法学专业教学质量评估的制度构想

随着高等教育的逐步发展与成熟 ,对教育质量的监控与评估成为一个非常引人关注的问题。法学专业由于自身的特色 ,所以其质量的保证具有鲜明的时代意义。在以往院校评估的制度与经验的基础之上 ,对于法学专业评估制度进行建构是当务之急。专业评估应当分层次、注重针对性、达到科学化。专业评估的依据是国家有关立法和法学教育的内在要求 ;专业评估的目的是以评促建、以评促改 ;专业评估应注重体现法学教育质量的基本方面 ,如专业教师师资、图书资料、教学方案、学生表现等。     

Rare PGM1 (6) and PGM1(7) alleles in the Polish population

Rare PGM1 phenotypes, 6-1, 6-2 and 7-2, were detected in blood samples from 3,437 non-related adults using electrophoresis in starch-gel and cellulose acetate membranes. Frequencies of 0.0009 and 0.0008 were calculated for PGM1(6) and PGM1(7), respectively, for a population from northern Poland. The variants had been inherited, which was confirmed by family studies.     

Lay perspectives on legal conundrums

Criminal law remains divided on the question of whether objectivity or subjectivity should be its dominant basis. Does liability begin with an objective act or harm, or with, subjective intent? In the first experiment, dealing with the conundrum of impossible act cases, the question is, Will respondents convict on subjective grounds (where intent to murder is clear), even when amanifest criminal act andharmful consequences are absent? The results show that they do convict, though their subjective preference moderates and even reverses with certain types of mistakes, or when thepotential harm, though not the actual harm, is perceived as high. In the second experiment, dealing with mistaken act and self-defense cases, the question is, Will subjectivity be determinative, or will respondents weigh objectivity more as the mistake gets more unreasonable? The results show that objectivity is weighed heavily, as fears of a plunge into subjective waters prove groundless Without legal guidelines, respondents navigate these conundrums by shifting their objective vs. subjective balance point, guided by good common sense.     

Typing study of human semen DIA3 by isoelectric focusing--distribution in the Wuhan population, China

Human semen DIA3 typing was studied by isoelectric focusing on ultra-thin-layer polyacrylamide gel which resulted in a simpler and more definite separation of the products of DIA3 alleles than hitherto. In 198 semen samples collected from unrelated Chinese males four different phenotypes were observed. The DIA3 allele frequencies were calculated: DIA 3(1) = 0.7727, DIA 3(2) = 0.2172, DIA 3(3) = 0.0101. The results of the stability study of 12 laboratory-prepared semen stains stored at room temperature suggested that DIA3 in seminal strains is a relatively stable genetic marker. Our gene frequencies have been compared to those reported in other populations.     

Error in expert assessment

On the basis of the statutory code of physicians' duties in Poland, the authors discuss a new category of professional error, namely "error in expert assessment." Expert assessment comprises: Issue of certificates stating temporary inability to work (L-4 forms); Issue of certificates allocating patients to appropriate disability categories; Issue of certificates entitling patients to special services; Issue of certificates for legal purposes According to regulation any physician can be required to provide an expert assessment, because institutions requesting such an opinion refer to persons or institutions so as to obtain special information. In certain cases physicians may request to be released from this obligation. Nevertheless, if they accept it and then pass an erroneous opinion they may be liable to a charge of malpractice. The authors have pointed out that errors in expert assessment usually result from: Inadequate professional knowledge; Examination of the records with no clinical examination; Failure to take account of information included in the patient's file; Illogical or unjustified conclusions about the cause and result relationship. The most common errors in the formulation of expert assessments are: "Overdiagnosis" of the results of an accident; Unjustified statements that death has resulted from an accident or from bad working conditions in cases of death from natural causes; Incorrect reconstruction of the events leading up to an accident or of the mechanism of injuries.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Abuse of "pheticol" and its interference to the analysis of methamphetamine

The study was to eliminate interference from ephedrine in the analysis of methamphetamine. The extraction procedure for methamphetamine was modified to include an oxidation step (2 ml urine specimen was treated with 0.5 ml of 1 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) and 0.5 ml 0.3 mol/L sodium periodate). Results showed that ephedrine could be oxidized in the presence of periodate ions into smaller fragments while leaving methamphetamine intact. It is recommended that specimens be treated with sodium periodate prior to extraction in order to eliminate any interference caused by ephedrine.     

深圳“5.8“空难事故的法医学鉴定

报道了1997年5月8日深圳黄田机场发生的重庆至深圳B－2928号客机降落时撞击地面起大爆炸,造成35人死亡和37人受伤的空难事故,对遇难者的死亡时间、损伤情况、死亡原因、事故原因和个人识别进行了分析,并对处理类似重大事故的法医学鉴定程序进行了探讨。     

Study of the high polymorphism STR locus-FGA in Chinese population

Population genetic study of the complicated STR locus-FGA was performed by the method of PCR in Han population samples. A total of 21 different alleles including 7 interalleles and 63 different genotypes were observed in 349 unrelated individuals. The observed genotype discrimination showed no significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and 51 family studies showed no mutation. According to the results obtained in this study(DP = 0.9612, PE = 0.7007, PIC = 0.8333), this system can be used as an useful means in forensic identification of both criminal and paternity case.