论我国刑事审判监督程序之改革

刑事诉讼法的修改是当前理论界和实务界关注的热点。作者选取其中的刑事审判监督程序(又称刑事再审程序)作为研究对象,从其存在和改革的必要性、重构的理念以及改革的具体设想三个方面进行了全面、系统的探讨。作者认为,刑事再审程序的存在是符合诉讼规律的,是实现司法公正所必需的;我国刑事再审程序对于实现司法公正和提高效率存在明显的缺陷,需要在更新观念的基础上进行改革。文章指出,现代化的刑事再审程序必须把追求公正、纠正错判和既判力理念、禁止双重危险规则结合起来。作者还就我国刑事再审程序的改革提出了若干建议。     

孔东梅：走近外公毛泽东的“红色之梦”

孔东梅绝对是个公众人物。她是毛泽东惟一的嫡亲外孙女,外婆是贺子珍,母亲是毛泽东长女李敏,父亲是原解放军炮兵副司令员孔从洲将军之子孔令华。她称毛岸青之子毛新宇为表哥,在毛泽东四位孙辈中,她排行第三。这是一个令人仰慕的身份,而孔东梅的另一个身份是北京东润菊香书屋有限责任公司董事长。在纪念毛泽东诞辰110周年之际,由她公司承办的《领袖家风》展览曾经轰动京城。随后,她应湖南卫视之约合作拍摄电视纪录片《亲人毛泽东》。最近,她的新书《改变世界的日子:与王海容谈毛泽东外交往事》再度风行全国。     

Effectiveness of Programs to Prevent School Bullying

Sixteen major evaluations of programs to prevent school bullying, conducted in 11 different countries, are reviewed in detail. Of these 16 evaluations, 8 produced desirable results, 2 produced mixed results, 4 produced small or negligible effects, and 2 produced undesirable results. These varying findings may reflect variations in programs, in implementation, in assessment methods, or in evaluation designs. It is concluded that high-quality evaluations are needed in the future, with randomized designs, theoretically grounded interventions, multiple measures of bullying, and attempts to disentangle the effectiveness of different program components.     

罪犯权利的救济制度分析

一、引言长期以来,我们对监狱的解读是“国家的专政机关”,“暴力机器”,对罪犯的认识是“被专政的对象”,罪犯几乎没有权利可言,因而侵犯罪犯权利的现象时常发生。随着人类文明进程的加快,现代法治理念逐步确立,基本人权保障观念逐渐深入人心。罪犯也是人,也有“人之所以为人的权利”,保障罪犯权利已成为人民的自觉选择,越来越多的人认识到保障罪犯的权利,就是为了保障所有人的权利。罪犯“权利主体”、“特殊弱势群体”的观念得到普遍认同,并逐渐成为行刑活动的基本人权理念。在法治理论的框架里,救济是权利的应有之意。没有救济就没有权…     

Sudden and unexpected death of a 6-month-old baby with silent heart failure due to anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery.

A 6-month-old girl died suddenly without any previous symptoms of heart failure. Autopsy examination showed cardiomegaly (97 g) with a severely fibrotized myocardium. The left coronary artery was originating from the pulmonary artery. Histologically, the myocardium showed myocardial infarcts of different ages, as well as grossly thickened arterial branches due to increased flow in left-right shunt. We suggest that rare anomalies of the coronary arteries should be considered in the autopsies of suspected sudden infant death syndrome cases.     

Impact of tropical conditions on thin layer chromatography in analytical toxicology: high temperatures and moderate humidities.

The impact of high temperatures (24 to 39 degrees C) and low to moderately high humidities (20 to 70%) on the applicability of TLC systems for drug identification was studied during a 6 month climatologic cycle in Burkina Faso (West Africa). In general, the Rf values as observed on the plates were found to be substantially affected as compared with values obtained at temperate climates. Some TLC systems were more affected than others and the largest deviations of up to 30 Rf units were at low humidities. Tropical conditions also had a negative effect on the reproducibility of Rf values. However, when an Rf-correction procedure was applied, using reference mixtures of known drugs on each plate, accuracy as well as reproducibility of the resulting Rfc values were drastically improved and data thus corrected were found to be compatible with existing TLC data bases developed under moderate climatological conditions. The impact of high to extremely high humidities (70 to 100%) remains to be investigated.     

教育权之争——“孟母堂事件”的法理学思考

“孟母堂事件”是一场发生在国家与公民之间关于教育权的争执,我国现行法律规定了国家作为教育权主体的地位,而未对父母的教育权做出具体规定。缺少制约的国家教育权力的膨胀造成诸多弊端。父母基于自然,有权主张自己对子女的教育权,有权监督让渡给国家和社会的教育权,家庭教育应有其合法的地位。当然教育权作为公民的自由权的同时,又具有社会性,家庭教育必须接受国家、社会、法律、法规的监督与指导,国家也有义务保障家庭教育的实现。这样,父母的教育权利与国家的教育权力(利)之间应该互相制约,以保障受教育人受教育权的完美实现。     

NO COMMUNITY IS AN ISLAND: THE EFFECTS OF RESOURCE DEPRIVATION ON URBAN VIOLENCE IN SPATIALLY AND SOCIALLY PROXIMATE COMMUNITIES*

The link between resource deprivation and urban violence has long been explored in criminological research. Studies, however, have largely ignored the potential for resource deprivation in particular communities to affect rates of violence in others. The relative inattention is notable because of the strong theoretical grounds to anticipate influences that extend both to geographically contiguous areas and to those that, though not contiguous, share similar social characteristics. We argue that such influences—what we term spatial and social proximity effects, respectively—constitute a central feature of community dynamics. To support this argument, we develop and test theoretically derived hypotheses about spatial and social proximity effects of resource deprivation on aggregated and disaggregated homicide counts. Our analyses indicate that local area resource deprivation contributes to violence in socially proximate communities, an effect that, in the case of instrumental homicides, is stronger when such communities are spatially proximate. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings for theories focused on community‐level social processes and violence, and for policies aimed at reducing crime in disadvantaged areas.