“90后”大学生酌马克思主义信仰现状与教育对策研究——基于河南省洛阳市三所高校的实证调查

党的十六届六中全会上明确提出要建设社会主义核心价值理论体系,其灵魂就是要坚持马克思主义的指导地位。然而,目前部分“90后”大学生在信仰方面存在着理解偏差、理性不足、宗教情结蔓延、马克思主义信仰不坚定等问题,究其原因是学习行为功利性、理论认知错位性、价值判断片面性。增强“90后”大学生的马克思主义信仰教育时效性的基本策略在于：坚持“理论性”与“现实性”互渗,更加强调“实效性”性;坚持“课内”与“课外”相统一,更加强调课外教育：坚持“传统教育手段”与“新兴教育手段”兼顾,更加突出新媒体教育;坚持学校教育、家庭教育、社会教育相结合,更加注重整合力。     

政治参与行为对政治效能感的影响——基于浙江省闾村基层民主选举投票的实证调研

在关于政治参与影响政治效能感的研究中,国外学者发展出了＂工具说＂、＂发展说＂和＂结果说＂三种解释框架。虽然三种解释不尽相同,但学者普遍认为积极的政治参与对政治效能感有一定的正面影响,尽管影响的因素、程度和范围存在不同。本文基于浙江省闾村实证调研,发现选举式的参与活动（参与投票、参与竞选活动、投票给当选者、参与当选者的助选活动）均未能显著影响政治效能感和村民效能感。甚至在村民的投票行为与主观期望的结果相一致时（投票给当选者、参与当选者的助选活动）,亦未能发现其对效能感的显著影响。     

大治安精要

维稳——社会治安（社会管理）综合治理的大智慧,务在持有大治安理念。大治安,外延含超公安管理、社会治安、安邦定国。认知与践行大治安,务要寻觅大治安之线索,掌控大治安之精要,具体则需先洞悉大治安之内容,继把握大治安之关键,再驾驭大治安之格局。大治安之内容是：大治安是大系统;大治安是大团圆;大治安是大智慧。大治安之关键是：以大目标寻求大系统;以大亲情寻求大团圆;以大学识寻求大智慧。大治安之格局是：官、民、匪组成的社会治安防控主体三角;帮、静、治组成的社会治安防控方法三角;后（社会治安问题发生之后）、中（社会治安问题发生之中）、前（社会治安问题发生之前）组成的社会治安防控客体三角。     

Genetic and chemical components analysis of Papaver setigerum naturalized in Korea

Of the 110 species of genus Papaver, only Papaver somniferum and P. setigerum are controlled poppies in Korea. All poppy samples share similar morphology therefore it is important to check if they contain controlled substances such as morphine and codeine for forensic purpose. Since the alkaloid content of Papaver plants varies according to their growing stage, chemical components analysis alone is not enough to identify exact species. In 2010, hundreds of poppy plants suspected to be P. somniferum were found in Jeju Island, South Korea. They had a slightly different but overall similar appearance to P. somniferum. Using GC-MS analysis, codeine, rhoeadine, papaverine, protopine, noscapine, setigeridine and trace amounts of morphine were detected in these samples. Although their chemical components were different from what has been described in literatures for P. setigerum, they could be assumed to be P. setigerum based on their morphological features and GC-MS results. Also, chromosome numbers using their seeds showed 2n=44 and the numbers were in accordance with those of P. setigerum. Nucleotide substitution or insertion/deletion of ITS (internal transcribed spacer), 18S rRNA (ribosomal RNA), rbcL (large subunit of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase), trnL-trnF IGS (intergenic spacer), trnL intron and psbA-trnH were assessed as universal genetic markers for P. setigerum. Also, genetic analysis using six target genes involved in the biosynthesis of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, including TYDC (tyrosine/dopa decarboxylase), SAT (salutaridinol-7-O-acetyltransferase), BBE (berberine bridge enzyme), COR (codeinone reductase), CYP80B1 ((S)-N-methylcoclaurine 3'-hydroxylase) and NCS (norcoclaurine synthase) were tested as Papaver-specific genetic markers by the existence of their PCR products. From the results, the sequences of the 6 universal genetic markers and 6 Papaver-specific genetic markers for P. setigerum were identified and then Genbank accession numbers of them were registered in NCBI. Also, the trnL intron and psbA-trnH nucleic acid sequences of the 7 Papaver species were identified and registered.     

论哈萨克族传统医药的知识产权保护

哈萨克族传统医药发展至今,受到了各级政府部门的高度重视和关注,哈萨克族传统医药的知识产权保护水平也逐步提高,保护手段日趋走向正轨。随着社会的需求和认可,尚处于需要进一步采取知识产权法律保护措施,促进其创新。     

环境犯罪证明方法研究

环境犯罪行为迥异于一般的犯罪行为,尤其是对于污染型环境犯罪行为,确定犯罪行为与损害结果之间的因果关系相当困难。对此,国外产生了推定因果关系存在的各种理论与学说。我国现行法律规定的犯罪证明方法在环境犯罪的认定上存在着缺陷,针对我国环境犯罪案发率高但因果关系证明难度大这一现实矛盾,有必要借鉴国外相关立法,对环境犯罪适用的因果关系确定推定方法,以彰显刑法对环境资源、人身权及财产权的保护功能,实现人类社会的可持续发展。     

制度有效性测度解析——基于制度经济学的视角

如何确定制度的有效性是制度经济学必须回答的问题。文章提出制度有效性的判定原则应包括制度的效率、制度的正义性和制度的增益性三个方面,并根据经济学的分析原理建构了一个界定制度有效性的测度模型。通过对制度有效性的研究,使我们对于制度内涵的把握和理解更加深刻。     

Application of Micro‐Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy to Ink Examination in Signatures Written with Ballpoint Pen on Questioned Documents

Questioned documents examined in a forensic laboratory sometimes contain signatures written with ballpoint pen inks; these signatures were examined to assess the feasibility of micro‐attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy as a forensic tool. Micro‐ATR FTIR spectra for signatures written with 63 ballpoint pens available commercially in Korea were obtained and used to construct an FTIR spectral database. A library‐searching program was utilized to identify the manufacturer, blend, and model of each black ballpoint pen ink based upon their FTIR peak intensities, positions, and patterns in the spectral database. This FTIR technique was also successfully used in determining the sequence of homogeneous line intersections from the crossing lines of two ballpoint pen signatures. We have demonstrated with a set of sample documents that micro‐ATR FTIR is a viable nondestructive analytical method that can be used to identify the origin of the ballpoint pen ink used to mark signatures.     

论民事诉讼当事人逾期举证的法律后果

逾期举证的法律后果是整个举证时限制度的核心。新修订的《民事诉讼法》增加了举证时限制度,并规定了责令当事人说明逾期理由,再由法官决定采纳逾期证据或证据失权的法律后果,但这样规定仍存在问题。出于对程序公正兼实体公正的保障,逾期举证的法律后果应以证据失权为原则,采纳逾期证据为例外。采纳逾期证据的同时,应当对逾期当事人予以费用制裁。     

参事室制度研究--致力于推进政治文明建设的思考

参事室是党的统一战线的重要组成部分,是政府中唯一以民主党派和无党派爱国人士为主体的、具有统战性、咨询性的工作部门,为推进我国的社会主义民主政治建设,加强政府决策的科学化、民主化做出了积极的贡献。新形势下,参事室的现实作用与功能定位需要在“三个代表”重要思想的指引下,进一步发展和完善。