论侦查讯问人员语言自我形象的提高

讯问犯罪嫌疑人或询问证人的过程,是侦查讯问人员语言自我形象塑造的过程。侦查讯问人员语言形象、能力和语言风格,对侦查讯问或询问活动的成效具有最直接的决定作用。     

环境公益诉讼激励机制的法律构造——以传统民事诉讼与环境公益诉讼的当事人结构差异为视角

当事人结构对诉讼激励的法律构造有着决定性影响。诉讼当事人结构有表层结构和深层结构之分。在民事诉讼中,表层结构以当事人之间的对抗为其基本特征,决定着诉讼收益的有无;深层结构则表现为当事人在功能上的"三位一体",决定着诉讼收益的归属。二者共同作用,使得民事诉讼的激励机制内嵌于诉讼制度本身,激励着当事人的全部诉讼行为。环境公益诉讼当事人结构的差异,不仅表现在表层结构上从对抗走向协作,而且表现在深层结构上"三位一体"的破裂,从而形成社会公众、环境公益诉讼原告以及原告律师三者之间的双层委托代理关系,环境公益诉讼的激励困境由此产生。双层委托代理关系中高昂代理成本的存在决定了原告律师应成为环境公益诉讼的激励对象,而"败诉方负担规则"因同时具备正诉激励、滥诉预防与行为矫正三重功能而成为激励律师的最佳举措。     

HS-GC内标曲线法测定血中乙醇含量的不确定度评估

目的建立自动顶空-气相色谱(HS-GC)内标曲线法测定血中乙醇含量的不确定评估方法。方法从分析测定程序着手,依据不确定度评定的指导性文件,分析不确定度来源,量化不确定度分量,计算检测结果的合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定度。结果各相对不确定度来自于检材重复性检测为3.4%,乙醇标准溶液为0.71%,检材为0.61%,叔丁醇内标溶液为0.41%,标准曲线为1.1%,气相色谱仪为1.3%,血液中乙醇的相对扩展不确定度为3.9%。结论血液中乙醇含量的不确定度主要来源于检材重复性检测、气相色谱仪、乙醇标准曲线。     

"大数据杀熟"的政策应对:行为定性、监管困境与治理出路

在学理上讨论"大数据杀熟"问题应该首先厘清"大数据杀熟"中的正当价格歧视与价格违法行为.正当价格歧视在经济学上具有一定合理性,因为市场经济的核心机制是自由定价,应由供求关系决定价格,企业可以在合理的价格政策下设定价格.平台具有显著的信息和资源优势,平台自由定价时应该公开透明,杜绝价格欺诈、价格垄断等违法行为,保证消费者在自由意志下选择商品或服务.算法逐渐成为平台定价的重要工具,由于算法具有不可解释性、歧视性等潜在风险,平台利用算法时应该遵守合理的价格政策,加强对算法运用的规范.在平台治理中,商家、用户以及监管者都是重要参与方,解决"大数据杀熟"问题应实现监管机构、平台、用户三方共治,并在三方互动中寻求消费者保护与平台经济发展的平衡点.     

Moving Up the Value Chain in ICT: ASEAN Trade With China

The rise of China increased competition for foreign direct investment and exports for the ASEAN economies. It also increased ASEAN trade with China. But, are ASEAN countries able to move up the value chain in their trade with China? The objectives of this article are to examine upgrading in the information and communications technology (ICT) value chain through changes in the product quality of parts and components (PNC) exports from ASEAN to China and the influence of these changes on their ICT trade with China. The main findings indicate that there is little or no product upgrading in the most important SITC 776 sub-component of the PNC exports from the four major ASEAN economies (ASEAN-4) to China after 2005. It is also found that improvements in product quality are more apparent for SITC 772 but this product group constitutes a small share in total manufactured exports from the ASEAN-4 to China. Lastly, with little or no product upgrading, exporters from the ASEAN-4 have shifted to exports of non-PNC goods to China. This shift has enabled the overall ICT exports from the ASEAN-4 to China to continue to grow for the period of this study.     

Relatively Permanent Pigmented or Vascular Skin Marks for Identification: A Pilot Reliability Study

In child sexual exploitation offenses, the collected evidence images often show the skin of nonfacial body parts of the criminals and victims. For identification in this scenario, “relatively permanent pigmented or vascular skin marks,” abbreviated as RPPVSM, were recently introduced as the basis for a novel biometric trait. This pilot study evaluated the interexaminer variability of RPPVSM identification. Four dermatology physicians were recruited to examine RPPVSM from 75 skin images collected from a total of 51 Caucasian and Asian subjects. The images were separated into 50 reference (“suspect”) images and 25 evaluation (“evidence”) images. The examiners were asked to perform identification by annotating RPPVSM in each of the 25 evaluation images and matching them with the reference images. The rate of misidentification was 0% while the mean rate at which examiners failed to find a match was 6%, indicating the potential of dermatology physicians performing the role of RPPVSM examiners.     

Stability studies of ALD-52 and its homologue 1P-LSD

With the emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPSs) over the years, the substances detected on stamps (also known as blotter papers) have also evolved from the traditional drug—lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) to the multiple variants of lysergamides such as ALD-52 and 1P-LSD. The analysis of such blotter papers is usually done by solvent extraction followed by identification using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). This study has shown that hydrolysis to form LSD was observed in GC-MS analysis when ALD-52 was extracted with methanol. The extraction of ALD-52 using other solvents such as acetonitrile, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, and acetone, followed by GC-MS analysis, was investigated. It is shown that alcoholic solvents such as methanol and ethanol will result in the conversion of ALD-52 to LSD during GC-MS analysis, whereas the sterically hindered isopropyl alcohol will prevent this conversion. Investigation also shows that the hydrolysis of ALD-52 to LSD occurs at the GC injector port. It was also observed that the degree of hydrolysis was more pronounced at a lower concentration (0.1 mg/mL). The study was extended to a close analog—1P-LSD, and the results showed that 1P-LSD similarly hydrolyzes to LSD. However, 1P-LSD was observed to be more stable than ALD-52 due to steric hindrance because of the propanoyl group.     

浅论挪用公款罪的相关问题

"归个人使用"是挪用公款罪客观方面的一个必备要件。但是关于这一要件的内涵,在刑法理论界和实务界曾经存在过较大争议。虽然我国对挪用公款罪的规定较为明确,并针对某些具体问题作出了较为详细的解释,但由于现实情况的复杂性和立法的滞后性,在具体的司法实践中对法条和司法解释的使用和解释还是大有商榷余地的。在某些具体的案例中如果不进行严密的推理就极易在定罪上产生偏差,其结果就是相关法益得不到立法所期望的保护。     

大学生对夫妻家庭角色内隐刻板印象的研究

内隐联想测验(IAT)揭示出当代大学生对夫妻在家庭中所扮演的角色存在着一定的内隐偏见。大学生普遍认为,丈夫在家庭生活中具有支配地位,而妻子则更趋向于顺从;丈夫具有理性优势,而妻子则相对比较感性。大学生对夫妻双方家庭角色的刻板印象并无性别差异且不受相关家庭环境的影响,如父母受教育程度、父母家庭教养方式等。     

毛泽东实践哲学的和谐观探析——兼与西方理论哲学的和谐思想之比较

毛泽东受益于中国传统文化的滋养和马克思主义哲学的影响,在长期革命和建设的实践中形成了独具特色的实践哲学的和谐观.这种和谐观以一种不同于西方理论哲学的理路,对和谐的内在意蕴作了深刻的阐释,认为和谐是一种建立在互动关系之上的动态的平衡和多元的包容.通过与囿于西方理论哲学框架中的和谐思想的比较,凸显了毛泽东实践哲学和谐观的学理价值和意义.