对法律与科学技术关系的思考

正确处理法律与科学技术之间的关系,就是要深刻把握科技与法律之间相互影响、相互促进、互为制约、密不可分的辩证关系,充分运用这种辩证关系在理论和实践上的指导和促进作用。     

改革开放以来中国农村社会的结构转型及其意涵

传统社会向现代社会的转型本质上是社会关系的转型。当前,我国农村社会正由传统向现代过渡,反映这种社会关系转型轨迹的中国农村经济、社会及政治结构出现了实质性的分化:乡村利益格局日益趋向多元化,教育及文化的发展使农民的意识从"身份取向"向"权利取向"转变,并自发形成了以自主治理为特征的乡村社会团体。农村经济-社会结构的转型构成了未来我国新型乡村治理关系的基础。     

北京市监狱系统开展监区文化建设探索与实践

监区文化，对于罪犯的心理、品格和行为举止等，具有重要的教育、矫正、约束和调适作用，特别是渗透着和谐、情感等人文色彩的监区文化，对于罪犯改造质量的提高具有十分积极的作用，是社会主义先进文化在监狱的具体体现。一直以来，北京市监狱管理局十分重视和加强各监狱的监区文化建设，遵照司法部关于“开展监区文化建设要从实际出发，不搞花架子”的要求，围绕市司法局“一二七”基本工作思路（即“一个中心、两大矛盾、七项主要工作措施”），     

Flexibilisierung des Schutzgebietsnetzes Natura 2000 vor dem Hintergrund des Klimawandels

Das Thema Klimawandel und Naturschutz geh?rt derzeit zu den zentralen Gegenst?nden der politischen und wissenschaftlichen Umweltdiskussion. Sowohl für Juristen als auch für Naturwissenschaftler verschiedener Fachrichtungen stellt das Thema eine besondere Herausforderung dar. In den folgenden Er?rterungen geht es vor allem um die Fragen, welches Instrumentarium das geltende europ?ische Recht zum Schutzgebietsnetz Natura 2000 bereith?lt, um klimabedingten Arealverschiebungen von Tier- und Pflanzenarten Rechnung tragen zu k?nnen, und wie dieses Instrumentarium de lege ferenda optimiert werden kann. Die Bearbeitung der Fragen erfolgt auf der Grundlage rechts- und naturwissenschaftlicher Kooperation.     

State Project Europe: The Transformation of the European Border Regime and the Production of Bare Life

Giorgio Agamben refers to a basic problem in the constitution of the modern nation state: the state as a nation implies that "bare life" becomes the foundation of sovereignty. With the loss of their citizenship, refugees lose not only all their rights, but more fundamentally the "right to have rights" (Arendt). This dilemma of modern statehood does not vanish under conditions of European integration; it is rather re-scaled. Applying a state-theoretical approach to the European border regime, we will concentrate on the two main techniques by which the EU produces "bare life": the "camp" and the invisible "police state." It will become apparent that the institutionalization of "the right of every human being to belong to mankind" is still lacking. Yet, in contrast to Agamben, we do not trace this constellation back to the collapse of the concept of human rights, but to hegemonies and power relations.     

Estimating the Duration of Jihadi Terror Plots in the United States

The number of ongoing terror plots increases with the duration of time from plot initiation until plot execution or interdiction (whichever comes first), yet no estimate of the probability distribution governing terror plot duration has appeared in the open literature. To remedy this gap, jihadi terror plots in the United States were identified from terrorism-related indictments that occurred between 11 September 2001 and 30 June 2011 in addition to successful attacks. From a review of indictments, affidavits, and other publicly available information, it was possible to identify lower and upper bounds for the initiation date of the plot in question as well as the ending date corresponding to either the arrest of the suspect(s) eventually convicted or an attempted/actual act of terror. These observations enable estimation of the duration distribution of jihadi terror plots in the United States accounting for the censoring and truncation effects inherent with these data (technical details appear in the Appendix). The estimated mean plot duration equals 270 days (standard error of mean 40 days), while 95 percent of all plots are estimated to fall between 33 and 750 days. These estimates suggest that on average, approximately three ongoing terror plots have been active in the United States at any point since 11 September 2001.     

Budget Appraisal—The Next Step in the Quest for Better Budgeting?

Noting that budgeting now represents the most important instrument of governance, transcending the traditional role of legislation, and also noting that recognition of this development stimulated a search for better methods, which is still underway, the author explores the possibility of using periodic, criteria-based appraisals to encourage governments to adopt exemplary practices. Surfacing after World War II, dissatisfaction with budgetary practice led to continuing experimentation with alternative formats and procedures. Although the alternative approaches reflect different standards, they also share similarities, which can provide a foundation for the construction of an exemplary model of public budgeting, embracing critical dimensions of the budgetary process. Further noting the constructive impact of auditing standards on accounting practices and financial reports, the author suggests that the post-audit model may be applicable to budgeting. Experimenting with this model is advanced as a likely next step in the search for better budgeting methodologies.     

中国西南民族关系研究散论之二

西南地区特殊的地理区位和生态环境构成了中国西南民族关系的基本发展背景和基础。各民族为了生产和生活的需要 ,结成了紧密的关系 ,甚至互相融合。在民族关系史的研究中 ,一定要意识到不同时期的民族在内容和概念上是不同的。西南地区的民族关系可以概括为中央政权与少数民族政权的关系、少数民族政权之间的关系、汉族民间与少数民族民间的关系、少数民族民间的关系四大部分 ,而西南民族关系的特点则可概括为分布上的大杂居与小聚居、政治上的多元一体、发展阶段的不平衡性、经济上的互补性、文化上的多元交融。     

Getting out of the way: on the road to aboriginal self-government

“Now, the government wants to give us self government. With what will we govern? They have taken our land! They have taken our timber! They have taken our fish! What will we do?” Saik'uz elder Sophie Thomas on the 1992 Charlottetown Accord. “Recognition and respect for First Nations as self-determining and distinct nations with their own spiritual values, histories, languages, territories, political institutions and ways of life must be the hallmark of this new relationship.” BC Task Group Report - June 1991