驳泛叙述者论

很多当代叙事学家都认为所有的虚构叙事都有一个不同于作者的虚构叙述者。这一观点被称为“泛叙述者论”。本文以充分的理由驳斥了这一观点,同时指出那些看似支持这一观点的重要论据是根本站不住脚的。在简要介绍小说理论的基础上,文章认为,无论从理论还是从实践角度来说,都没有必要为每个虚构叙事假定一个虚构叙述者。     

邓小平时代

出版社:生活·读书·新知三联书店出版时间:2013年1月定价:88.00元邓小平深刻影响了中国历史和世界历史的走向,也改变了当代中国人的命运。解读邓小平的政治生涯及其行为逻辑,就是解读当代中国,解读个人命运背后的历史变局。《邓小平时代》对邓小平跌宕起伏的一生以及中国惊险崎岖的改革开放之路进行了全景式描述。作者对邓小平个人性格及执     

不平等与政权更迭——民主转型与民主制的稳定

近年来,卡莱斯·博伊克斯（Carles Boix）、达龙·埃斯莫格卢（Daron Acemoglu）以及詹姆斯·罗宾逊（James Robinson）的研究聚焦于朝向和背离民主制转型过程中不平等和分配冲突所扮演的角色。我们可以使用从1980年到2000年之间＂第三波＂浪潮中关于民主转型和回潮的一个原始的定性数据,通过因果过程的观察来评估他们的主张。我们发现分配冲突作为他们理论中关键的因果分析机制,只出现在刚刚超过一半的案例中。与理论上的预期不同的是,大量的这类转型发生在那些高度不平等的国家中。在所有发生民主回潮的国家中低于1/3的民主回潮是由精英和大众之间的分配冲突所驱动的。我们认为关于民主转型和民主回潮两个问题都存在着许多其他的替代性的因果分析途径。     

大数据到底有多重要

在最近的一段时间里,我发现周围的人们好像都在谈论大数据。然而,只有当一个组织选对人和用对技巧时,才能真正地将大数据分析应用到改善培训活动的实践中去。利用大数据开展培训是比较艰难的,但它的分析能力可以让企业的管理现状得到明显改善。通过分析各个职能部门复杂的数据,大数据能够帮助企业获得可以推动变革的洞察力,使其能够接纳并留住高水平人才,并开展高效的管理。大数据不仅可以改善员工的培训l环境,甚至可以让培训活动焕发新的活力。     

越南毒品政策：变化中的十年

HIV在毒品注射者中的迅速传播引起了越南政府的高度关注,并在1992～2011年间对毒品政策进行了重大调整。发现和分析促成政策转变的因素,探讨毒品政策与实践之间存在的矛盾,及其对吸毒人员获得有效的公共卫生服务的影响,对政府加强毒品问题防控尤为必要。政府应当发现政策冲突对社会及公共卫生可能造成的影响;不同管理部门应协调一致;应建立鼓励公民参与政策制定过程的制度,以强化毒品政策与实践的联系等对策。     

Immunohistochemical investigation of pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A in fatal poisoning

To evaluate the immunohistochemical distribution of pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A (SP-A) in fatal poisoning in relation to the effects of drugs and poisons on respiratory function, 42 forensic autopsy cases were examined by scoring the staining intensity. The highest scores of SP-A staining, with dense granular deposits (aggregates) in the intra-alveolar space, were observed in fatalities from pancuronium bromide (muscle relaxant) injection and petroleum (butane) gas inhalation. Poisoning with organophosphate pesticides and arsenic (ingestion) showed a second grade SP-A score. However, The SP-A scores were relatively low in ethanol and sedative-hypnotic intoxication. Carbon monoxide intoxication showed a varied degree of SP-A score, and the aggregated SP-A score tended to be higher in cases of lower blood carboxyhemoglobin concentration. A varied SP-A score was also observed in methamphetamine fatalities, in which the score was relatively low in cases with a higher serum drug level. Increase of SP-A was not always associated with the intra-alveolar effusion or hemorrhages. The above-described observations suggested that the immunohistochemical score of SP-A may be a possible indication for intensity and duration of drug/poison-dependent respiratory distress.     

Classification of prepaid cards based on multivariate treatment of data obtained by X-ray fluorescence analysis

Two hundred prepaid cards, which had been used in Nagoya-city's subway in Japan, and another 32 prepaid cards (11 were real turnpike cards, 20 were counterfeit cards and 1 was a white card) were evaluated by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) without any pre-treatment. A preliminary investigation was performed on 200 prepaid cards in order to find an identification method for the turnpike cards. By plotting the relative intensity of titanium versus that of iron obtained by XRF, the cards were clearly classified into seven groups. On the other hand, the cards could be divided into four groups by a multivariate analysis using the relative intensities of five elements such as chlorine, calcium or tin, titanium, iron and barium. Using these results to classify the Japanese turnpike cards, they were divided into three groups or two groups. One of three groups or two groups was the counterfeit card group.     

评阿兰·沃森的《法律移植:比较法的方法》

<正> 爱丁堡大学民法教授阿兰·沃森在其《法律移植:比较法的方法》(Legal Transplants:An Approach to Comparative Law,佛吉尼亚大学出版社,1974年版)一书中试图证实比较法是一门学科。沃森教授提出:"比较法是研究有关法律的本质,特别是有关法律发展的本质的学科。"其主要功能在于使人了解"决定法律发展进程的独特因素。" 然而,研究十六世纪在鲁瑞斯坦(本文作者杜撰的国家)以特殊形式出现的独特的法律     

Prevalence of rhabdomyolysis in drug deaths

Rhabdomyolysis has repeatedly been reported as a possible consequence of illicit drug consumption especially in clinical literature. In order to investigate the prevalence of rhabdomyolysis in cases of drug deaths, immunohistochemical staining of kidney sections with a myoglobin antibody was performed at 103 consecutive fatal drug poisonings. The control group consisted of 107 unselected forensic autopsies. With regard to the presence of intratubular myoglobin, 33% of the study group were categorized as "strongly positive", 17.5% as "slightly positive" and 49.5% as "negative". No single substance showed a particularly high incidence of rhabdomyolysis nor were there correlations to special combinations of substances. In the control group a "strongly positive" result after myoglobin staining was observed in only 10.3% of 107 cases, a "slightly positive" result in 13.1% and a "negative" result in 76.6%. The findings suggest that rhabdomyolysis is a frequent consequence of illicit drug consumption and that it is not promoted by a single factor, but by a combination of several factors.     

Genetic polymorphism at nine STR loci in two ethnic groups of China

Genotype polymorphism studies at nine short tandem repeat (STR) loci (D3S1358, FGA, TH01, D7S820, VWA, CSF1PO, D5S818, D13S317, TPOX) were carried out in two Ethnic Groups (Tu, Sala) living in Qinhai, a North-West province of China. All loci were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P = 0.05).