Fiscal Decentralization and Natural Disaster Mitigation: Evidence from the United States

How decentralized government structure influences public service delivery has been a major focus of debate in the public finance literature. In this paper, we empirically examine the effect of fiscal decentralization on natural disaster damages across the U.S. states. We construct a unique measure of decentralization using state and local government expenditures on natural resources, which include investment in flood control and mitigation measures, among others. Using state‐level panel data from 1982 to 2011, we find that states that are more decentralized in natural resource expenditures have experienced more economic losses from floods and storms. This effect is only pronounced in states that are at higher risks of flooding. Our findings suggest that fiscal decentralization may lead to inefficient protection against natural disasters and provide implications for the assignment of disaster management responsibilities across different levels of government in the U.S. federal system.     

检察量刑建议程序之建构

检察机关的量刑建议程序能够确保量刑规范化工作的深入、有序开展.构建检察量刑建议程序有利于行使公诉权,有利于强化法律监督,有利于实现司法公正,有利于加强人权保障,有利于促进国际司法准则的协调.为此,应从建议主体、范围、方式、时机、内容和效力等方面建构检察量刑建议程序.     

预防和惩治恐怖主义:外国刑法立法的新趋势

2001年"9·11"事件后.恐怖主义在世界范围内迅速泛滥,犯罪形式也呈现新的发展特点.为加大预防和惩治恐怖主义的力度,世界各国纷纷加强刑法立法工作.随着反恐怖斗争的深入开展,外国刑法立法体现了由偏重经验立法向偏重超前立法的转变;由偏重客观主义向偏重主观主义的转变;由偏重政治刑法观向偏重社会刑法观的转变;由偏重人权保障向偏重社会保护的转变.     

Work redesign in development perspective: An empirical study of multitasking among civil servants in Malawi

Civil servants in many developing countries are increasingly faced with multitask situations at work to improve the efficiency of public sectors. Although multitasking might boost employee productivity, its potentially negative impact on other areas of employees’ lives has been ignored. Drawing upon the conservation of resources theory, our research aims to investigate whether, how, and when multitasking at work decreases the subjective well-being of employees in the public sector. Using a two-wave survey of 164 civil servants in Malawi, our findings showed that multitasking at work was positively related to employees’ negative affect and negatively related to their satisfaction with life and positive affect through emotional exhaustion. Moreover, the study found that polychronicity, which refers to one's preference to handle more than one task at the same time, moderated the relationship between multitasking and emotional exhaustion, such that the association described above was weaker when an employee's polychronicity was higher. Finally, the indirect impact of multitasking on positive affect through emotional exhaustion was also moderated by polychronicity. These findings provide some theoretical and managerial implications for public sector in developing countries on how to focus on employee well-being while using multitasking work design.     

中国与欧洲公众环境参与权的比较研究

公众参与权的保障与实现程度直接关系着民主决策的科学性和有效性,关系着全面建设社会主义现代化国家的进程。针对环境问题而言,如何从法律理论与实践两个层面更有效地回应公众的“参与权”,值得深入研究。相较而言,欧洲的相关法律制度走在世界前列,从纵向发展的视角来看,中国和欧洲在保障公众环境参与权的进程以及所面临的挑战方面有着相似之处,欧洲经验对我国有着极其重要的借鉴作用。中国和欧洲公众环境参与权有着不同的理论基础、历史发展进程、参与范围、参与层次、参与阶段以及支持者。基于这些相似性和不同点,立足于中国的具体国情和实际,欧洲公众环境参与权保障法律机制能为我国解决类似挑战提供一些可能路径。     

坚定信心继往开来推动城市建设管理工作再上新高

北京市房山区市政管理委员会系统有16个职能科室和8个基层单位,共有干部职工1100人,担负着房山、良乡两城的公共基础设施建设与园林、环卫、供热、市政、市容、燃气等行业管理,以及全区城乡环境综合整治、新农村建设、农村改水与改厕等指导管理工作.     

人民币汇率争端与中美经贸摩擦

汇率,又称为汇价,是一国与多国发生贸易、非贸易等交往时本国货币与他国货币之间进行折算的比率.随着世界经济的发展,各国之间贸易的频繁发生,汇率作为经济杠杆关系着国家的对外经济关系是否稳定、对外贸易的发展是否持续以及国际收支基本平衡能否得以实现,在该国的国民经济中起着极其重要的作用.     

论毛泽东新民主主义文化观中“文化大众性”思想及其现实意义

毛泽东新民主主义文化观中＂文化大众性＂思想指明了新民主主义文化发展的方向、动力、目的和宗旨等文化发展的重大问题。在社会主义文化建设时期,坚持文化发展为了人民,文化发展依靠人民,文化发展成果由人民共享,是对毛泽东新民主主义文化观中＂文化大众性＂思想的丰富和发展,对于建设社会主义文化强国,促进社会主义文化大发展和大繁荣具有重要的启示和现实意义。     

党政领导人才能力模型解构新论

打破传统的能力结构模型,从以能为本的现代管理理念出发,深入分析德、心、体、绩等方面与能力的内在关系和本质联系,重新建立新型人才能力模型,并设计包含五个维度的干部能力评价指标体系,全面系统地对人才能力结构进行深层解析与定量评价,能为我们全面准确地考核选拔人才提供科学的方法手段.     

试论毒品检验在禁毒中的情报作用

禁毒离不开情报 ,情报工作是禁毒工作中的重要组成部分 ,对禁毒工作起着信息支持作用 ,对打击毒品犯罪具有举足轻重的作用。毒品检验是刑事科学技术工作的组成部分 ,是揭露和证实毒品犯罪的重要技术手段 ,在禁毒斗争中具有十分重要的情报作用。本文研究介绍几种毒品检验方法和特点 ,以论证毒品检验在禁毒工作中的情报作用