司法鉴定机构执业条件评估标准（草案）

第一章总则 第一条为了保障司法鉴定执业能力,规范司法鉴定执业管理,根据《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于司法鉴定管理问题的决定》和有关法规、规章,制定本标准。     

干部教育培训内容与培训方法匹配关系研究

干部教育培训内容与方法相匹配是提高干部教育培训针对性和实效性的重要保证。课题组在深入调研的基础上,着重对政治理论、文化素养、政策法规、业务知识、通用能力、技能训练等干部教育培训内容的最佳匹配方法进行了实证分析,并提出了培训内容与方法匹配实践中应注意的一些问题。     

Influence of environmental variables on fear of crime: Comparing self-report data with physiological measures in an experimental design

Objectives

Self-reports and questionnaires have been the preferred research methods in the criminological field of “fear of crime” (FOC) since its rise in the 1960s. Our study had two main goals: (1) to measure the physiological indicators of fear in real time and (2) to compare these data with those obtained through self-reports, designed also to measure the emotion of fear.

Methods

An experimental study was conducted over the course of a week during late February 2016 in Aarhus (Denmark), in which the focus was on traditional environmental variables in the field of FOC (i.e., poor lighting conditions).

Results

Our results support the ideas that: (1) the absence of good luminosity in an open public space in an urban setting elicits physiological reactions of arousal that can be taken as indicators of experiences of fear and (2) heart rate appears to capture aspects of the emotion of fear that are not reflected in data obtained through self-report questionnaires.

Conclusions

This study, introducing a pioneering approach to the study of FOC, presents great potentials in complementing traditional methods in the crime sciences. The many challenges we faced are significant and reported with the hope that subsequent literature will build upon. We propose that traditional methods and new measurements could be combined to advance research in the field by allowing researchers to more unambiguously constrain the interpretation of their data. This becomes particularly relevant in a field like FOC, which has long suffered from irreconcilable results stemming from different investigations.

     

Forensic intoxication with clobazam: HPLC/DAD/MSD analysis

Clobazam (Castillium, Urbanil), a benzodiazepine often used as an anxiolytic and in the treatment of epilepsy, is considered a relatively safe drug. The authors present a fatal case with a 49-year-old female, found dead at home. She had been undergoing psychiatric treatment and was a chronic alcoholic. The autopsy findings were unremarkable, except for multivisceral congestion, steatosis and a small piece of a plastic blister pack in the stomach. Bronchopneumonia, bronchitis and bronchiolitis were also diagnosed. Anhigh-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/diode array detector (DAD)/mass spectrometry detection (MSD) with electrospray method was developed in order to detect, confirm and quantify clobazam in the post-mortem samples. In the chromatographic separation, a reversed-phase column C18 (2.1 x 150 mm, 3.5 microm) was used with a mobile phase of methanol and water, at a 0.25 ml/min flow rate. Carbonate buffer (pH 10.5) and 20 microl of prazepam (100 microg/ml) as internal standard were added to the samples. A simple and reliable liquid-liquid extraction method for the determination of clobazam in post-mortem samples was described. Calibration curves for clobazam were performed in blood, achieving linearity between 0.01 and 10 microg/ml and a detection limit of 1.0 ng/ml. The clobazam concentration found in post-mortem blood was 3.9 microg/ml, higher than the reported therapeutic concentration (0.1-0.4 microg/ml). The simultaneous acquisition by photodiode array detection and mass spectrometry detection results allowed benzodiazepines to be identified with sufficient certainty. An examination of all the available information suggested that death resulted from respiratory depression due to clobazam toxicity.     

当前城镇社区文化建设难点与对策的思考

社区文化是一定区域内的社会共同社所反映出来的有关人的行为方式、社会习俗、价值观念、思维定向、地域心态等文化现象的总和。当前城镇社区文化存在的主要问题是 :宣传工作不够 ,群众认识有待提高 ;主管部门不明确 ,各项关系尚未理顺 ;法律法规有待建立和健全 ;经费开支难以完全保障 ,建设水平参差不齐。针对这种现状 ,应从宏观和微观两方面来加强和改进城镇的社区文化建设。     

关于“两新”组织党组织和党员作用发挥的调查与思考

"两新"组织党组织和党员作用的发挥问题,是新时期非公党建工作中面临的一个重要课题.通过对珠海市部分"两新"组织的党组织和党员的问卷调查和实地访谈所得结果的分析,提出了解放思想,树立"服务、促进、引导"的党建工作理念;把扩大工作覆盖面作为实施固本强基工程的重要举措;多渠道筹措党建工作经费;在维护企业和职工合法权益方面有所作为等四个方面发挥党组织和党员作用的对策.     

Diffuse vascular injury in fatal road traffic accident victims: its relationship to diffuse axonal injury

The authors have reported a macro- and microscopic study of brain lesions in 120 victims of fatal road traffic accidents, independent of the survival time. Diffuse vascular injury (DVI) was found in 14 patients (11.7%). All patients with DVI died within 24 h after the accident. The 14 patients with DVI also showed severe (Grade 2 or 3) diffuse axonal injury (DAI). Since DVI is restricted to road traffic accidents and incompatible with life, the high frequency observed in our series could be explained by the fact that all 120 patients were victims of road traffic accidents, and 69.2% had died within 24 h after the accident. The association between DVI and severe DAI (Grades 2 and 3) suggests that both lesions depend on the same mechanism, with the degree of axonal and vascular damage being determined by the intensity of the head acceleration. Our results show a relationship between DVI and DAI that suggest there may be a spectrum or at least a continuum between these entities as distinct from DVI being a separate entity.