试论人事制度改革中思想政治工作的三步曲

人事制度的改革必然会对广大干部职工的传统思想观念、传统思维定式产生震荡,对部分干部职工的既得利益构成冲击。思想政治工作者要全面把握人事制度改革的进程,做好思想政治工作,促进工作的顺利进行。     

中国与东盟货物贸易关系的法律协调 --比较法新走向之考量

人类在政治、经济、文化等方面日益广泛的交流和沟通所促成的全球和区域经济逐步一体化、区域内部的法律统一、各种国际性的贸易条约和调整特定领域法律关系的公约、国家间的各种双边条约等,都充分表明各个民族国家之间,整个人类社会之间越来越注重法律的协调,这是人类社会进一步发展的共同需要。〔1〕如何促进法律规则之间的协调,减少因不同层次、不同类型法律规则之间的冲突给国际经济合作造成的阻滞,比较法应当堪此重任,故其研究领域和方法都要与时俱进。建立中国-东盟自由贸易区(CAFTA)是中国参与区域经济一体化的重大步骤。2004年11…     

Toward multidimensional information: A derivatization-free UHPLC-QqQ MS/MS method for amino acid components of fingerprint

The analysis of fingerprint chemical composition is a meaningful way to excavate the multidimensional information of fingerprint, including the donor profiling information and the age of a fingerprint, which broadens the evidential values of fingerprint, especially for the partial and distorted fingerprint. But the research remains still in the pilot phases or is ongoing. Amino acids are the dominant organic substances in latent sweat fingerprint and influenced by many donor factors. Hence, their content reflects personal information of donors. Forensic science will be revolutionized if suspects can be individualized by their amino acid content. The diverse nature, distinct physicochemical properties, and ultra-micro levels of amino acids present in fingerprints make it hard to detect. A high sensitivity method for detecting and quantifying multiple amino acid components is required. UHPLC-QqQ MS/MS offers high sensitivity, high separation, simultaneous multicomponents detection, and no derivatization, making it an ideal method for detecting and analyzing amino acids in fingerprints. Therefore, in this study, we propose and validate an efficient UHPLC-QqQ MS/MS method for the extraction and analysis of 13 amino acids from fingerprint. We compared the results of amino acids of 10 different substrates and found that the inherent amino acids in most porous substrates would have been extracted along with the fingerprint amino acids, making them unsuitable for quantitative amino acid analysis. Instead, plastic sheets are ideal substrates for laboratory studies. Then, extensive experiments were conducted among 30 donors for multidimensional information analysis. The type of samples analyzed were eccrine-rich fingerprints. A Binary Logistic Regression (BLR) model was developed, and the female and male donors were successfully differentiated by amino acids in fingerprints. Two other mathematical models were also developed to verify the accuracy, and all three different mathematical models were able to identify donors of different genders with over 90% accuracy. This demonstrates that amino acids have the potential to provide more information for donors as metabolic markers. In the future, we will conduct a series of experiments to analyze more multidimensional information for individual identification by amino acid content in the fingerprint.     

Working Together For an Even Brighter Future of People-to-People Exchanges between China and Europe——Sidelights of a CAFIU Delegation's Visit to Germany,Hungary and Austria

正At the invitation of the Friedrich-Ebert Stiftung of Germany,the World Bridge Foundation of Hungary,and the Austria-China Friendship Association,a delegation of the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU)headed by H.E.Mr.Qi Xuchun,Vice-Chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and Vice-President of CAFIU paid friendly visits to Germany,Hungary and Austria.The delegation     

越南华文教育发展现状与思考

越南华文教育近年来出现较明显复苏,华文从华人的民族文化载体逐渐发展为越南社会加强与中国经济文化联系、寻求更多发展机遇的有力工具。这些新现象为传承越南华族文化、增进中越交往与合作创造了积极条件。针对当前越南华文教育的资金、师资、教材等问题,中国可在越南政策法规允许的范围内适当加以补充与协助,为中越关系的深化发展增添动力。     

当代中国刑法法典化研究

刑法的法典化是统一刑法典的制定和完善过程。当代中国刑法的法典化程度,与中国社会形势的变迁、法治的整体发展水平、立法技术的提升密切相关。中国刑法的法典化是历史与现实的必然选择,具有重要的法律文化价值、比较法价值、社会价值、现代法治价值和规范价值。中国应综合运用外部和内部策略,制定和发展形式合理、内容全面、科学的统一刑法典。     

反劫持行动中心理战运用探析

反劫持行动的关键是对人质的保护和营救,在反劫持行动全部工作的各个方面以及反劫持行动全过程的各个环节,都要自始至终将确保人质安全置于首位。要紧紧围绕着保护和营救人质而谋划、运作,要把坚定与灵活、耐心与果断、勇敢与机警结合起来,反对简单、鲁莽、蛮干。劫持行为本身就是犯罪(恐怖)分子为达成某种意图而实施的一种心理恐怖手段。因此,在反劫持行动过程中与劫匪心理上的较量和博弈始终是影响行动成效的重要因素。研究和把握此类行动心理战的特点规律,对于加快反劫持行动的胜利进程,有效打击暴力恐怖犯罪具有非常现实而重要的意义。     

A 21‐Locus Autosomal SNP Multiplex and its Application in Forensic Science

To develop a cost‐effective technique for single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping and improve the efficiency to analyze degraded DNA, we have established a novel multiplex system including 21‐locus autosomal SNPs and amelogenin locus, which was based on allele‐specific amplification (ASA) and universal reporter primers (URP). The target amplicons for each of the 21 SNPs arranged from 63 base pair (bp) to 192 bp. The system was tested in 539 samples from three ethnic groups (Han, Mongolian, and Zhuang population) in China, and the total power of discrimination (TPD) and cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) were more than 0.99999999 and 0.98, respectively. The system was further validated with forensic samples and full profiles could be achieved from degraded DNA and 63 case‐type samples. In summary, the multiplex system offers an effective technique for individual identification of forensic samples and is much more efficient in the analysis of degraded DNA compared with standard STR typing.     

证据法学研究用语不规范问题初探

法学研究强调逻辑的严谨性以及语言的规范性,作为法学分支学科的证据法学当然亦莫能外。但是,近年来方兴起的证据法学科,在我国开展的时日尚短,且一直与传统的证据学学科之间纠缠不清,以至于我国证据法学的学科体系迟迟不能建立,甚至连作为学科基础的基本概念都未能达成共识,缺乏统一性和规范性,理论研究和证据实务中用语不规范的问题一直存在,混用、误用基本概念和术语的现象较为普遍。这不仅影响到理论研究的严谨性,甚至干扰到实务操作的实效性。     

物权制度设计的正义维度与效率维度

由于以归属性正义为目标,因此,各个主体基于物权法确立的正当行为规则所获得的物权就具有无庸置疑的伦理上的正义性,法律对此应该采取妥适的措施加以充分保障,以免它受到其他个人或者机构的任意侵犯。物权法亦追求效率,物权法的诸多制度相当鲜明地体现了这一价值目标。物权法有可能为了实现资源的有效率运用而保护物权,规定物权的诸如排他性与绝对性之类的特性,亦有可能基于效率的考量而对物权的排他性作出限制;物权的保护措施存在着财产规则与责任规则的差异,物权法有时会一反惯常的采取财产规则的立场而改采责任规则以实现效率。珍视效率并没有什么不妥,基于效率的考量将物权作出一定限制也并无不当,惟在限制人们根据正义的财产规范所取得的物权时不仅应相当慎重,而且必须提供充分且正当的理由和依据,否则立法所确认的权利或者利益在司法的层面就会有被戕害乃至剥夺殆尽之虞。