Governing China in the early 21st century: Provincial perspective

China is a country of provinces and provincial leaders are important players in Chinese politics. It is important to know who will be governing China’s provinces in the early 21^st century and how they are going to govern them. This paper will attempt to address three critical issues related to governance of China’s provinces. First, it will describe the new provincial leadership of the early 21^st century. It will identify significant changes in terms of personal characteristics of this new leadership compared to that of earlier years. Second, it will analyze political structural changes at the provincial level. It will look at the relationship among several important provincial institutions and identify significant historical changes. Third, it will assess public policy orientations of the new provincial leadership.     

新中国现代化建设道路的探索与实践

新中国现代化建设已走过漫长的半个世纪。50年来,中国共产党领导全国人民在探索社会主义现代化建设道路的过程中,取得了历史性的成就。本文就此成就作一阐述。一、现代化建设道路的初步探索现代化概念含有多重含义,它既可以指长达数百年的实现现代化的历史过程,也可以指现代化过程发展到一定阶段,按照国际公认标准所达到的水平。现代化过程又大致可以分为现代化建设而实行的社会变革,开始现代化建设及实现现代化等若干阶段。而新中国现代化建设则是中国共产党夺取全国政权后,把工作重点放在经济建设上,提高生产力,把我国建成富强、…     

The Politics of Caste in India’s New Land Wars

ABSTRACT

In this article we introduce the special issue through framing the debate on the role of caste in India’s current land wars. We draw attention to how caste consistently mediates land transfers in present day India by pre-empting, undermining, or fuelling processes of social contestation, as well as the ways in which land claims in turn shape realigned or reimagined caste identities. Based on this, we make three main arguments. The first and most obvious one is that in contemporary conflicts over land, caste matters in evolving ways that deserve attention. Second, we argue that caste and land are recursively linked categories that are produced and reproduced in continuous interaction, even as multi-scalar political economies (re)shape them. And third, that different registers of caste are articulated by different social groups in more or less overt ways as they stake often competing claims to land.     

Y-chromosome STR haplotypes in Somalis

A total of 201 males from Somalia were typed for the Y-chromosome STRs DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS389-I, DYS389-II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS439 with the PowerPlex Y kit (Promega). A total of 96 different haplotypes were observed and the haplotype diversity was 0.9715. The number of unique haplotypes was 71 while the most common haplotype was observed 24 times.     

Y-chromosome STR haplotypes in Danes

A total of 185 unrelated Danish males were typed for the Y-chromosome STRs DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS389-I, DYS389-II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS439 using the kits PowerPlex Y (Promega), ReliaGene Y-Plex 6 and ReliaGene Y-Plex 5 (Reliagene Technologies). A total of 163 different haplotypes were observed and among these, 144 haplotypes were unique. The gene diversity was 0.9985. In DYS392, a variant allele migrating as a 10.2 allele was observed. Sequencing of the allele showed a deletion upstream the repeated area.     

Managing the Welfare State: Lessons from Gustav Möller*

The administrative problems of the present Welfare State have come into focus in recent research. The basic question being raised is whether an elected government can control the bureaucracies that handle the social programmes, i.e., whether the intentions of the parliamentary majority really can be translated into action when they reach the point of administrative implementation. The central subject of this study is the legendary architect of the Swedish Welfare State, Gustav Möller, who was Minister of Social Affairs 1924-26 and 1932-51. It is argued that many of the problems highlighted in present theories of public administration were already apparent to Möller. As the minister responsible for the administrative construction of the Swedish Welfare State, he developed several strategies to cope with the problems of bureaucracy. Having lost the battle over the Social Democratic party leadership in 1946, Gustav Möller left the government in 1951. Subsequently many of his original anti-bureaucratic administrative strategies were reversed.     

河北省参与"西部计划"大学生志愿者情况调查分析

对2003年河北省服务西部大学生志愿者的调查表明,他们参与"西部计划"的动机主要为"国家需要"、"自我锻炼",98%的志愿者表示对未来1～2年的服务"有信心",多数志愿者表示服务期满后会考虑继续留在西部.同时,调查也发现服务期满后的就业问题是这些志愿者最担忧的问题.     

文明相容与人权对话--大沼保昭《人权、国家与文明》读后

日本学者大沼保昭建立了"文明相容的人权观"的思想,以此为分析视角,重新审视了普遍人权与特殊人权、人权与主权、经济性人权与自由性人权的关系,可以发现我们的一些人权口号在反对西方人权攻势的同时,也走入了另外一个极端.放弃实用主义,在反对西方霸权主义的同时对人权的理论问题进行深入分析并努力改善人权,才是在人权问题上的科学态度.     

中国传统法研究中的几个问题

一个多世纪以来 ,传统法在中国常常被视为法治的绊脚石而受到责难。这种旷日持久的责难形成了种种偏见。比如在中西法的比较中习惯以西方法的理论、模式为标准来割裂传统法的有机组成 ;在论述传统法内容时局限于刑 ,而基本排斥了最具特色的“礼” ;过分强调法发展的一般规律 ,而忽视了不同文化背景下法所具有的特殊性。因此 ,在批判传统法的同时 ,我们需要反省对传统法的态度、反省研究中所持的标准、反省研究的方法 ,以求更准确、更合理地解读中国传统法     

邓小平哲学思想探析

一、邓小平哲学思想的特点 (一)实践性 邓小平指出:"实事求是是无产阶级世界的基础,是马克思主义的思想 基础。过去我们搞革命所取得的一切胜利,是靠实事求是,为了坚持实事求是,我们做一切工作必须从实际出发,坚持理论联系实际,将实践作为检验我们工作的唯一标准,在实践中检验和发展真理。首先,坚持实践探索的原则,一切经过实验,摸索前进"。邓小平强调,在社会主义实践中要大胆尝试,敢于探索。"摸着石头过河"的方法就是实践的方法。其目的在于找到正确的方向、路子和形式。其次,强调实践的评价功能,"一个政策、一项措施、一个决策,判断他们是不是实