司法改革的目标——使司法成为公平正义的有效防线

我国新一轮司法改革已经启动。党的十八届三中全会为这新一轮司法改革确定了方向、目标及具体任务。对研究者来说,需要在正确认识这一轮司法改革的方向的基础上,首先研究这次司法改革所设定的目标,以便理解和落实司法改革的具体方法、步骤,顺利推进司法改革。基於司法能否成为社会公平正义的有效防线,对司法改革的整体目标的实现,具有十分重要的意义,而这个目标的实现,不仅需要对司法体制进行改革,而且需要其他相关制度的改革与之配套。因此,我们将以正在进行的信访制度改革为重点,探讨这次司法改革,如何进一步保障司法成为我国社会公平正义的有效防线,以切实推进法治中国建设。     

行政复议委员会试点五年情况回顾

自1999年行政复议法颁布实施以来,全国人大常委会於2013年首次检查该法的实施情况。统计结果显示,中国每年受理的行政复议案件数量与行政诉讼的一审案件数量基本持平,部分地方的复议案件还多于一审行政诉讼案件,而多数的行政复议案件涉及土地．房屋拆迁、劳动和社会保障、卫生、城市规划等与群众利益密切相关的领域。作为化解行政争议的第一道防线,国务院在推动行政复议法修改的同时,在实践中也积极探索建立专业、便民、高效、权威的行政复议体制．整合多头行政复议办案机关,部署行政复议委员会试点是其中一项有益探索。本期特选取国务院法制办公室行政复议司副司长方军的文章,全面解读行政复议委员会试点工作开展五年以来的实效及未来走向。     

再次修改《商业银行法》的制度创新

《中华人民共和国商业银行法》於1995年5月10日第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十三次会议通过,2003年12月27日第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第六次会议通过了《板於修改〈中华人民共和国商业银行法〉的决定》,对该法进行了部分条款的修正。2013年3月全国人民代表大会期间,多位银行界代表提出再次修改《商业银行法》的议案,《商业银行法》再次修改工作将列入立法机构和银行业有关机构的工作日程。     

Do bone elasticity and postmortem interval affect forensic fractographic analyses?

Forensic fractographic features of bone reliably establish crack propagation in perimortem injuries. We investigated if similar fracture surface features characterize postmortem fractures. Experimentally induced peri- and postmortem fractures were used to assess if fractographic features vary as bone elasticity decreases during the postmortem interval (PMI). Thirty-seven unembalmed, defleshed human femoral shafts from males and females aged 33–81 years were fractured at varying PMIs with a drop test frame using a three-point bending setup and recorded with a high-speed camera. Vital statistics, cause of death, PMI length, temperature, humidity, collagen percentage, water loss, fracture energy, and fractography scores were recorded for each sample. Results showed that fractographic features associated with perimortem fractures were expressed in PMIs up to 40,600 accumulated degree hours (ADH), or 60 warm weather days. Hackle was the most consistently expressed feature, occurring in all fractures regardless of ADH. The most variable characteristics were wake features (78.4%) and arrest ridges (70.3%). Collagen percentage did not correlate strongly with ADH (r = −0.04, p = 0.81); however, there was a strong significant correlation between ADH and water loss (r = 0.74, p < 0.001). Multinomial logistic regression showed no association between fractographic feature expression and ADH or collagen percentage. In conclusion, forensic fractographic features reliably determine initiation and directionality of crack propagation in experimentally induced PMIs up to 40,600 ADH, demonstrating the utility of this method into the recent postmortem interval. This expression of reliable fractographic features throughout the early PMI intimates these characteristics may not be useful standalone features for discerning peri- versus postmortem fractures.     

Xian Huang,Social Protection under Authoritarianism

Journal of Chinese Political Science -     

RACING AGAINST TIME

On December 29,2019,seven cases of pneumonia of unknown cause were referred to the Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan,Hubei Province in central China.They were all related to the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market As similar cases began to be reported in Wuhan,57-year-old Zhang Dingyu,P resident of the hospital,was on high alert.His decades of clinical experience told him it was not an ordinary infectious disease.