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141.
Ketil Fred Hansen 《Journal of contemporary African studies : JCAS》2013,31(4):583-599
This article focuses on how President Deby re-gained power after a nearly successful coup d'état against him in February 2008. The analysis points towards one major external reason for success and a divided internal strategy. The international community's little interest in Chad and the desire for political stability among the few interested states are the main external reasons for Deby's success. Internally, Deby's use of violence and co-optation explain his success. Deby defeated the Chadian military opposition by combining co-optation of adversaries in Chad's patrimonial marketplace. 相似文献
142.
Fred Argy 《Australian Journal of Public Administration》2001,60(3):66-77
In reviewing the liberal economic reforms of the last two decades, the paper makes a distinction between three groups of reforms. One involved the improvements in the administration of government functions (managerialism, outsourcing and privatisation). Another involved the adoption of more direct or market-based methods of policy intervention (such as budget subsidies, incentives, taxes and transfers in lieu of regulation, protection and financial controls). These two groups of reforms were economic-driven : they sought to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of government. Although many mistakes in design and implementation were made, they largely achieved their intended objectives. With sensitive implementation, the reforms achieved a better balance between efficiency and equity than in most other countries. A third group of reforms embodied a new set of policy paradigms (such as downgrading of full-employment and unconditional need-based welfare relative to other policy goals). They offered few efficiency or economical benefits and were mainly driven by idealogy. 相似文献
143.
Fred Halliday 《Citizenship Studies》1997,1(2):157-172
Conflicts such as the Gulf war of 1990–1991 raise a range of issues pertaining to the role of force in the foreign policies of democratic states, and to the role of the media during such conflicts. The controversies that raged over the Gulf war tended to fuse these questions: those opposed to the War saw the media as collusive with illegitimate western policies, whilst those backing war tended to regard the media as either supportive, or not supportive enough, of the western campaign. This article focuses upon three aspects of this media coverage: first, the character of that coverage itself; second, the issues upon which, with hindsight, distortion can be said to have occurred; and third, the political and ethical issues raised in discussion of the media coverage. This analysis, of the functioning of the media during war, serves both to probe underlying assumptions about the functions of the media in democratic society and to re‐examine debate on one of the most controversial international events of recent times. 相似文献
144.
Fred Hawley 《Crime, Law and Social Change》1993,20(2):89-97
Gun ownership and control issues are remain divisive in academic and in public policy formation and media opinion-making. Despite the recent publication of comprehensive monographs on the subject of gun ownership and how it relates to law, culture and social structure, little is known about the actual practice of promulgating and carrying out various regulations. The implementation of seemingly permissive gun carry permit legislation in Louisiana has been obscured by politicians and law enforcement officials for largely political reasons. Racial and class-oriented subtests are inherent in local and state-level political maneuvers although issues about liability are frequently invoked when permits are not granted. Virtually all major players in this micro-level analysis are unwilling to discuss the issues involved. Consequently, not even those charged with granting the permits claim to not know just what the gun carry law actually means. The ultimate result is delay, confusion and ill-will. 相似文献
145.
Comparative political science has largely ignored the marked cross-national variation in Green party electoral performance. This article uses a unique aggregate dataset of 347 parliamentary elections from 32 countries over the course of 45 years to test competing theories about the causes of Green party success. The findings show that voter demand, institutions and mainstream party strategy all affect the Green vote. Green parties do well in societies with post-materialist conflicts caused by high levels of wealth or the presence of a tangible environmental dispute. The article also shows that regional decentralisation helps Green parties, but electoral systems have little effect on their vote share. Most importantly, it demonstrates that the impact of mainstream party strategy on Green electoral strength is dependent on the age of the Green party. While mainstream parties can undermine young Green parties by adopting the environmental issue, this effect is reversed once the Greens have survived a number of elections. Thus ‘accommodative’ mainstream party strategies eventually boost the Green vote by increasing the salience of the key Green issue. 相似文献
146.
147.
Recent publications from the National Academy of Sciences have called for additional foundational research in the field of firearm and toolmark analysis. We examined test fires from 10 pistol slides with consecutively manufactured breech faces. A total of nine test fires from each pistol slide, for a total of 90 test fired cartridge cases, were compared using confocal microscopy combined with three-dimensional cross-correlation analysis algorithms. A total of 8010 comparisons were performed (720 matches and 7290 nonmatches). The average score for matches was 0.82 with a standard deviation of 0.06. The average score for nonmatches was 0.20 with a standard deviation of 0.03. Additionally, subclass toolmarks were observed on the breech faces, but the presence of subclass was not detected in the correlation analysis. There was no overlap of scores between matching and nonmatching test fires. This provides objective data that support the AFTE (Association of Firearms and Tool Mark Examiners) theory of identification. 相似文献
148.
Benford's Law for Quality Assurance of Manner of Death Counts in Small and Large Databases
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Jeremy Daniels M.D. Samantha‐Jo Caetano M.Sc. Dirk Huyer M.D. Andrew Stephen B.A. John Fernandes M.D.C.M. Alice Lytwyn M.D.C.M. Fred M. Hoppe Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(5):1326-1331
To assess if Benford's law, a mathematical law used for quality assurance in accounting, can be applied as a quality assurance measure for the manner of death determination. We examined a regional forensic pathology service's monthly manner of death counts (N = 2352) from 2011 to 2013, and provincial monthly and weekly death counts from 2009 to 2013 (N = 81,831). We tested whether each dataset's leading digit followed Benford's law via the chi‐square test. For each database, we assessed whether number 1 was the most common leading digit. The manner of death counts first digit followed Benford's law in all the three datasets. Two of the three datasets had 1 as the most frequent leading digit. The manner of death data in this study showed qualities consistent with Benford's law. The law has potential as a quality assurance metric in the manner of death determination for both small and large databases. 相似文献
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150.
Cheating in high school: A comparison of behavior of students in the college prep and general curriculum 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fred Schab 《Journal of youth and adolescence》1972,1(3):251-256
A sampling of 1629 students, from 22 high schools, responded to questions regarding cheating in and outside of school. Of this number, 515 were enrolled in the college prep and 744 in the general curriculum. More similarities than statistically significant differences were found in a comparison of their responses. From 25 to 75% of their peers were estimated to be cheaters. Boys were more often guilty than girls. Cheating in mathematics was most common. Failure was the agreed upon punishment for apprehension—to be administered by the teacher. Neither group would squeal on a cheater. A similar number of each would cheat in a pinch. Both have turned in the work of others. Students in both curricular areas agreed that cheating transferred from school to job. Crime does not pay. Cheating was usually discovered. Breaking a law was a form of dishonesty. However, more college prep students admitted trying to cheat on tests while fewer of them would resort to plagiarism or lie to their parents about school. More general students felt that cheating hurt the cheater and few would trust one.Received ED.D. from Georgia Peabody College for Teachers. Currently is a Professor of Educational Psychology in the College of Education at the University of Georgia, teaching courses in Educational Psychology and Adolescent Psychology. Major research interest is in adolescence. 相似文献