rhe City and Human Life：Jia Zhangke＇s Thematic Films

THE shooting of Shanghai Legend, a wide-screen documentary film about Shanghai, wrapped this October after athree-year directorial marathon by Jia Zhangke. This will be his tribute to the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.     

WHY A COMMITMENT TO A RIGHT TO LIBERTY AND PROPERTY DOES NOT PRECLUDE REDISTRIBUTION THROUGH TAXATION AND WELFARE PROGRAMS： SCRUTINIZING NOZICK＇ S ENTITLEMENT THEORY OF JUSTICE

This paper critically examines Robert Nozick＇s theory of right and property with its corollary critique of redistributive taxation and welfare programs, as presented in his seminal book, Anarchy, State, and Utopia （hereinafter ASU）. In opposition to Nozick, this paper argues that a commitment to a right to liberty and property does not preclude, in and of itself, the acceptance of redistribution through taxation and welfare programs. Indeed, the thesis attempts to show that Nozick＇s ASU version of libertarianism itself requires, and is grounded in, a commitment to the value of welfare programs funded through redistributive taxation. More specifically, the paper contends that in accepting the Lockean proviso, with its concomitant egalitarian premises into his theory, and in making the plausibility of his argument rest on the proviso, Nozick has already infected his own libertarian views with just the same sort of redistributivism and welfarism he vehemently impugns. Consequently, the paper concludes that Nozick＇s contention against redistribution via taxation and welfare programs is ultimately self-refuting, if not hypocritical. The bulk of the paper will be devoted to showing why welfare liberals should not be intimidated or dismayed by Nozick＇s theory of property right. Rather, welfare liberals should regard Nozick as a theoretical ally, since Nozick＇s libertarian entitlement theory comes perilously close to transmogrifying into the ＂welfare state ＂.     

REDEFINITION OF CURRENT LEGAL MEASURES＇ ROLE AS ＂PANACEAS＂ IN DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT PLAY

In this article, the author tries to discuss what the appropriate legal protection of digital rights management （DRM） technologies is. The objective of the paper is to highlight the deficiencies of the present legal practices in U.S. and the E.U.. Compared with private remedy, such as making license and using technological protection measures, anti- circumvention rules will bring more widespread influence and probably rebuild the new benefit rules in copyright system. The theory of anti- circumvention legislation has been far away from the principle of traditional copyright since its emergence, which means there is no much experience that merits attention by current copyright system, even anti- circumvention rules in various countries no doubt provides legal support and so-called ＂lawful basis＂ for creators＇ rights expanding. The methodology research.     

THE POLICE INVESTIGATOR＇S AUTHORITY TO ISSUE PROVISION LETTER OF INVESTIGATION CANCELLATION： ITS URGENCY IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF INDONESIAN CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

According to integrated criminal justice system, Police is the gatekeeper of the Indonesian criminal justice system or the pioneer State＇s institution and agency in criminal law enforcement. Consequently, when public are disappointed with law enforcement, attention will firstly be directed to the police. Hence, according to the Direction of the Chief State＇s Police No. KEP/3 7/X/2008 concerning the Accelerated Program of the Indonesian Police Transformation towards independent, professional and accountable police, all levels of police structure are ordered to be able to change the paradigm of the police services as soon as possible. In addition to that, police investigators have published some letters of Investigation Cancellation Order （SP3） as it is a part of police＇ authority stipulated in the Code of Criminal Procedure （KUHAP） and the Law No. 2 Year 2002. However, there are still abundant of cases to solve. Consequently, there should be policy regulating the authority of investigators to issue Provision Letter of Investigation Cancellation （SKP2）. This modest article attempts to describe philosophical foundation of the urgency of police authority to issue SKP2 and the juridical implication covers the law enforcement effort, strenghthening the realization of duties and responsibility of the police investigators in settling cases and facilitating the effort to attain the goals of the law namely justice, usefulness, and legal certainty, as well as assisting to search and find the substantially truth by paying attention to the protection of human rights.     

CITIZENSHIP.COM 2.0： A LINK TO PARTICIPATIVE DEMOCRACY （THE EVOLUTION OF CITIZENSHIP IN A PROJECT INSTRUMENTALIZED BY NEW MEDIA）

The alleged legitimacy of democracy is founded on the legislative representative power, and the traditional mass media followed this idea in their communication functions. But with the instrumented possibility of the new media, democracy can evolve into a participative citizenship and overcome the limitations of centralized democracy. While traditional media remained in the hands of interest groups, and presume that the ordinary citizen owns democracy and seeks information, new media grant this information and seek democracy.     

OVERVIEW OF RECOVERY OF ILLEGAL PROCEEDS OF CORRUPTION CRIME STIPULATED IN ＂THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION＂

＂The United Nations Convention against Corruption＂ is the most profound and authoritative international convention on the recovery of corruption crime proceeds. The convention systematically stipulates corruption assets recovery mode. This paper aims to illustrate the corruption assets recovery modes systematically, and provide examples for recovery of illegal proceeds of corruption crime.     

LAW SCHOOLS AS DEPOSITARIES OF THE IDEA OF HUMAN RIGHTS -- FROM TOTALITARIANISM TO YOUNG DEMOCRACY （AS EXEMPLIFIED BY POLAND）

The role, which the higher training institutes （universities） played under the totalitarian communist regime, maintaining and developing the idea of human rights, can hardly be overestimated. In non-democratic political .systems, the human rights——understood as certain fundamental and inalienable rights each human being is vested in---have always been regarded as a threat to the existing legal and social order. It is for that very reason that the promotion of human rights under the totalitarian systems is either forbidden or greatly limited.     

THE OMBUDSMAN AND THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN EUROPE： CASE STUDY OF ITALIAN ＂CIVIC DEFENDER＂

The paper is centered on the Ombudsman＇s role in the defense of individual human rights. The institution of the Ombudsman is based on the idea that citizens should be entitled to complain against specific acts and behaviors of their rulers and that their complaints should be investigated by an independent body. In Europe, the establishment of a specific office to investigate citizen complaints against public bureaucracy is relatively recent,