我国公立大学组织管理的逻辑基础分析

作为社会组织的一种类型,公立大学具有明显的社会公共性质,但也具有遵循教育客观发展规律的学术本位特殊性质。本文从组织管理的逻辑起点出发发现:学科目录逻辑、问题导向逻辑和单位治理逻辑是我国公立大学组织管理的现实逻辑基础,并可汇集为政治逻辑的综合,这在一定程度上偏离了大学组织学术本位的原则,不利于公立大学按照高等教育发展规律以提升大学的学术创新能力,需要从基于认识论的学术逻辑出发,反思与重构多样性、自组织的学术组织管理及其治理机制,改革相应的管理体制。     

一种面向利益分析的政策研究方法

构建社会主义和谐社会,对政策制定的科学化和民主化提出了新的更高的要求,即必须更加重视各方利益的表达和协调,以实现共赢。本文在综合分析软科学和政策科学两个相对独立的学科现状的基础上,讨论当前政策研究在利益分析上存在的不足及其根源,指出政策研究需要超越先前主流的实证主义范式,发展面向利益分析的理论和方法。针对我国政策制定中利益分析和协调的现实需求,本文介绍了一种基于讨论式博弈和综合集成支持的公共政策实验方法(EPRM),论述了该方法的基本思路、运用过程和若干焦点问题。     

中国烟草行业体制改革研究

随着全球经济一体化的不断发展,中国烟草行业面临着内部和外部的双重挑战,承受着前所未有的竞争压力,行业体制改革势在必行。本文认为,由于烟草行业的特殊性,其体制改革需要拓展新的思路,在不能大幅度扩大产量和调整价格的情况下,应以节约各项生产成本及以经营管理中的交易成本为体制创新的主导思想,进而完善现有的烟草行业管理体制。     

STR data from S. Tomé e Príncipe (Gulf of Guinea, West Africa)

Allele frequencies for eight STRs (CD4, FES/FPS, MBPB, TH01, TP53, TPO, F13A1, VWA) were estimated from samples (sized between 279 and 328) of unrelated individuals born in S. Tomé e Príncipe (Gulf of Guinea, West Africa).     

STR data (AmpFlSTR Profiler Plus and GenePrint CTTv) from Mozambique

Allele frequencies for twelve STRs included in the AmpFlSTR Profiler Plus kit (D3S1358, VWA, FGA, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D5S818, D13S317 and D7S820) and GenePrint CTTv kit (VWA, TH01, TPO and CSF1PO) were estimated from a sample of 110 unrelated individuals from Mozambique.     

Chimpanzee homologous of human Y specific STRs. A comparative study and a proposal for nomenclature

Eleven Y specific microsatellites, previously studied in humans, were typed for fragment length and sequenced in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).The primers described by Ayub et al. (Nucleic Acids Res. 28, 2000, 2) for amplifying DYS434, DYS435, DYS436, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439 and those described by White et al. (Genomics, 57, 1999, 433) for GATA A10, A7.1, A7.2, C4, and H4, were used to amplify DNA samples from chimpanzees.Primers described for Y GATA A4 were found to amplify the same region as reported for DYS439. Moreover, the GATA A4 forward primer only matches the repeat flanking region in 14 of the 28bp, being responsible for a very weak amplification. Therefore, this system was not included in this study.The analysis of the repeat and sequence structure observed in chimpanzee and human Y chromosomes allowed evolutionary comparisons as well as the basis for improving Y STR nomenclature and therefore, a unified nomenclature for these novel STRs is proposed to the scientific community following ISFG recommendations.     

Theory of Land-Ocean Peaceful Cooperation: a Geopolitical Study of the Sustainable Security of One Belt One Road

The joint establishment of One Belt One Road is a practice of international cooperation initiated by China and actively participated by other countries. One of the important issues is how to ensure sustainable common security, and what kind of geopolitical theory should be employed for guidance. Traditional geopolitical theories, such as sea power theory, land power theory and Rimland theory, mainly serve for the fi ght for geopolitical hegemony or military strategy. They are in sharp contrast with the goal of One Belt One Road, which is of mutual interest and a win-win situation. However, One Belt One Road is still regarded by some countries from the traditional geopolitical perspective. To equip One Belt One Road with new geopolitical concepts, the author hereby proposes the theory of land-ocean peaceful cooperation, which is a non-alliance network community of common interests, security and destiny. This community would be established for mutual benefi ts, between ocean countries and land countries, among ocean countries and among land countries. It could help policy communication among participant countries of One Belt One Road, and the establishment of an open net-like system of peaceful operation and common development. The theory of land-ocean peaceful cooperation of sustainable security, together with the practice of international cooperation of One Belt One Road, will undoubtedly break through the vicious cycle of the Eurasian geographical fi ght and confrontation between sea powers and land powers illustrated by the traditional geopolitics.     

发展"社会经济" 构建和谐社会

“社会经济”是一种以社会效益最大化为宗旨,以第三部门为主体,通过吸纳弱势失业者在社区服务中就业,来提供相对小范围的、单一的公共或准公共物品的经济。它为西方国家在现代化和全球化进程中遇到的诸多社会问题提供了新的解决途径。我国要建设社会主义和谐社会,也十分有必要借鉴国外经验,培育社会经济,发挥其解决困难群体就业、促进福利体制改革和完善民间组织发展机制的作用。     

完善农村社会养老保险政府责任机制的探讨

新型农村社会养老保险制度的政府责任存在不少问题,表现在农民养老的历史债务偿还机制、农民参保激励机制、基础养老金调整约束机制、不同层级间政府财政责任约束机制、政府养老金最低待遇承诺机制和补偿机制度、隐形成本的化解机制缺失等方面,因此,需要构建政府责任供给机制,不断完善农村社会养老保险制度。     

灾害社会工作:现状、问题与对策——基于汶川地震灾区社会工作服务开展情况的调查

5.12汶川特大地震发生后,我国社会工作机构和工作者第一次大规模介入抗震救灾和灾后重建,在提升灾区自我发展、探索社会工作嵌入灾区发展的模式、推动社会工作机构的健康发展等方面取得了一些成绩。但是,灾区社会工作在合法性、保障性、长期性、规范性、有效性、发展性等方面都还存在问题,因此,应通过加强灾区社会工作的制度化建设,加大灾区社会工作的经费投入,促进灾区社会工作本土化。