关于立法科学性的若干思考

立法科学性的实现是一个系统工程，合理的民主立法模式是实现立法科学性的重要保证。为提高代表性和立法质量，我国需要适当增加常委会组成人员的数量，逐步实现常委会组成人员的专职化，并进一步完善法规草案审议制度，延长必要审议时间。同时，有必要建立立法助理制度。要注意立法的成本与利益分析，考量目的与手段之关联性。     

Parentally imprinted allele (PIA) typing in the differentially methylated region upstream of the human H19 gene

The H19 gene is a paternally imprinted gene located on chromosome 11p15.5. In this study, the H19FR1 and H19FR2 haplotype polymorphisms including four and three SNPs, respectively, upstream of the H19 gene according to the GenBank sequence (accession no. AF125183) were investigated. Five haplotypes and nine genotypes were detected for H19FR1 in the Chinese Han population by means of PCR and subsequent denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The power of discrimination (Dp), polymorphism information content (PIC) and probability of paternity exclusion (PE) were estimated to be 0.803, 0.58 and 0.322, respectively. For the H19FR2, two haplotypes and three genotyes were observed, and the Dp, PIC and PE were 0.626, 0.37 and 0.162, respectively. Sequencing results showed that only two of the four reported SNPs, a7342g and g7547a, were detected in H19FR1 in the Chinese Han population, and two new SNPs, g7351c and a7357g, were found. In the H19FR2 region, only one of the three reported SNPs, a8097g, was detected. Based on the methylation status of the genomic DNA, selective detection of the parental alleles for H19FRs was examined by using two types of enzymes, the methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme (msRE) HpaII or HhaI and McrBC. Genomic DNA digested by either HpaII or HhaI, revealed a single band derived from the paternal allele, as a result of cleavage of unmethylated recognition sites on the maternal allele. On the contrary, the use of McrBC, which can digest a methylated paternal sequence, resulted in exclusively amplifying the maternal allele. This parentally imprinted allele (PIA) typing method could be one of the useful techniques for discriminating the parental origin of alleles.     

Reflection on the Criticism of Numerus Clausus

The origin of numerus clausus has its historical root and practical utility in protecting transaction safety. Some opinions against this principle lack empirical support, because rights outside statutory property rights, since utterly incapable of effective notice, cannot obtain a sort of absolute supremacy; therefore, various scenarios that propose to formulate property rights in accordance with customs and conventions are virtually impossible for technical implementation. Numerus clausus might restrict some rights of actors, but not their freedom to act, and as a result is not the opposite of the autonomy of private law. Translated from Journal of Jurisprudence, 6th Issue, 2004     

论强制措施的特殊诉讼价值

强制措施是法律赋予公、检、法机关的一种权力,对于刑事诉讼具有重要意义。强制措施既可以防止犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃避侦查、起诉和审判,防止他们制造诉讼障碍,也可以防止犯罪嫌疑人、被告人继续危害社会,这是强制措施的常规诉讼价值。强制措施还有促进程序正义、保障人权、推动法制教育等方面的特殊诉讼价值。     

广西断奶仔猪猪圆环病毒2型的检测

对广西 16个养猪场的 2 2份断奶仔猪病料用PCR技术检测猪圆环病毒 2型 (PCV 2 ) ,对阳性病料进一步检测猪瘟病毒、猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征病毒、伪狂犬病病毒及细菌性病原。结果 ,从南宁市郊某猪场表现衰弱症状的病猪病料中检测出PCV 2 ,而这些病料没有检出猪瘟病毒、猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征病毒、伪狂犬病病毒及可疑细菌 ,证实广西存在PCV 2引起的断奶仔猪多系统衰弱综合征 (PMWS)。     

犯罪率的情境分析：以韩国为个案

近些年,学者们试图对犯罪与社会环境之间的关系进行考察,但研究重点仅仅集中在经济背景或组织背景方面,而在政府对犯罪行为缺乏约束力方面则研究较少。从经济状况、警方的组织约束和政治因素这三方面按时间序列对韩国过去30年中的犯罪社会背景进行系列的分析,研究结果表明,第一,失业率是犯罪率变化最好的报警器,随着失业率的上升,财产犯罪和暴力犯罪的数量都在不断地上升;第二,警方普遍指出,没有发现警方的人均办案数量对犯罪率的变化有一致的影响;第三,政治强制、特别法的规制、政治犯的人数对犯罪率的影响也不一致。但是,在过去的三个专制政府期间,犯罪率有所下降,这作为支持政府实行专制统治的理由更加强化了对罪犯实施严酷的刑罚这一做法。     

社会阶层分化与党的先进性的实证研究:以广州为例

广州作为沿海地区的特大城市,其社会阶层分化所面临的社会结构变迁在全国具有典型性.由沿海地区阶层分化折射出来的中国社会阶层结构变化的基本格局及其演进的特点,一定程度上改变了执政党的执政环境和执政基础.通过对广州阶层分化的实证分析,阶层间利益关系复杂化、利益矛盾显形化、政治诉求多样化、社会参与差异化、价值取向世俗化、党员成分多元化,迫切需要从理论和实践的结合点上证明执政党及其执政的先进性.应对阶层分化对党的先进性提出的挑战,必须根据执政党的角色定位,从党的执政理念、执政过程、政党治理三个视角来积极寻找党的先进性的实现形式.     

THE FIGHT AGAINST TERROR

Chinese authorities vow to crack down on terrorism in cooperation with international communities Local police in northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region captured the last of the rioters responsible for a series of terrorist attacks in Lukqun Township in Shanshan County,Turpan Prefecture,on June26.Authorities announced the capture