论人体生殖系基因编辑行为的刑法应对——兼评贺建奎“基因编辑婴儿”案

在我国现有的刑法体系下,虽然能用"非法行医罪"应对贺建奎式的"基因编辑婴儿"问题,但是仍然存在"难以应对医生实施的人体生殖系基因编辑行为""难以处罚通过人造子宫生产基因编辑婴儿行为"等处罚漏洞。纵观世界各主要国家的相关规制模式,禁止生殖系基因编辑的临床应用行为已基本上成为人类共识,只是禁止程度各有不同。为加强我国对人体生殖系基因编辑行为的规范引导,有必要增设以"人类遗传安全"为法益保护内容的刑事规定。但基于刑法的谦抑性要求与促进科学技术发展的目的,无需禁止基础研究型人体生殖系基因编辑活动。     

房地产市场风险的测度研究——基于35个大中城市的实证分析

提高防范化解重大风险的能力是推动经济高质量发展的必然要求。客观识别房地产风险影响因素,科学评价房地产市场风险,对促进房地产市场平稳健康发展具有重大意义。本文围绕新时代高质量发展这个前提,挖掘具有代表性的评价指标,运用主成分分析法从房地产开发风险、融资风险、价格风险、库存风险、城市环境风险五个维度科学构建房地产风险指数,并对35个大中城市的房地产风险进行了实证分析。运用综合指数测度风险可对房地产风险监测提供支持,并对房地产调控思路提出新的政策建议。     

中央政府推进城乡关系协调发展的注意力配置研究——基于21份中央一号文件文本的分析

城乡失衡不利于经济社会的可持续性发展,处理好城乡关系关乎社会主义现代化建设全局。中央政府的城乡政策是城乡关系发展的关键驱动因素。文章以21份中央一号文件为样本,通过文本量化分析测量中央政府推进城乡关系发展的注意力配置。研究发现,20世纪80年代以来中央政府城乡关系的注意力强度呈现出波动中上升的特征。中央政府城乡关系注意力变迁经历了旨在缩小差距的城乡双向互动阶段、城乡统筹的一体化阶段与城乡融合的耦合发展阶段,注意力指向经历了从早期重点关注城市支援农村-统筹城乡发展-城乡基本公共服务均等化的注意力配置的嬗变过程。同时,注意力向度范围逐渐扩大,尤其向基本公共服务领域转移。     

论人工智能时代法律正义的正当分配

人工智能时代的人类面临人工智能歧视、主体自由失落和人文精神衰退等现代性困境。为此,必须从法律实用主义思想中解放出来,增强主动性,重视前瞻性"未来法"的建设。传统的"个体正义"在这一时代面临挑战,人的"类本质"和人工智能的"类特性"催生出"类正义",助力于走出"人类中心主义"。实现法律正义的正当分配迫切需要重拾正义的平等、互惠和理性等内在本质,保持开放包容心态,尊重正义观的多样性,以破解现代性难题,实现人类社会可持续发展。     

Discrimination of phenethylamine regioisomers and structural analogues by Raman spectroscopy

In this study, the Raman spectra of 21 phenethylamines were obtained using far‐red excitation (785 nm). The distinguishing ability of Raman for phenethylamines, especially for phenethylamine regioisomers and structural analogues, was investigated. Here, the evaluation of a cross section of Raman spectra demonstrated that all types of phenethylamines were distinguishable, even for certain structural analogues with high spectrum similarity. Raman exhibited high distinguishing ability for phenethylamine regioisomers that differ in the substitution position of halogen, methoxy, alkyl, or other substituted groups; as well as for structural analogues containing different groups, such as furanyl, 2,3‐dihydrofuranyl, halogen, and alkyl substituted at the same position. The Raman spectra for homologues with differences in only a methyl group were found to be highly similar; however, their spectra demonstrated small but detectable differences. Four analogue mixtures and 59 seized samples were also analyzed to study the practical use of the Raman method in forensic field. 95% of the seized samples were correctly identified, which significantly validated the ability of Raman method in identifying the correct isomers. Accordingly, this study provides a non‐destructive, high‐throughput and minimal sample preparation technique for the discrimination of phenethylamines.     

解惑大学生就业难:基于需求导向的思考

功利主义大学观和功利主义就业观有其存在的需求基础,大学生就业难在很大程度上是由个体经济理性选择导致的集体行动悖论。因此,应从现代大学生以及用人单位的需求出发,不断扩大大学的投融资渠道;加强与用人单位在人才培养、教学实践以及专业能力考察和认证上的合作;根据用人单位的需求制定大学生就业发展规划,并将其融入大学生的整个培养过程,促进"大学生学业"的能力而非功利导向;推进"大学生就业"的发展和规划导向而非简单模仿的集体行动导向。     

The Dawn of an Asian Century?

<正>An era dominated by the world's two largest developing economies is far from a mere pipedream In 1988,when Deng Xiaoping met the then Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi,the former said that only when China and India have achieved prosperity can we call it an Asian century.Now this finally looks to be on the horizon.Before concluding his first China visit after taking office,Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi stressed that he believes that the 21st century belongs to Asia while     

The Global Strategic Situation in 2014: A Turbulent Year

The author considers that 2014 was a year of confusion and disorder. The world experienced a series of destabilizing events: global geopolitical tensions further intensified with the endless conflicts in Ukraine, the Islamic State emerged in force; West Africa saw an Ebola outbreak; and oil prices plummeted. We will not be able to extricate ourselves out of this chaos unless we can transform the existing flawed global order and rules. The U.S. and other big powers should take up more responsibilities and play a more constructive role in global governance.     

最高人民法院在合宪性审查中的现状、困境与出路——兼对我国《立法法》第99条第1款解释

我国《立法法》预设了最高人民法院提请全国人大常委会进行合宪性审查的路径。从现有裁判文书来看,最高人民法院在实践中并未遵循我国《立法法》所预设的路径,而是在绝大多数案件中回避了合宪性审查诉求,同时又在个别案件中进行了合宪性审查,陷入了完全回避与直接审查的两难困境。造成这种困境的原因在于,我国《立法法》对最高人民法院在合宪性审查中的权力基础、权力行使程序缺乏清晰的规定。对此,亟待通过法律解释进行明确和细化,否则最高人民法院将无章可循,无法贸然提请全国人大常委会进行合宪性审查。为了化解最高人民法院面对的这一困境,有必要对我国《立法法》第99条第1款进行解释,推导出该条款在授予最高人民法院提请审查权时,还隐含着另一项未被释明的权力即预审权,其共同构成最高人民法院在合宪性审查中的权力基础;同时,为了使预审权与提请审查权的行使制度化,有必要对其行使程序进行细化,建立起预审-提请审查机制。