现代"开放型"人格及其培育中的若干文化难点

社会个体全面自由的发展、社会交往层次的提高和“全球化”时代的到来,都对培育“开放型”人格提出了迫切要求。本文论述了当前培育“开放型”人格的意义,并分析了“开放型”人格生成中的几个文化难点:传统理想人格导致的误区、传统思维定势的局限与国民性中某些负面因素的影响,从而为培养“开放型”人格提供思路。     

The rapid determination of the ABO group from body fluids (or stains) by dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dot-ELISA) using enzyme-labeled monoclonal antibodies

Using ABH enzyme-labeled monoclonal antibodies, the authors could rapidly detect the ABO group from body fluids and body fluid stains by the dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dot-ELISA). In this test, the antigen was immobilized on nitrocellulose paper; the entire piece of paper was coated with an appropriate dilution of enzyme-labeled McAb directly against the antigen of interest; and, finally, 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) substrate solution was added. The site of a positive reaction is clearly visible as a brown spot. We analyzed 521 samples and got satisfactory results. We also analyzed 99 practical case samples by this method and achieved the same results as those obtained by other researchers using other methods. This method is accurate, simple, direct, rapid, and sensitive; it also produces easily observed results, requires no equipment, and can be completed in 30 min. The test proved to be clearly more sensitive for the detection of the ABO blood group in secretor saliva than the conventional hemagglutination inhibition test. Also saliva diluted 10(-4) to 10(-5) and the ABO group of nonsecretor saliva and urine could be easily detected by this method.     

Amplification of a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) locus (pMCT118) by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and its application to forensic science

A genetic locus (D1S58, defined by DNA probe pMCT118) that contains a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) has been successfully amplified from a very small amount of genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The DNA sequence of the locus was determined and was found to consist of a 16-base consensus sequence and flanking sequences. Oligonucleotide primers complementary to the flanking sequences were synthesized to serve as primers for amplification of MCT118 by the PCR method. Human genomic DNA isolated from blood (2 ng from each sample) was successfully amplified at the MCT118 locus, and polymorphic bands were detectable by ethidium bromide staining after electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels. Determination of genotypes at this VNTR locus can now be routinely achieved within 24 h, without the need for Southern blots or radioactive materials. Furthermore, the small size (387 to 723 base pairs) of the DNA fragments produced in the PCR amplification permits good resolution of individual alleles that differ by only one repeat unit. The precise specification of the number of tandem repeats present in each allelic fragment is reproducible from one analysis to another.     

Behavior of genetic markers in recipients after bone marrow transplantation and problems in forensic medicine

The authors report studies on four pairs of donors and recipients in bone marrow transplantation (BMT). A broad range of gene markers at 41 gene loci, including 11 red blood cell markers, 5 human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) types, 12 serum protein markers, 5 red cell enzyme markers, and 8 salivary markers were evaluated before and after BMT over 2 months. As a result, 9 out of 41 gene loci of genetic markers in recipients were transformed into the donor type. BMT between family members may lead to transformation of gene markers, but within a pattern compatible with family inheritance patterns, and no genetic paradox will be found in later surveys of familial genetic relationships. However, in a personal identification system in forensic medicine using genetic markers as an index, the appearance of a phenotype incompatible with a blood relationship is possible after BMT with a non-blood-relative donor. This result is similar to the inheritance pattern observed after artificial insemination by a donor's semen (AID), a more complete out-of-family cross.     

偷税行政法控制与刑法控制的衔接

偷税行政法控制与刑法控制的衔接包括立法上的衔接与执法司法上的衔接。立法上的衔接要注意税收法规关于偷税以及对偷税的行政处罚的规定与刑法关于偷税罪以及偷税罪的法定刑的规定二者之间的一致性与协调性;执法司法上的衔接,要注意税务机关与司法机关在控制偷税方面的合作与协调。     

阿片依赖患者血清FT3、FT4、TSH浓度变化

观察34例阿片依赖患者血清FT3、FT4及TSH浓度变化，结果显示，FT3、FT4及TSH浓度均明显低于正常对照组（P＜0．01）。说明阿片类毒品对丘脑－垂体－甲状腺轴具有抑制和损伤作用。长期使用阿片类毒品，甲状腺激素水平明显下降，从而产生一系列相应的生理变化和临床表现。     

准确界定与全面履行政府职能

一 中共"十六大"报告中明确指出,要在更大程度上发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用,创造各类市场主体平等使用生产要素的环境,促进商品和生产要素在全国市场自由流动.中国是一个很特殊的社会主义市场经济国家,也是一个发展中大国,它既不同于成熟市场经济的发达国家,也不同于尚在经历市场经济转型的独联体和东欧国家,也不同于一般的发展中小国.但是,社会主义市场经济作为市场经济的一种表现形态,尽管具有自己的独特之处,也同样应具备市场经济所具有的共同特征.因此,在界定我国现阶段政府职能的范围时,既不能沿用计划经济条件下的思维模式,也不能简单照搬发达市场经济国家的政府职能.     

Positive- and negative-ion mass spectrometry and rapid clean-up of 19 phenothiazines

Positive-ion electron impact (PIEI), positive-ion chemical ionization (PICI) and negative-ion chemical ionization (NICI) mass spectra of 19 phenothiazines are presented. In the PIEI mode, peaks due to M, M minus side chain (M - R1), M - R1 + H, and side chain itself (R1) appeared for most compounds. The M - R1 and R1 ions were very useful for drug screening. In the PICI mode, most spectra showed base or intense peaks due to M + H, and small peaks due to M + C2H5; peaks due to M - R1 + 2H and R1 also appeared in many compounds. In the NICI mode, fragmentation modes were different in different compound groups; molecular or [M - H]- quasi-molecular anions appeared in many compounds with aliphatic side chains. Anions at m/z 98 and 115 were characteristic for compounds with (N-methylpiperazinyl)propyl side chains. Selected ion monitoring in the PIEI mode generally gave much higher sensitivity than in the PICI and NICI modes. Phenothiazines present in urine or plasma could be rapidly isolated by use of Sep-Pak C18 cartridges. Thirteen of 19 phenothiazines could be detected by HP-17 wide-bore capillary gas chromatography with satisfactory separation from impurities in their underivatized forms.     

胃肠道线虫的黏膜免疫

从机体抗胃肠道线虫的黏膜免疫、胃肠道黏膜的抗原加工与递呈、胃肠道黏膜抵御寄生虫的效应机制等几方面论述了胃肠道线虫的免疫机理和免疫学研究的进展,旨在进一步阐明用免疫介入方法防治胃肠道线虫的理论基础,以解决胃肠道线虫治疗过程中的药物残留以及寄生虫的抗药性问题。