以人为本将新型生育文化融入企业文化

企业文化是以人为中心,以文化引导为手段,以激发职工的自觉行为为目的的一种企业经营管理思想,坚持以人为本,关注职工健康,不断满足职工日益增长的计生需求。     

公安机关“三基”工程建设的认识与思考

基层基础工作是整个公安工作的根基,是推动公安事业长远发展的基石。当前公安机关通过一年多的"三基"工程建设,取得了突出的成效,但由于公安基层工作还比较薄弱,离"三基"工程建设既定的目标还有较大的差距,要继续深入扎实的推进公安机关基层基础建设,必然要对制约公安机关基层基础建设的各种问题进行全面深入分析,并提出科学合理的对策。     

阿拉山口口岸走私珍贵动物及制品案件特点与对策

阿拉山口走私珍贵动物及制品案件多发生在国际列车旅检现场。具有内外勾结、走私数量大、规模大、形成蚂蚁搬 家式的完整走私链等特点。在侦办案件中要立足口岸,深入海关业务一线;情报先导,密织情报网;注重破大案,打团伙,抓 逃犯;加强国际合作,形成打击走私的强大合力。     

刍议问责制中行政首长连带责任之有限性

近几年国内出现的“问责风暴”,以及如何保护“好官”的议论均与连带责任的有限性高度关联。而对行政首长连带责任有限性的探讨,有助于确定连带责任的范围,促进连带责任在现实政治生活中的实现。     

人体颅脑贯通枪创后心肌和肺的超微结构观察

本文报告6例人体颅脑贯通枪创后2小时所取心肌和肺的超微结构变化。6例心肌及肺的超微结构基本相似。心肌最明显的变化是:Z 带排列不规则,灶性肌原迁维溶解,线粒体肿胀、基质电子密度降低和嵴消失,间质水肿。肺组织的明显变化是肺泡隔和肺间质增宽伴电子密度降低,肺泡隔毛细血管内中性粒细胞聚集,肺间质或肺泡腔内中性粒细胞浸润。本文对主要病理变化的意义和发生原理进行了讨论,认为肺间质水肿与神经源性肺水肿有关,由于伤后经过时间长短不同或有无颅内高压形成,而出现间质性水肿或肺泡内水肿。心肌的变化与缺氧有关。     

债权申报若干基本问题研讨

<正> 债权申报制度,自我国破产法创立以来,有很多问题未得到澄清,以致在实践中难免会遇到正确适用的困难。债权申报制度的意义何在?债权申报期间的性质如何?逾期未申报债权产生什么后果?对我国现行债权申报制度又有何检讨呢?此等基本问题如得不到合理的解释,就存在法律适用不当的风险。     

捕鲸的国际管制

<正> 捕鲸的历史源远流长。据资料记载,早在12世纪,生活在伊比利亚半岛的巴斯克人就在比斯开湾猎捕露脊鲸。由于近海资源的减少和经济利益的驱动,捕鲸者开始向远洋扩张,16世纪时抵达北美海岸;17世纪时英国和荷兰的捕鲸船甚至在北冰洋水域作业。18世纪抹香鲸渔业活动兴起,成为世界范围内的一项新兴产业;美洲捕鲸者与其他国家的同行从大西洋一直捕猎到太平洋和印度洋。另外,日本人也自1675年开始捕鲸。这种大肆捕猎活动使鲸类自20世纪开始就已严重减少,而且捕鲸技术的发展加速了鲸资源的衰退。这种影响波及至人迹罕至拥有大量鲸类的南极海域。     

汽车碰撞中乘员损伤成因分析与计算机仿真研究

目的运用计算机仿真技术模拟汽车碰撞过程,为法医学鉴定及交通事故处理提供参考依据。方法通过对汽车碰撞中乘员损伤成因分析及车辆痕迹检验,建立有效的人体、车辆仿真模型,利用动量冲量法与多刚体动力学结合仿真求解乘员运动模式,客观再现乘员交通伤特点。结果计算机仿真汽车碰撞过程中,人体模型上碰撞部位的分布符合法医学检验所得结果。结论计算机仿真求解乘员交通伤的方法在法医学鉴定和事故责任认定中具有参考价值。     

Application of HLA-DRB1 genotyping by oligonucleotide micro-array technology in forensic medicine

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is known to be the most complex polymorphic system in the human genome. Among all of the HLA loci, HLA-DRB1 has the second largest number of alleles. The purpose of this study is to develop an oligonucleotide micro-array based HLA-DRB1 typing system for use in forensic identification, anthropology, tissue transplantation, and other genetic research fields. The system was developed by analyzing the HLA-DRB1 (DRB1) genotypes in 1198 unrelated healthy Chinese Han individuals originating from various parts of China and residing in Shanghai, China. METHOD: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) coupled with the oligonucleotide micro-array technology was used to detect and type HLA-DRB1 alleles of the sample individuals. The reliability, sensitivity, consistency and specificity were evaluated for use in forensic identification. Furthermore, a meta-analysis was carried out by comparing the allele frequencies of the HLA-DRB1 locus with those of other Chinese Han groups, Chinese minorities and other ethnic populations. RESULTS: All the DNA samples yielded a 273 bp amplification product, with no other amplification products in this length range. The minimum quantity of DNA detected by this method is 15 ng in a PCR reaction system of 25 microl. The population studied appeared to be not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), expected probability of exclusion (PE), polymorphic information content (PIC), and discrimination power (DP) of the HLA-DRB1 locus from the Shanghai Han ethnic group were evaluated to be 0.8022, 0.8870, 0.7741, 0.8771, 0.9750, respectively. A total of 25 HLA-DRB1 alleles were identified. HLA-DRB1*09XX, *04XX, *12XX and *15XX were the most frequent DRB1 alleles, which were observed in 58.76% of the sample. One hundred and sixteen genotypes were found. The five most frequent genotypes were: *04XX/*04XX (0.0626), *09XX/*09XX (0.0593), *04XX/*09XX (0.0551), *09XX/*15XX (0.0384) and *08XX/*12XX (0.0351). The meta-analysis showed that there were uniquely distributed features of DRB1 alleles among various ethnic populations and among the studied population groups from various regions with the same ethnic origin. CONCLUSIONS: An HLA-DRB1 genotyping system has been developed and established based on the oligonucleotide micro-array technology. The HLA-DRB1 typing of the Han population in Shanghai has revealed a relatively high heterogeneity. Information obtained in this study will be useful for medical and forensic applications as well as in anthropology research. Large-scale micro-array detection is highly accurate and reliable for DNA-based HLA-DRB1 genotyping. These results suggest that HLA-DRB1 DNA polymorphisms and the database of the Shanghai Han group have useful applications in processing forensic casework (as personal identification, paternity test), tracing population migration and genetic diagnosis.     

轿车与自行车碰撞事故仿真研究及骑车者致伤特点分析

目的研究计算机仿真技术重建自行车骑行状态下交通事故发生过程,并探讨此技术在分析真实事故中骑车者人体致伤方式、特点及损伤程度上的可行性。方法通过对事故人、车痕迹鉴定和模型建立,构建相关碰撞环境并利用高性能计算机及PC-Crash软件对事故进行再现研究。结果计算机仿真技术建立的人、车模型在模拟碰撞过程中,骑车者发生的运动过程、损伤分布及损伤动力学响应结果与法医学尸表检验人体损伤部位、程度基本吻合。结论利用计算机仿真技术重建自行车骑行状态下的事故碰撞过程、分析骑车者致伤方式及提供损伤部位动力学响应参数等,对于交通伤法医学鉴定及深化交通伤机制研究具有参考价值。