Hair analysis for ketamine and its metabolites

A rapid and sensitive method was developed for the simultaneous identification and quantitation of ketamine (K) and its major metabolite, norketamine (NK) in hair. After decontamination, the hair sample was incubated and extracted, and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Limits of quantitation were found to be 0.05 ng/mg. Hair segments in black color were collected from 15 K abusers. Based on an experiment with 15 cavies with black, white, and brown hair, the mechanism of incorporation of K into hair was investigated. After shaving hair on the back of the cavies (8 cm x 4 cm), they were separated into three groups and administered intraperitoneally once a day for 7 successive days with high, medium, and low doses of K, respectively. Two days after this, hair segments with different colors were shaved. There was a direct correlation between the concentration of K in cavy hair and the dose and DHNK was detected only in high dosage group. The concentration of K increased in the order of white, brown, and black hair. The possible factors responsible for the incorporation of K and its metabolites in hair were discussed.     

东莨菪碱的GC／MS检验

目的用气质联用方法分离定性案件检材中微量的东莨菪碱成分。方法以液-液萃取法提取分离,用CP5860(CP-sil8CB)毛细管拄(30m×0.25mm×0.33!m),并采用气质联用仪(GC/MS)测定东莨菪碱。结果可检出检材中微量东莨菪碱,色谱分离良好。结论以气质联用仪(GC/MS)测定东莨菪碱方法灵敏度高,测定结果准确可靠。     

尿样中苯骈二氮杂Zhu类药物筛选分析研究

目的建立尿样中苯骈二氮杂类药物两种筛选分析方法.方法用GC/ECD、GC/MS直接测定苯骈二氮杂类药物原体和GC/ECD、GC/MS测定1,4-苯骈二氮杂类药物的酸水解产物苯甲酮同系物.结果GC/ECD直接测定苯骈二氮杂类药物方法,大部分药物的回收率为60%～90%,线性范围为20～200ng/ml尿,线性相关系数大于0.99,最低检出限达0.5ng/ml～10ng/ml.结论所建两种方法各有其特点又可相互补充,已成功地应用于司法鉴定实践.     

Determination of Nitrite in Whole Blood by High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection and a Case of Nitrite Poisoning

Although nitrite is widely used in meat processing, it is a major toxicity hazard to children and is responsible for the blue‐baby syndrome. A simple and effective method to determine nitrite in whole blood has been devised using ion chromatography with suppressed conductivity detection. The blood sample was deproteinized by adding acetonitrile and purified with mini‐cartridges to remove hydrophobic compounds, chloride ions, and metal ions. An aliquot of the filtrate was injected onto the ion chromatography. The retention time for nitrite was 13.8 min and the detection limit of nitrite in whole blood was 0.4 μmol/L. The calibration curve was linear (r² = 0.9999) over the concentration working range. The blood nitrite concentration of a victim who attempted suicide by ingesting sodium nitrite powder was determined using the present method. The basal levels for nitrite in human blood was determined with 7.1 ± 0.9 μmol/L (n = 12).     

治理现代化视阈下吉林省小微企业纾困问题探析

治理现代化视阈下小微企业纾困问题具有诸多结构性特征,涉及国家治理、政府治理和社会治理.从规模类型上看,小微企业包括小型企业和微型企业、家庭作坊式企业,其在税收、经济、技术创新和就业等方面均发挥着重要作用.本文通过对吉林省小微企业、中型企业和大型企业的相关比较,分析了目前吉林省小微企业存在的主要问题,并在相关问题的基础上...     

全球治理的核心--公共精神的构建

全球治理理念的兴起给社会带来了巨大震动。全球治理的核心应该是公共精神,其内涵是“公共意识、公共关怀和公共参与”。鉴于中国在全球治理进程中缺失公共精神的现状,我们应积极构建公共精神,即通过教育培养公共精神,建立完善的法律体制,并在此基础上发展与其他国家间的互利合作,进而推动全球治理的长足发展。     

大学生心理危机发生源考察及干预研究

心理危机是一种非常态的真实存在.它产生的消极情绪及行为絮乱已逼近包括大学生在内现代人群的现实生活.因而,厘清大学生成长的烦恼、交往的困惑、学业的冲击、就业的危机、情感的伤痛等心理危机诱因,完善大学生心理危机预防与干预的组织机制,提高大学生心理危机干预水平,做好大学生心理危机预防与预警工作,对于化解和释怀大学生心理危机是一个重大课题.     

党建嵌入乡村治理的组织路径创新——基于某省Z镇党建示范区的实证研究

党的建设是农村工作的重要组成部分,基层党建通过乡村治理发挥引领作用。随着乡村社会的剧烈变迁和基层治理的现代化转向,基层党建的组织路径陷入"悬浮化"困境,难以突破组织建设的"内卷化"难题。调查研究表明,以区域化党建重塑整合资源的组织结构、以党员联户激活群众动员的组织过程、以治理导向再造党建嵌入乡村治理的组织路径,最终使党建成为转型期国家与社会互动的黏合剂。"嵌入式"的组织路径不仅激活了基层党建,并且从治理责任、治理方式和治理属性三个方面重塑了乡村治理,产生了积极的社会治理效应,释放了塑造乡村公共秩序的持久力量。