论农民宪法权利平等保护的国家义务

农民宪法权利的完美实现必须以国家义务的合法有效履行为前提和核心。从横向上看,与农民宪法权利的多重权能面向相对应,国家对其依次负有尊重、保护和给付的宪法义务;从纵向上看,以上任何国家义务的履行都必须以平等保护为其核心议题。实现农民宪法权利的平等保护,国家不仅要树立“以人为本”、“公平至上”的宪法理念,同时还必须在此基础上设计出具体的平等保护路径。     

关于在法学本科教育阶段全面推行导师制的思考

本科生导师制作为国外大学高等教育普遍适用的制度,在我国高校却是一个较新的制度.虽然有些高校已尝试推行本科生导师制,但并未从整体上达成共识.在当今高等教育逐渐普及化与大众化的环境下,如何保证法学院校本科阶段学生的培养质量,培养和造就高规格、个性化和创新型人才,是法学院校的使命与灵魂所在.本文认为,要提高法学本科生培养质量,培养卓越法律人才,应该积极研究、探索法学本科生培养模式,保障法学本科生综合素质的提高,此乃在法学本科生中推行导师制的价值意义所在.     

《TRIPS协定》对知识产权行政保护的规定及其启示

《专利法》第四次修改草案突出强化专利行政保护力度,引发了学界对历来存在“去留之争”的知识产权行政保护制度的关注.反对者的一个重要理由就是《TRIPS协定》对知识产权行政保护的规定与态度不明确.经研究发现:《TRIPS协定》对该制度在整体上持积极肯定的“扬弃”态度;我国取消或者削弱知识产权行政保护制度应当受到《TRIPS协定》“不得减损已有知识产权保护水平”原则的制约;行政查处可成为目前我国知识产权行政保护制度的重心;《专利法》第四次修改草案增加行政裁决侵权赔偿纠纷的职能欠妥当.     

牛支原体诱导宿主免疫应答的研究进展

牛支原体(Mycoplasma bovis)是一种重要的兽医病原体,牛支原体感染给当前世界养牛业造成了重大的经济损失。本文从天然免疫、体液免疫和细胞免疫三个方面,对宿主感染牛支原体后的免疫应答特点进行了概括和讨论,可帮助我们更好地了解牛支原体与宿主的相互作用,也为合理地设计和研发有效的牛支原体感染防控技术提供参考。     

Congenital tetragametic blood chimerism explains a case of questionable paternity

Human chimerism is the presence of ≥ 2 cell populations in one person that contain genetic material from more than one zygote. Chimerism may be either acquired by transfusion or transplantation of donor cells, or congenital arising from embryo fusion or dizygotic twin-twin transfusion. We encountered a 4-year-old boy with developmental hip dysplasia whose preoperative (serologic) blood group was AB, but whose red cell agglutination was atypical ("mixed field") and caused us to study the patient's parents' ABO blood groups. Parental blood groups (AB and O) suggested possible nonparentage. An alternative explanation of the findings was that the child was chimeric or mosaic. Molecular cloning and genotyping of his ABO locus in leukocytes revealed two heterozygous genotypes: A102/O01 and B101/O01. Other loci, each of which possessed three distinct alleles, unambiguously showed transmission of two alleles from either the child's mother (e.g., HLA-A) or two alleles from the child's father (e.g., D8S1179). Findings indicate that the child is a tetragametic chimera.     

A novel skull registration based on global and local deformations for craniofacial reconstruction

Craniofacial reconstruction is important in forensic identification. It aims to estimate a facial appearance for human skeletal remains using the relationship between the soft tissue and the underlying bone structure. Various computerized methods have been developed in recent decades. An effective way is to deform a reference skull to the discovered skull, and then apply the same deformation to the skin associated with the reference skull to provide an approximate face for the discovered skull. For this method, the better the two skulls match each other, the more face-like the reconstructed skin surface will be. In this paper, we present a novel skull registration method that can match the two skulls closely, so as to improve the accuracy of the reconstruction. It combines both global and local deformations. A generic thin-plate spline (TPS)-based deformation, which is global, is applied first to roughly align the two skulls based on two groups of manually defined landmarks. Afterwards, the two skulls are largely matched, except some regions, on which some new landmarks are automatically marked. A compact support radial basis functions (CSRBF)-based deformation, which is local, will then be performed on these regions to adjust the initial alignment of the two skulls. Such adjustment can be repeatedly implemented until the two skulls have optimal alignment. In addition, all the skulls and face involved in the registration are represented by their single outer surfaces to facilitate the reconstruction procedure. The experiments demonstrate that our method can create a plausible face even when the reference skull is very different from the discovered skull. As a result, we can make full use of our database to provide multiple estimates for a principle components analysis (PCA) for the final reconstruction.     

能源立法模式与核心制度选择

拥有较为完备的能源立法是促进可持续发展与保障国家能源安全的重要制度基础。虽然就法律表现形式而言,我国的能源立法已初具规模,但就其内在逻辑关联与制度构建而言,仍有诸多问题有待厘清,因此制定一部统领整个能源法域的基本法已迫在眉睫。我国能源法应当在＂通则式＂、＂政策式＂和＂法典式＂为代表的三种国外能源基本法的立法模式中做出选择并应建立起包括能源规划、管理体制、市场监管、科技创新等制度在内的核心制度群落。     

用于法医学同一认定的额窦CT编码

目的 使用头颅CT图像重建冠状位鼻骨切面研究额窦观测指标,以编制特异的识别编码.方法 通过距离数值量和形态学描述对额窦CT图像进行分析.额窦同一认定识别编码为:右侧额窦部分隔数,形态一额窦中间隔位置,形态一左侧额窦部分隔数,形态;右侧额窦上缘弓形弯曲数(右侧最高峰位置,最低峰位置)-左侧额窦上缘弓形弯曲数(左侧最高峰位...     

排污权转让法律问题研究

排污权是近年来资源物权领域的一项新型制度设计,其确立的目的在于发挥市场机制对于资源配置的利导效用,通过排污权的有序转让,彰显环境容量资源的财产权属性,为环境保护增添一份制度选择。可见,排污权转让是排污权制度建立的目的和归宿。就性质而言,排污权转让是排污权脱离原权利人而归属于他人享有的法律现象,应与排污合同债权让与和排污指标买卖相区别;就要件而言,因排污权负载着多层次的环境公益因素,故转让行为需满足四项基础性原则的限制;就逻辑形式而言,排污权转让的法律媒介应为私法域的合同制度,但须附加一定程度的公法限制。     

城市化与上海青年就业

上海青年就业研究离不开城市视角,因为＂城市＂不仅是上海青年就业发生的地点或背景,它也是考察上海青年就业时必须纳入的因素和变量。日益严重的＂民工荒＂现象让我们深刻认识到,在研究青年普遍的就业行为时,必须将他们的这种社会流动置于＂城市＂中去理解和把握。