广义产权论的基本要义及价值追求

在现代产权体系中,"广义产权"是一个横向上"广领域",纵向上"多权能",内核里"四联动"的制度系统。广义产权论的价值追求在于为内涵型经济发展、社会公正、天人和谐和人的发展提供制度支撑。广义产权论还不成熟,应在借鉴的基础上逐步深化,在总结的基础上进一步升华。既要克服产权狭隘化,又要防止产权"泛化"。     

The international politics of air disasters: lessons for aviation disaster governance from Asia, 2014–2015

Abstract

Through a qualitative analysis of three air disasters from Asia in recent years—MH370, MH17 and QZ8501—this article investigates the puzzle of how aviation disasters open up a sovereign state’s domestic governance and foreign policy to international questioning within an anarchic international system. This enquiry thereby highlights the gaps in the global governance of aviation, particularly in the areas of safety and recovery in the wake of aviation disasters. Three linked literatures demonstrate this dynamic. First, aligned with the ‘emotional turn’ in international relations, we show that the portrayal of air disasters and grieving next of kin in global media highlights the politics of grief and trauma. Second, aviation disasters surface the politics of disaster diplomacy in the guise of ‘security competition by proxy’ in the recovery process. Third, we emphasize that these shortfalls in domestic governance and international cooperation demonstrated by the attention-grabbing spectacle of aviation disasters consequently underscore important knowledge, norms and compliance gaps in global aviation governance. Aviation disasters and their aftermath thus shine an international spotlight on the state’s domestic governance and foreign policies in these three manners.     

An Insider–Outsider Theory of Popular Tolerance for Corrupt Politicians

This article addresses the puzzle of electoral support for corrupt politicians in emerging democracies by examining citizens’ varying attitudes toward political corruption. We make an important theoretical distinction between perceptions of and tolerance for corruption, and argue that these different attitudes vary across individuals depending on whether they are political insiders or outsiders. We test our theory using Afrobarometer survey data from 18 sub‐Saharan African countries and find that individuals included within clientelistic networks simultaneously perceive corruption as ubiquitous and are more tolerant of malfeasance. Meanwhile, those individuals with partisan or ethnic ties to the incumbent are less likely to consider corruption as widespread. Finally, we explore whether variation in attitudes toward corruption influences citizens’ voting behavior, and find that insiders are less likely to “vote the rascals out.”     

蜂毒素诱导人T淋巴细胞白血病细胞株6T-CEM的凋亡作用

目的：探讨蜂毒素诱导人T淋巴细胞白血病细胞株6T－CEM的凋亡作用。方法：利用DNA断裂点标记法（TUNEL）、DNA凝胶电泳、活细胞拒染以及光镜方法研究6T－CEM细胞的凋亡。结果：5μg/ml蜂毒素作用4h及4μg/ml蜂毒素作用24h诱导6T－CEM出现明显的凋亡特征。结论：蜂毒素在杀伤6T－CEM的同时能明显诱导细胞凋亡。     

执政体制:制约、影响党的执政能力的枢机所在--加强党的执政能力建设重点问题论析

正确认识和把握党的执政体制与执政能力之间的关系,是确立和增强改革完善党的执政体制坚定性、自觉性的重要前提。从理论与实证相结合角度分析,党的执政体制的科学、合理性程度是制约、影响党的执政能力的关键和枢机所在。在加强党的执政能力建设的系统工程中,必须把党的执政体制的改革和完善纳入视野,作为其不可或缺的重要组成部分而予以高度关注。     

论检察机关正确适用宽严相济刑事政策

检察工作的每一个环节,包括职务犯罪侦查、审查逮捕、审查起诉和诉讼监督等各个方面,都要贯彻宽严相济刑事政策.正确理解、把握"有无逮捕必要",是审查批捕工作贯彻宽严相济刑事政策的关键.公诉工作一方面要坚持严厉打击严重刑事犯罪,另一方面要依法、慎重、大胆使用不起诉权;积极、规范适用刑事和解;依法、扩大适用简化审和简易程序.正确适用宽严相济刑事政策必须树立宽严相济的执法理念,加强工作机制建设,切实防止不良办案倾向.     

秘鲁与中国关系的发展

首先,请允许我衷心感谢中国社会科学院拉丁美洲研究所的盛情邀请。其次,我衷心祝贺它们提出举办这个论坛的动议。这次会议不仅对在中国设有使馆的拉美国家,而且对所有希望更深刻了解拉丁美洲、了解拉美政治、经济和社会现实的人们而言,都是十分重要而有意义的。中国社会科学院、尤其是拉丁美洲研究所,享有高度的学术声望,并在推动中国社会科学的发展中发挥着突出作用,这对秘鲁而言非常重要。正是由于中国社会科学院的重要地位,我国的各界人士,包括总统、部长、政界要员、外交使节和学者多次与贵院交流经验、观点和思想,以便了解我们的现实。…     

Application of Cameriere’s method for dental age estimation in children in South China

The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of Cameriere’s European formula for age estimation in children in South China and to adapt the formula to establish a more suitable formula for these children. Moreover, the performance of dental age estimation based on Cameriere’s method combining the developmental information of permanent teeth (PT) and third molar (TM) was also analysed. Orthopantomographs of 720 healthy children in Group A, and orthopantomographs of 320 children and 280 subadults in Group B were assessed. The samples of Group A were divided into training dataset 1 and test dataset 1, and the samples of Group B were also divided into training dataset 2 and test dataset 2. A South China-specific formula was established based on the training dataset 1, and the comparison of accuracy between the Cameriere’s European formula and the South China-specific formula was conducted with the test dataset 1. Additionally, a PT regression model, a TM regression model, and a combined regression model (PT + TM) were established based on the training dataset 2, and the performance of these three models were validated on the test dataset 2. The Cameriere’s European formula underestimated chronological age with a mean difference (ME) of −0.47 ± 1.11 years in males and −0.69 ± 1.19 years in females. However, the South China-specific formula underestimated chronological age, with a mean difference (ME) of −0.02 ± 0.71 years in males and −0.14 ± 0.73 years in females. Compared with PT model and TM model, the PT and TM combined model obtained the smallest root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.29 years in males and 0.93 years in females. In conclusion, the South China-specific formula was more suitable for assessing the dental age of children in South China, and the PT and TM combined model can improve the accuracy of dental age estimation in children.

Key points

• Orthopantomographs of 720 healthy children in Group A, and orthopantomographs of 320 children and 280 subadults in Group B were assessed.
• A South China-specific formula was established based on the training dataset 1, and the comparison of accuracy between the Cameriere’s European formula and the South China-specific formula was conducted with the test dataset 1.
• A PT regression model, a TM regression model, and a combined regression model (PT + TM) were established based on the training dataset 2, and the performance of these three models were validated on the test dataset 2.
• The South China-specific formula was more suitable for assessing the dental age of children in South China, and the PT and TM combined model can improve the accuracy of dental age estimation in children.

     

改革开放:中国共产党的一次伟大觉醒

改革开放是中国特色社会主义发展史上的一次伟大觉醒,是中华民族发展史上的一次伟大革命,这一伟大革命推动了中国特色社会主义事业的伟大飞跃。改革开放这一伟大觉醒是一个惊天动地的历史过程,在这一过程中,我们党经受住了重大考验,最终孕育了从理论到实践的伟大创造。     

Competition and cooperation in the natural gas market: a game-theoretic demand-base analysis

This paper aims to explore various possibilities in the evolving global gas market by constructing game-theoretical models involving the major players: Russia and Qatar exporting gas to the Asia-Pacific and Europe, respectively. We explore a series of hypothetical scenarios based on competitive and collusive settings for the Asia-Pacific LNG market and based on Qatar’s export route to the European gas market. The scenarios that are examined are (1) Russia as the follower and Qatar as the leader in a Stackelberg game; (2) Russia and Qatar as Cournot competitors; (3) collaboration between Russia and Qatar as bilateral monopolies; (4) Qatar exporting gas to European borders; (5) Qatar exporting gas to the last transit country; and (6) Qatar transporting gas to the Turkish border under a multi-pricing scheme. Demand is estimated under each scenario to simulate the respective export volumes, prices and quantities, and profit in each scenario. By exploring these market interactions, we find that it is essential for Russia to strike a deal with Qatar in the Asian market and accelerate their gas production in order to compete as an LNG market leader. Russia is likely to benefit more if it can link with Qatar to act as a monopoly on their segmental demand curve. On the other hand, Qatar’s profit is expected to be higher under the scenario when Qatar sells all the gas to the last transit country as the sole demand point instead of passing through transit countries.