A generalization of the obligation to prevent: From genocide convention to racial discrimination convention

The decision of the International Court of Justice in the case concerning the application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (“Genocide Convention”) highlights states’ obligations under the Convention, especially the obligation to prevent. When it comes to the case concerning the International Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (“Racial Discrimination Convention”), the decision of the Court indicating provisional measures seemingly purported to generalize its jurisprudence in the Genocide Case. By elaborating this kind of new jurisprudence, the Court echoed to the responsibility to protect, as well as to Article 48 and Article 54 of the Draft Articles on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts (“Draft Articles of State Responsibility”). It appears that each State Party should have an obligation to intervene in the coming genocide incidence, perhaps as well as in the coming racial discrimination cases. Nevertheless it is unclear in what manner a state could implement it effectively.     

东北抗日联军的文化工作--纪念抗战胜利六十周年系列文章之十

东北抗日联军的文化工作是东北抗日联军在抗日斗争中提高部队文化水平,活跃部队生活,增强战斗力的重要活动措施。东北抗日联军在极其艰苦的斗争中十分重视文化工作,这对团结教育抗联部队,团结教育人民群众起了巨大作用。抗联的文化工作是抗联英勇斗争的闪光篇章。创办革命报刊创办革命报刊是各地党组织和军队领导人十分重视的一项工作。在南满游击区,曾先后编辑出版了《东边道反日报》、《东边道反日画报》、《人民革命军报》、《列宁旗》、《青年义勇军》、《救国青年》、《东北公众义勇画报》等多种报刊。这些报刊的内容很丰富,有党的文件…     

东北的抗日统一战线--东北抗日游击战争系列之六

东北抗日统一战线是中国共产党领导的东北抗日联军同各抗日武装、团体和一切可以团结的力量结成的联盟.它是中国抗日民族统一战线和国际反法西斯统一战线的重要组成部分,对推动东北抗战的发展和夺取中国抗战的胜利起了重要的作用.     

浅析法国外资法对完善我国外资法的几点启示

一、法国外资法简介法国自60年代吸引外商直接投资以来,以前对境外投资限制比较严格,手续也比较繁多。近年来已经大为改进,其投资环境较为完善,相应的外商直接投资法规定也比较成熟,目前是欧洲吸引外资最多的国家之一。即使在2001年世界各国大多受经济放缓和企业并购案减少的影响,外商直接投资下降的情况下,法国吸引的外资仍有增无减。外资占法国国内生产总值的比重不断上升,外资在法国国民经济中的作用越来越重要。自法国60年代吸引外资以来,调整法国吸引外资的法律文件有1966年第66-1008号法、1989年第89-938号政令、1996年第96-117号政令…     

日本律师联合会关于律师山根二郎的惩戒处分决定

<正> 日本律师联合会惩戒委员会(矶部靖为委员长)接受东京地方裁判所所长关于惩戒律师山根二郎(属于东京第二律师会)的申请,做出以"损害所属律师会威信,影响律师会声誉"为理由,给予停止律师业务活动四个月的惩戒处分决定,并于1979年11月10日将决定书送交山根本人。这个决定由于是     

个人或社会：民国时期法律本位之争

<正>个人与社会或个人本位与社会本位,确切地说个人权利与社会利益,在法律当中究竟应该占有怎样的地位,这种本位说,在当前的法律理论中,不再是一种流行的表述方式,但在民国时期的法律理论中,却是一个非同寻常的问题。无论这个问题是否依然值得关注,     

从宪定权利到法定权利——我国农村居民最低生活保障制度建立情况调查

目前我国农村居民最低生活保障制度的建立大致分为三种情况:建立城乡一体化的低保制度、实行最低生活保障城市和农村双轨制、城市居民最低生活保障和农村特困户救助并行。农村低保制度与城市低保制度在救济内容、方式、标准、周期及资金来源等方面都有较大差别。我国农村居民最低生活保障制度建设存在法律规范缺失、东西部发展不平衡、制度执行情况不尽如人意、施恩观念依然存在以及资金不足、来源渠道不畅等问题。完善农村低保制度应从以下方面着手:通过立法明确政府救助义务、采取积极措施确保资金来源、实行城乡一体化的最低生活保障制度、理清最低生活保障制度和各项专项救助的关系、细化最低生活保障标准并明确保障标准的确立原则。     

人道尺度与历史尺度的生成性统一--马克思主义理论系统语境中的唯物史观实质

人道尺度与历史尺度的统一,是马克思唯物史观的实质。对唯物史观之生成的理解,必须回归到马克思哲学-经济学-社会主义三位一体的学术系统中去;对唯物史观之功能的理解,则应当区分哲学方法和历史科学两个维度。     

Hong Kong triads after 1997

This paper reports on triad activities in Hong Kong from 1997 to 2004. In opposition to the popular view that mass triad migration to Western countries would occur around the period when Hong Kong was turned over to Mainland China in 1997, what has actually happened is that in the last decade Hong Kong triad members have increasingly been found to enter the Chinese market. There are three general trends of triad activities in Hong Kong. First, triad members from various societies group together to run profitable criminal projects. Second, they team up with legitimate entrepreneurs to monopolize a newly developed market. Lastly, triad members increasingly invest in legitimate businesses. Sun Yee On, Wo Shing Wo, and 14K are selected to be three case studies that illustrate the latest development of triad societies. The data for this paper are largely based on the author's research on triads in the last ten years, and on recent in-depth interviews with anti-triad police officers and different informants in Hong Kong.