犯罪季节变动稳定性及其测定

犯罪季节性因地不同,会随犯罪“利润、市场”的变化而稍稍滞后地发生变化,同时,社会政策特别是刑事政策的调整和相关科学技术的进步也会对犯罪季节性产生一定影响。总体说来,犯罪季节性只是缓慢减弱,而决不会骤然改变或断然消失。     

顾客知识管理的作用机理研究

知识经济的到来凸显了知识对企业的作用,企业日益强调企业知识管理。顾客知识管理作为企业知识管理的一个重要方面,它的作用机理还未得到研究。本文界定了顾客知识管理的含义,探讨了顾客知识管理的过程,建立了顾客知识管理的作用模型,阐明了顾客知识管理对提高企业竞争能力的作用机理。     

危机事件中的政府形象和政府危机公关

“9.11”事件标志着政府危机时代的到来。危机对于政府的形象而言既是机遇又是挑战。政府在危机中的一举一动都会受到公众的审视,对政府自身的形象产生巨大的影响,导致政府形象产生“挤出效应”。从而,政府危机公关应运而生。危机事件的特点和政府公共职能的特性决定了政府危机公关的特征。政府危机公关是建立在法律、技术、管理和社会4个支持平台上,在危机的预备期、冲击期、恢复期3个阶段从信息、行为、心理3个方面全面展开危机公关。     

能源合作与中俄关系发展

开展能源合作是经济全球化的内在要求.中俄能源合作符合各自的能源安全利益,可以拓展双方战略协作伙伴关系的经济内容,但同时也能对双方关系造成一定的消极影响.     

邓小平哲学思想对马克思主义的继承和发展

邓小平的哲学思想 ,一方面坚持和继承了马克思主义哲学基本原理 ,一方面同中国的社会主义革命和建设具体实践相结合 ,对马克思主义哲学进行丰富和发展。邓小平哲学思想属于行动哲学和实践哲学的范畴。邓小平对马克思主义哲学新的发展主要体现在 :对马克思主义哲学、毛泽东哲学思想中的某些理论观点进一步具体化 ;提出了一些前所未有的哲学观点 ,做出了一些新的哲学概括 ;邓小平的哲学思想贯穿在他的思想方法和工作方法的论述中。新时期党的思想路线是马克思主义哲学基本原理和邓小平实践哲学的结晶。     

消胚散结汤的抗早孕作用及对大鼠胚胎发育的影响

用３种不同浓度的消胚散结汤给早期妊娠大鼠灌胃，观察其抗早孕作用及对流产失败后幸存胚胎发育的影响，结果表明，消胚散结汤具有良好的抗早孕效果，３个浓度组完全流产率达８２．８６％，９０．６３％和９３．７５％，与西药组９２．５９％，无显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５），流产失败后，高浓度组幸存活胎率比对照组有显著降低（Ｐ〈０．０５），但活胎体重，身长，尾长３项生长发育指标及宫内生长迅缓（ＩＵＧＲ）发生率均与对照组无     

Age estimation by occlusal tooth wear

The purpose of the present investigation was to test the accuracy of a new scoring system in recording tooth wear for age estimation. The material consisted of dental stone casts of 383 volunteers who had sound premolars and molars with normal occlusion. The degree of occlusal wear for all premolar and molar teeth was scored with the new system. The high intra- and inter-examiner concordances showed that the new score system was very reliable. The degree of tooth wear showed a significant positive correlation with age in each and every examined tooth of both males and females. Tooth wear scores of males were higher than those of females. Calculating tables for age estimation were designed and the accuracy of age estimation was obtained with the General Linear Models procedures. Our system could provide estimation of an individual's age within +/-3 years in 42.4% of males and 49.4% of females, within +/-5 years in 61.8% of males and 63.3% of females. When the subjects were divided into two age groups and data were re-treated, the accuracy of age estimation was increased. Collectively, it was shown that our new system for scoring tooth wear is a reliable and accurate method for age estimation.     

The comparison of toluene determination between headspace-solid phase microextraction and headspace methods in glue-sniffer's blood and urine samples

An accurate and simple method was developed to determine the level of toluene in urine and blood quantitatively by using the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with headspace--solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) technique. An assembly of SPME with a replaceable extraction fiber, coated with 100 microm polydimethylsiloxane, was used. The detection limit of toluene in blood and urine with HS-SPME technique was 10 times higher than that with headspace (HS) technique. To compare the HS-SPME with HS technique for the determination of toluene in biological fluids, blood and urine samples from glue sniffers were analyzed by both methods. The level of toluene by the two techniques was highly correlated: the correlation coefficient (r2) between the two sets of values were 0.98 and 0.96 in urine and blood, respectively.     

A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for ABO blood typing of semen by using anti-p 84 monoclonal antibody as a marker of blood group substance in semen

A blood group substance (BGS), a protein with ABH antigenic activity, was isolated from human seminal plasma and designated as p 84 (Sato, 1995). We have developed a method for determining the ABO blood type of semen by performing a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in which p 84 is captured with an anti-p 84 monoclonal antibody, and evaluated the specificity and sensitivity of this method. Although BGS activity was detected in semen sensitively by this method, it was not detected in saliva, urine, breast milk, blood or vaginal secretions. Since the concentration of p 84 in semen was independent of the secretion status, the status can be determined as non-secretor when p 84 but not BGS activity was detected. To determine the stability of BGS activity on p 84, dried stains of semen on filter paper were kept at 4, 26, and 37 degrees C for 8 months, 2 years and 1 month, respectively, and their BGS activities were examined. After 8 months at 4 degrees C, over 60% of the original BGS activity was recovered from the stain. The activity could be detected even from a square as small as 0.25 by 0.25 cm. After 1 month at 37 degrees C and 2 years at 26 degrees C, 31 and 20% of the BGS activity, respectively, still remained. It could be detected from the pieces of 1.0 by 1.0 cm and 0.5 by 0.5 cm squares, kept for 1 month at 37 degrees C and 2 years at 26 degrees C, respectively. Finally, semen was mixed with saliva or blood at varying volumetric ratios and used for the sources of dried stains. The BGS activity of p 84 could be detected in the stains until the ratio between semen and saliva or blood reached 1:4. We conclude that this sandwich ELISA offers a more sensitive and specific method for determining the ABO blood type of semen samples obtained from sexual assault victims than existing methods, such as the conventional absorption-elution and classical hemagglutination-inhibition tests.