风险负担规则与合同解除

学说和立法草案多有以合同解除制度吸收风险负担规则的主张,在我国司法实践中,两者的交错也带来了法律适用上的困惑。合同解除制度和风险负担规则具有各自的优势领域,解除一元论和并存模式是目前具有代表性的两种制度安排。在我国合同法采并存模式的背景下,风险由债务人负担时可择一适用,但需就解除权期间、清算关系中的诉讼时效、风险负担抗辩等问题作出特别处理。风险由债权人负担时应当否定债权人的解除权。瑕疵给付时的解除与风险负担应适用合同法第148条、第149条的规定,但在立法论上有重新斟酌的必要。持续性合同可类推适用租赁合同的规定或部分解除制度。清算关系中的风险分配可有限制地准用合同法第148条的规定。     

浓缩DNA法结合miniSTR分型技术检验微量DNA

目的优化低拷贝数DNA STR分型方法。方法对采用磁珠法或Chelex-100法提取DNA,Identi-filer试剂盒扩增,未获得分型结果的日常检案检材,采用物理浓缩法或过柱浓缩法浓缩DNA,采用miniFilerTM试剂盒再次扩增分型。结果 127例检材中,47例磁珠法提取DNA未获得分型的样品,分型成功率为36%;80例Chelex-100法提取DNA未获分型的样品,分型成功率为30%。结论采用浓缩法和miniFilerTM试剂盒,可以提高日常检案中低拷贝数检材的STR检验分型成功率。     

PowerPlex(R) 16 HS系统直接扩增法检测常见检材的DNA

目的研究PowerPlex 16 HS系统直接扩增法对血样、口腔拭子和烟蒂3种常见检材的有效性。方法采用PowerPlex 16 HS系统对11份新鲜血样、10份口腔拭子和10份烟蒂样本进行直接扩增检测,对所得数据进行统计分析。结果新鲜血样和口腔拭子的完整遗传图谱检测成功率为100%,烟蒂样本的完整遗传图谱检测成功率为90%。结论 PowerPlex 16 HS系统直接扩增法是一种适用于血样、口腔拭子和烟蒂3种常见检材的有效方法。     

论劳动者的罢工权

在法律上承认和规范劳动者的罢工权,防止非法罢工,不仅有利于劳动者劳动权益的维护,也有利于社会的稳定。罢工权不是孤立的,劳动法领域中的罢工权,是劳动者的一项劳动权利,是劳动者集体劳动权的重要组成部分,与劳动者组织工会的权利（团结权）、集体谈判的权利密不可分。劳动者享有法律所保护的合法罢工权。罢工基于维护劳动者的合法权益,局限于劳动关系领域,并要符合法律规定的程序。在法律上确立劳动者享有合法的罢工权后,如何保护依法罢工的劳动者的利益是法律必须面对和解决的重要问题,也是关系到劳动者罢工权是否能真正享有的保障。为了维护劳动者的权益,法律应当赋予劳动者罢工权,但当罢工影响到社会公共秩序的时候,罢工权就应该受到限制。     

服务型政府视野下公务员学习能力建设探析

在服务型政府构建过程中,培养和提高公务员的学习能力具有重要的实践价值和现实意义。为此,各级政府要大力加强公务员队伍的学习能力建设,尤其要在学习理念、学习机制、学习制度、学习方法等方面不断进行完善和提升,并以此为突破口,全面提升公务员的综合素质。     

关于地方政府绩效评估问题的思考

强化地方政府绩效评估有利于提升我国地方政府的施政水平,促进区域生态发展、社会发展和经济发展。本文认为,应认真研究并分析地方政府绩效的内涵、绩效评估的主体选择、绩效评估指标体系、指标分值的权重分配与绩效分级等基本问题,只有这样,才能有效地开展地方政府绩效评估工作。     

知识产权人才培养本科层次的定位与发展

单独设置的知识产权全日制本科专业,是对于日益增长的知识产权人才需求的有力回应。但是,知识产权本科专业的人才培养也面临着许多问题。知识产权本科专业的发展方向,应当是以＂基础型＂、＂特色化＂的知识产权人才为培养目标。在培养方案中,应当坚持法学类课程的主干地位,同时着力提高学生的实践能力。     

区域经济发展的法制协调机制浅析

区域经济的协调发展需要有统一、完善的法制作保障。国家统一的法制往往满足不了特定区域经济协调发展的需求,而地方性法规和规章又只能在本行政区域内发生作用,且地方立法之间往往存在着冲突。借鉴美国的法制协调经验,构建我国的区域法制协调机制,有利于我国区域经济的协调发展。     

Fostering a triple response mechanism to combat global climate change: Emission abatement,carbon capture and water improvement

The Kyoto Protocol has established emission abatement and carbon sink increase to cope with climate change. However, in recent years, developed countries tend to focus more on the former. The simplifying of GHG causes has posed challenges for the understanding of climate change issues and for the development of consequent counter-measures, leading to present controversy and dilemma over mechanisms to combat global climate change. It is held that a desirable global cooperative stance should be “harmonious but differentiated,” i.e., the division of responsibilities and co-operation among the countries should be conducted after the diversities of different countries are recognized in terms of climate change, interests and functions. To meet this end, it is necessary to have UNFCCC play a leading role, under which emission abatement, carbon sink and water cycle improvement are concurrently reinforced. Under this triple mechanism, industrialized countries ought to continue to take the lead in emission abatement, while developing countries, especially those with great potentialities to strengthen carbon sink and water conservancy, ought to conduct ecological preservation and to develop hydraulic capacity so as to strengthen the natural carbon cycle and water cycle to combat climatic impacts.     

Progressing with the reform and opening up: Retrospective of China’s civil law (1978–2008)

Over the past 30 years, Chinese civil and commercial law has made great achievements in providing theoretical support for Chinese legislation, establishing a theoretical system of civil and commercial law with Chinese characteristics, conducting in-depth and comparative research in this field, and making many summaries of trial practices, judicial interpretations and case studies of civil and commercial affairs. The academic circle has expressed professional comments regarding public events. The major theoretical breakthroughs include the clarification of the relationship between civil law and economic law, further research on the civil code system, basic consensus on the integration of civil law and commercial law, formation of the theoretical system of property right law with Chinese characteristics, innovation and development of contract law theories, basic information of personality law theories, and formation of the theoretical system of tort law. The orientation of Chinese civil and commercial law is to enhance comparative research on civil and commercial law nationally and internationally, focusing on the diversity of research methodologies.