模式的研究,进而提出一种新的模式——“杭州模式”,无疑会对杭州市开展孤残儿童家庭寄养有所裨益。     

环境变化与中小型跨国公司的组织结构变迁

跨国公司产生至今不过几十年,它的迅猛发展是当今经济全球化的必然结果.跨国公司作为适合社会生产力和市场经济发展的企业最高组织形式,其显著特点就是将其体系内部的所有独立企业纳入到一个共同治理模式内.     

U.S. Bases and Democratization in Central Asia

Under the Pentagon's current Global Defense Posture Review (GDPR), the United States is reducing its forces in several major Cold War base hosts and establishing a global network of smaller, more flexible facilities in new areas such as Central Asia, the Black Sea and Africa. Drawing upon recent evidence from the Central Asian base hosts of Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan, this article cautions that these new U.S. overseas bases, despite their lighter footprint and regardless of the prevailing security situation, risk becoming enmeshed in the local struggles and political agendas of elites within these hosts. Periods of turbulent democratic transition and regime instability may encourage host country politicians to challenge the legitimacy and terms of the U.S. basing presence for their own political purposes. These are important lessons for U.S. planners who are simultaneously promoting democratization while they negotiate basing and military access agreements in these same politically volatile hosts.     

新农村建设视野中的新型青年农民培养

建设新农村,农民是主体。培养一支有文化、讲文明、懂技术、会经营的新型青年农民队伍,对于建设社会主义新农村至关重要。由于历史、制度、观念等方面的深层次原因,造成了目前广大农村青年整体素质的偏低,这已经成为制约新农村建设的“瓶颈”。因此,加快培养新型青年农民,是我们面临的一项现实而又紧迫的重要任务。一、培养新型青年农民的现实价值1.建设社会主义新农村的迫切需要。近年来,我国农业和农村发展的内涵、形式都发生了重大变化。在变化日益剧烈的新形势下,只有提高广大农民尤其是青年农民的综合素质,建设社会主义新农村的重大历…