简论抗战之前的新生活运动

1934年蒋介石发起新生活运动 ,主要是为了配合武力上“剿共”,同时在一定程度上 ,也为抗日战争作精神准备。新生活运动以蒋介石重新解释之后的礼义廉耻为中心准则 ,同时吸取近代资本主义国家的某些公共道德和社会生活方面的某些精神文明 ,以整肃国民日常生活 ,改良社会风气 ,并以促成国民生活的军事化、生产化、艺术化为追求目标。新生活运动虽然在推行过程中派生出了一些值得肯定的效果 ,但是由于它公开回避了抗日问题 ,它所提倡的一些改良国民生活方式的规定 ,严重脱离中国实际 ,加之国民党官员对新生活运动的执行本身缺乏诚意 ,因此 ,新生活运动的实际效能与蒋介石的目标 ,相距甚远     

Classification of Opium by UPLC‐Q‐TOF Analysis of Principal and Minor Alkaloids

Opium is the raw material for the production of heroin, and the characterization of opium seizures through laboratory analysis is a valuable tool for law enforcement agencies to trace clandestine opium production and trafficking. In this work, a method for opium profiling based on the relative content of five principal and 14 minor opium alkaloids was developed and validated. UPLC‐Q‐TOF was adopted in alkaloid analysis for its high selectivity and sensitivity, which facilitated the sample preparation and testing. The authentic sample set consisted of 100 “Myanmar” and 45 “Afghanistan” opium seizures; based on the data set of the 19 alkaloid variables in them, a partial least squares discriminant analysis classification model was successfully achieved. Minor alkaloids were found to be vitally important for opium profiling, although combined use of both principal and minor alkaloids resulted in the best geographical classification result. The developed method realized a simple and accurate way to differentiate opium from Myanmar and Afghanistan, which may find wide application in forensic laboratories.     

湖北、浙江两省农村土地承包经营权流转市场差异性比较分析

农村土地承包经营权的流转,是农村经济发展的客观要求,是农业结构调整和农村劳动力转移的必然趋势。湖北、浙江两省在流转速度、流转推动主体、流转形式和流转土地功能等方面存在共性,而在流转市场发育程度、流转模式创新和政府力度等方面的差异性明显。为此,笔者建议:(一)选择适合本地实情的土地承包经营权流转模式;(二)培育土地承包经营权流转市场中介组织;(三)促进农村土地承包经营权依法流转;(四)促进农村社会保障体系建设。     

92式9毫米与勃朗宁9毫米手枪射击弹痕研究

QSZ92式9毫米手枪和勃朗宁9毫米手枪是发射同一种枪弹的两种枪支,文章通过实验观察这两种枪支射击弹头上的进膛痕迹、拔弹痕迹、坡膛痕迹和线膛痕迹的形态特征,统计分析了痕迹出现的位置和长度及宽度,对这两种枪支的射击弹头痕迹作了比较研究。     

Learning on the Go

<正>Mobile Internet-based coaching contributes to evolving education in China English learning remains very popular with Chinese people today,as the country has been increasingly integrated into the globalization process.Most Chinese families,with improving livelihoods,give priority to their     

从侵权角度看保险人的恶意拒赔——以美国保险法中的恶意侵权为例

在美国,保险人没有合理的基础却恶意地拒赔或拖赔被保险人的索赔时,可以适用恶意侵权责任对其进行规制。该责任是以合同中当事人应善意而公平交易的默示约定为基础的,它于合同之外而构成独立的侵权责任。恶意侵权责任最早见诸于第三方保险之中,其后扩展到第一方保险,表现为保险人将自己的利益凌驾于被保险人之上而拒绝赔付保险索赔或者拒绝与第三方原告进行和解,因而造成被保险人的损失。在责任范围上,恶意侵权责任包括保险金、律师费、精神损害赔偿和惩罚性赔偿等。尽管还没有得到完全一致的认可,但是保险人的恶意侵权责任在美国已经得到了长足的发展,对于我国实践也有借鉴意义。     

传统手工艺传承发展中的知识产权问题研究

随着非物质文化遗产保护工程的不断推进,与市场关系最为密切的传统手工艺的有关权利主体已愈来愈意识到知识产权在传统手工艺保护中的重要性,因此,运用著作权、专利权、地理标志权、商标权等知识产权权项来保护自己的传统手工艺的权利主体们逐渐增多,但实践中也暴露出诸如知识产权权项的选择、技术标准的制定、维权的艰难等一系列突出问题,必须采取恰当路径与模式为传统手工艺提供切实有效的知识产权保护。     

05式警用转轮手枪弹壳接触DNA检验方法的比较

目的比较05式警用转轮手枪弹壳表面接触性DNA检验方法,为实际检验提供参考和借鉴。方法制备40例击发后手枪弹壳的模拟样本,分别用两步转移法提取弹壳表面不同部位检材,采用两种DNA提取法和两种扩增试剂盒对样本进行STR分型检验,比较评价检验结果。结果避开发射药残留区域采用两步转移法提取样本,有助于提高检出率;Chelex-100联合Microcon-100法提取模板DNA的产量最高可达1.18ng,高于Mini M48试剂盒法(0.91ng);MiniFilerTM试剂盒的等位基因检出率(23.61%)高于IdentifilerTM试剂盒(6.41%)。结论采用选择适当区域提取检材,采用Chelex-100联合Microcon-100法提取DNA,经MiniFilerTM试剂盒扩增,进行弹壳接触DNA分型的效果较好。     

The application of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase II gene for the identification of forensically important blowflies in Western China

Blowflies found on human corpses are important for the estimation of the postmortem interval and other questions of forensic relevance. Some of these species are difficult to differentiate morphologically, and therefore a molecular method was elaborated for species identification. Here, we describe a molecular method for rapid identification of these insects. Specific insect DNA fragments were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction, followed by direct DNA sequencing of the amplification products. Analysis of the cytochrome oxidase II sequences revealed abundant phylogenetically informative nucleotide substitutions that could identify blowfly species to species group. In contrast, because of the low level of sequence divergence of sister species, the data could not distinguish among taxa from the same species group, ie, the species within the Lucilia sericata and Lucilia cuprina groups. The molecular data support the existing species group separation of the taxa within the Calliphora. Because of the speed and accuracy of current nucleotide sequencing technology and the abundant apomorphic substitutions available from mtDNA sequences, this approach enables quick identification of species used for estimation of postmortem interval.     

论清代的“违禁取利”罪

我国历史上许多朝代是通过法律手段来限制官府与民间通过借贷谋取暴利,维护正常的社会经济秩序,保护正常的借贷关系的.明律中出现"违禁取利"的罪名,清代,进一步在法律上调整借贷关系,在一定程度上促进了社会经济的发展.清代的借贷活动空前活跃,不仅存在着生活性和消费性借贷,也存在着生产性和经营性借贷,更存在着官吏、兵丁借贷,以及各种因官吏勒索及制度性缺陷而引起的借贷,而在"违禁取利"方面,统治者一味实施限制与打击,最终不但没有建立起他们期待的社会经济秩序,反而使朝廷失去经济控制能力,王朝的政治与社会发展受到严重的阻碍.