中国传统智慧和转识成智观念考论

中国传统文化高度重视人生智慧问题,饱含哲学智慧,其智慧及其转识成智观念源远流长,内涵和意趣极其丰富。中国传统智慧观念是由德福一致、德包含智、智慧相通、福慧双修、转识成智等五个紧密相关的基本观念构成的有机整体,其中包含实现“转识成智”路径的思想,这就是重视个人的道德修养。“转识成智”的修养过程,并不是单一的智慧修养过程,而是“福慧双修”的过程。中国传统的智慧和转识成智观念具有鲜明的中国文化特色,是传统价值观中宝贵的历史遗产和观念资源,对于克服现代社会人们只追求欲望满足而无视人生境界提升导致的种种人生问题和社会问题具有重要借鉴和启示意义,值得深入挖掘、整理和弘扬。     

做好重大突发事件中的思想政治工作--以新冠肺炎疫情期间的思政工作为例

各级党政部门和思想政治工作者要规范对突发事件中思想政治工作的管理,充分发挥思想政治工作在应对突发事件中的积极而独特的作用。做好新冠肺炎疫情防控中的思想政治工作,要准确把握思想政治工作的基本特点,始终把人民群众生命安全和身体健康放在第一位,始终坚持党的领导,整合各类资源,建立健全相关法规制度和运行机制,借助新闻舆论做好防控工作,充分发挥思想政治教育在疫情防控中的强大功能,积极做好全时段、全方位的思想政治工作。     

Isotopic analogs as internal standards for quantitative analyses by GC/MS--evaluation of cross-contribution to ions designated for the analyte and the isotopic internal standard

Isotopic analogs of the analytes are currently preferred internal standards (IS) for quantitative analyses of drugs and their metabolites in biological matrices by GC/MS procedures. Contributions of the analyte and the IS to the intensities of ions designated for the IS and the analyte, respectively--an undesirable phenomenon termed "cross-contribution"--greatly weakens the effectiveness of this approach. The cross-contribution phenomenon has been, in the past, evaluated by a "direct measurement" approach, in which intensities of interested ions were measured in two separate experiments using equal quantities of the analyte and the IS. Alternate procedures that may generate improved results are hereby studied. For the "improved direct measurement" approach, ion intensity data derived from the previously reported direct measurement procedure are first normalized before being used to calculate the extent of cross-contribution. An "internal standard" approach is also developed, in which a set amount of a third compound is incorporated into these two separate experiments, thus allowing corrections of ion intensity data that are imbedded with variations inherent to separate experiments. Finally, a "standard addition" approach, involving a series "addition" of "standards", generates multiple data points; thus, providing a mechanism to validate the resulting cross-contribution data. Secobarbital/(2)H(5)-secobarbital and secobarbital/(13)C(4)-secobarbital pairs are adapted as the exemplar systems for this study.     

中西文化方法论比较研究

研究中西方文化,就要注重对中西方文化方法论的比较。从不同的方法论入手,对中西方文化的阐释可以得出不同的结论,因此研究应基于科学的方法论原则;在中西不同的文化背景下,其方法论具体差异表现在整体与局部、归纳与演绎、德治与法治、内化与外化;应善于利用对生互补的方法论来构建中国特色的话语体系。     

GC/MS、GC/NPD法检测毛发中的氯胺酮

目的采用液-液萃取、衍生化和GC/MS、GC/NPD方法,进行毛发中氯胺酮定性定量分析。方法选择4-苯基丁胺为内标,毛发样本用NaOH、HCl及芳基硫酸酯酶/β-葡萄糖醛酸酶等3种方式进行水解,再进行衍生化后,采用GC/MS和GC/NPD方法定性定量分析。对不同水解和衍生化条件以及提取溶剂进行比较优化,并考察方法精密度、稳定性和检出限。结果方法的提取回收率大于95%,精密度和样品稳定性良好,日内和日间标准偏差小于6%;采用GC/NPD和GC/MS直接分析毛发中的氯胺酮,检出限为0.2ng/mg和2.0ng/mg,线性范围为10.0～250.0ng/mg,相关系数均大于0.99;采用酰化衍生化后分析,GC/NPD和GC/MS检出限分别提高至0.1ng/mg和0.2ng/mg。结论该方法回收率高、检测限低,可以用于毛发中氯胺酮的定性定量分析检验。     

Public attitudes toward immigration policies in South Korea

ABSTRACT

This paper examines whether economic or socio-psychological concerns determine anti-immigration attitudes in South Korea, in an effort to address regional asymmetries in existing immigration studies. An analysis reveals that labour market competition and fiscal burden concerns do not affect anti-immigration attitudes, but xenophobia, the conceptual views of citizenship, and the expectation of the impact of immigration on the national economy determine anti-immigration attitudes, a result in keeping with existing studies of anti-immigration attitudes in European or North American countries. However, when policies have humanitarian dimensions, the ethno-cultural views of Korean identity tend to reduce anti-immigration attitudes, a finding that runs counter to the empirical results from studies in the Western context. In addition, multiculturalism appears to affect anti-immigration attitudes when measured in terms of general immigration policies, but not when specific immigration groups are referenced. I conclude by discussing the implications of these new findings.     

Regional Modernization in China: Project Concept and Organization

Abstract

During the May Fourth Culture Movement, Chen Duxiu from New Youth and Du Yaquan of Eastern Miscellany engaged in a series of heated exchanges in their common search for a solution to the Republican crisis and an understanding of World War I. Du argued that nation-states are founded on the cultural and civilizational orientation of its people, therefore the essence of war and the source of political conflict are functions of the thoughts of the people. This insight shifted the debate from the political to the cultural arena, and allowed the May Fourth intellectuals to examine the attributes of Eastern and Western civilizations as a way to counter the threats of Hongxian monarchism, China’s political and social fragmentation, as well as the inadequacies of Western nation-statehood. Du predicted that the future master of the twentieth century would be a scientific laborer with a cultural outlook derived from the mediation of the traditional Chinese and twentieth-century European civilizations.¹     

重新审视马克思跨越思想的方法论意义

马克思的跨越思想,对于我们今天仍然具有十分重大的方法论意义：跨越资本主义“卡夫丁峡谷”走上社会主义道路应该是经济文化比较落后的国家社会发展合目的性的表现：跨越资本主义“卡夫丁峡谷”走上社会主义道路的国家必须遵循人类社会发展的最一般规律;必须注意防“左”,但是也要特别注意反“右”,在不同的阶段侧重点应有所偏重。     

论公安院校学生的职业形塑教育

职业形塑教育是公安高等教育的核心内容,是公安院校培养合格公安事业接班人的基本途径。在面临思想认识不深入、毕业生入警率下降、师资短缺等多重困境的情况下,只有通过深化思想认识、强化职业观教育、加强职业素质和综合素质等途径,不断加强公安院校学生的职业形塑教育,才能完成公安高等教育可持续发展的新任务,才能回应公安人才队伍建设职业化专业化的新期待,才能顺应时代发展和社会公众对公安工作的新要求。     

当代法哲学视域下的墨家法律观

当代法哲学视域下,墨家法律观首先在事实性的有效性向度上,认定和证成了法律的文本性、符号性、行动性、规则性、规范性、普遍性以及强制性等事实性的张力;其次,在法律有效性的规范性向度上,墨家以法为天,认定法源自于天,法是天的根本意志的体现,而天的意志的实质乃是——具有正义、平等、实践三个显著特点的——兼爱利民;其三,在交往理性的向度上,墨家把法的产生和生成、法的有效性及其实现,置于"从事"、"说书"尤其是"谈辩"的世界里,提出了语用谈辩的交往法律观:把法的有效性标准及其检验看作是,透过"古者圣王"、"百姓耳目"、"百姓人民"中的谈辩——即经过多主体的交往理性,而达成的"中效"或"共识"。墨家的交往法律观主张通过多主体之间的平等"谈辩",来化解"事实性"与"规范性"之间的紧张关系,从而实现"兴天下之利"的良性互动。