“泛珠三角”区域合作在中国—东盟自由贸易区中的作用

泛珠三角区域合作是2003年在国家的指导下由广东省倡导的南方9省区和香港、澳门特别行政区共同推动的地区性合作。泛珠三角区域合作自诞生之日起就具有国际化色彩,它与中国—东盟自由贸易区(CAFTA)的建立有着密切的关系。泛珠三角区域合作是实现CAFTA的桥头堡,是中国与东盟共同发展、合作互利的路径选择。泛珠三角区域合作有利于中国与东盟的产业结构调整,对加速中国经济发展、实现区域合作有着重要的意义。     

文化意象视角下的语言相对主义

语言相对主义是萨丕尔—沃尔夫假说中的一部分,是关于语言、思维和文化之间关系的论述。基于这一理论,本文提出:语言相对主义本质上是一种多元文化理论,它实际上代表了语言研究中的人文主义传统,是一种以人类学、社会学为本的语言理论。从文化意象的视角来研究语言相对主义给这一理论注入了新的活力和提供了更强的解释力。     

东南亚五国宏观调控有效性及其经济增长动力分析——基于蒙代尔—弗莱明模型

在凯恩斯理论框架下,本文根据东南亚五国经济运行基本状况运用蒙代尔-弗莱明模型对其从1970年至今的经济运行做了数量实证.随后对宏观调控政策的有效性进行了理论分析,并引入VAR模型对分析进行了验证,实证认为:适度宽松的财政和货币政策、降低利率、增加政府支出、发展国际贸易以及扩大总供给是拉动经济增长的有效手段.     

北约介入阿富汗战争前景浅析

北约介入阿富汗战争是其走出地区实践全球化职能的一次大规模行动。北约联军现已深陷阿富汗战争泥潭,急欲寻找出路。然而,尽管北约成员国正按盟主美国的退出战略积极行动,试图采用政治、经济、军事手段并举的方式,在完成战略安排后从阿富汗全身而退,但阿富汗问题已经积重难返,不可能在短期内解决。北约联军在阿富汗的民心取向、阿富汗政府的治理能力、阿富汗安全部队的素质,以及北约在阿富汗的撤军时间表及相关的过渡性安排,均存在不利因素或不确定因素,这使得北约联军的阿富汗战争将无取胜可能,只是争取体面撤军问题。     

负载灭活口蹄疫病毒树突状细胞活化CD8+T细胞的非蛋白酶体依赖途径

为研究树突状细胞加工和呈递灭活口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)抗原并活化CD8+T细胞的途径,用灭活FMDV负载经抑制剂预处理的小鼠单核细胞源树突状细胞(MoDCs),与CD8+T细胞共培养,对照为负载FMDV的正常MoDCs与CD8+T细胞.收集上清液,检测γ干扰素(IFN-γ)的含量.结果显示,试验组CD8+T细胞在共培养的...     

大肠杆菌O157 LPS单克隆抗体的制备及ELISA检测方法的建立

以热灭活的大肠杆菌O157∶H7(E.coli O157∶H7)菌体抗原为免疫原,E.coli O157∶H7菌体结合脂多糖(LPS)为筛选抗原,应用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术制备E.coli O157∶H7LPS单克隆抗体。采用改良过碘酸钠法制备辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)酶标抗体,并建立检测E.coli O157∶H7的双抗体夹心ELISA方法。结果,成功制备了9株稳定分泌E.coli O157∶H7LPS单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞,其中7F9和7G2为LPS O-特异性多糖(O-SP)单克隆抗体,与E.coli O157∶H7菌体具有较好的反应性。此双抗体夹心ELISA方法对与受试的非O157菌株没有交叉反应,对E.coli O157∶H7纯培养菌液的检出下限为3×104CFU/mL。结果表明,建立的ELISA检测方法对E.coli O157具有较高的特异性和灵敏度,该方法有望与其他方法相结合用于对E.coli O157∶H7的检测。     

Identification of forensically important sarcophagid flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) in China, based on COI and 16S rDNA gene sequences

Insects attracted to cadavers may provide important indications of the postmortem interval (PMI). However, use of the flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) for PMI estimation is limited as the species are often not morphologically distinct, especially as immatures. In this study, 23 forensically important flesh flies were collected from 13 locations in 10 Chinese provinces. Then, a 278-bp segment of the cytochrome oxidase subunits one (COI) gene and a 289-bp segment of the 16S rDNA gene of all specimens were successfully sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequenced segments showed that all sarcophagid specimens were properly assigned into four species (Boerttcherisca peregrina [Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830], Helicophagella melanura [Meigen, 1826], Parasarcophaga albiceps [Meigen, 1826], and Parasarcophaga dux [Thompson, 1869]) with relatively strong supporting values, thus indicating that the COI and 16S rDNA regions are suitable for identification of sarcophagid species. The difference between intraspecific threshold and interspecific divergence confirmed the potential of the two regions for sarcophagid species identification.     

Age and sex related measurement of craniofacial soft tissue thickness and nasal profile in the Chinese population

The purpose of this study was to acquire accurate data of craniofacial soft tissue thickness (CFSTT) and nasal profile in Chinese people of Han population. A total of 31 anatomical landmarks and 4 nasal profile parameters were determined using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 425 subjects (233 males and 192 females). In the present study, the mean CFSTT values of male subjects exceeded those of female subjects at most anatomical landmarks except at seven (22.58%) and 6 out of the 7 landmarks were bilateral anatomical landmark points. The age-related and sex × age interactions were found to be statistically significant at all landmarks. Significant differences were found in the nasal profile data of males and females, and 15 out of 20 different groups had significant differences between sexes, and the mean values of nasal length, nasal height, nasal depth and nasal breadth in males were all greater than those in females. Furthermore, both CFSTT and nasal profile showed good correlation with age. The thickest CFSTT of male and female were found at the respective ages of 45-59 and 35-44, and the nasal profile becomes more constant after 24 years of age. CFSTT of the lower part of the face shows greater variation compared to the upper part, so special care needs to be applied when reconstructing the lower portion of the face. Our data on CFSTT and nasal profile for the Chinese Xi'an Han population is important in understanding craniofacial characteristics of the Chinese population and might be potentially helpful in forensic identification.     

Validity of Demirjian and Willems methods for dental age estimation for Malaysian children aged 5–15 years old

BackgroundOne of the most commonly used method for dental age assessment is the method reported by Demirjian and coworkers in 1973. It was later modified by Willems and coworkers whereby they “performed a weighted ANOVA” in order to adapt the scoring system.AimTo evaluate the applicability of Demirjian and Willems methods for dental age estimation for Malaysian children and to correlate the accuracy of the findings with the chronology of tooth development of premolars and second molars.Materials and methodsA total of 991 dental panoramic radiographs of 5–15-year-old Malaysian children were included in the study. The mean Demirjian and Willems estimated ages were compared to the mean chronological age.ResultsThe mean chronological age of the sample was 10.1 ± 2.8 and 9.9 ± 3.0 years for males and females respectively. Using the Demirjian method, the mean estimated dental age was 10.8 ± 2.9 years for males and 10.5 ± 2.9 years for females. For Willems method, the mean estimated age was 10.3 ± 2.8 years males and 10.0 ± 3.0 years respectively.ConclusionsWillems method was more applicable for estimating dental age for Malaysian children. Overestimation in Demirjian method could be due to advanced development of second bicuspids and molars.     

Analysis and application of relationship between post-braking-distance and throw distance in vehicle-pedestrian accident reconstruction

Through theoretical analysis and introduction of some empirical parameters, the relationship between post-braking-distance and throw distance was studied concentratedly. Here, the post-braking-distance is the distance a vehicle will travel from the impact position to when it comes to a complete stop. Two useful formulas which are meaningful in vehicle-pedestrian accident reconstruction were finally obtained. The first one can be used to calculate impact speed according to throw distance, while the other one can describe the relationship between post-braking-distance and throw distance. Their feasibility has been validated by comparing with other scholars' empirical formulas and simulation results of software Pc-Crash, respectively. The relationship between post-braking-distance and throw distance has very bright application perspective in vehicle-pedestrian accident reconstruction such as helping policemen obtain more useful evidences, validating credibility of the throw distance, judging whether the vehicle is fully braked or not, determining the impact position etc. Finally its application was demonstrated by three cases, in which the impact speed was also calculated. All results until now have shown that conclusions obtained in this article are feasible and helpful in vehicle-pedestrian accident reconstruction.