方法论变迁视野中的动态利益集团形成理论

集团理论的重大发展和方法论的突破密切相关。多元主义理论深受行为主义的影响,认为社会结构的变迁促使具有共同利益的群体志愿组建利益集团。而集体行动理论采用理性分析的方法,认为人们在组建利益集团的集体行动过程中将遭遇"志愿失灵"。在多元主义和集体行动理论争论的基础上,动态利益集团形成理论开始关注社会稳定对集团政治的多重影响。     

The European Parliament and Comitology: On the Road to Nowhere?

The European Parliament has generally been deeply distrustful of the comitology system, primarily on the grounds that it allows the national administrations to undermine its supervisory role in the area of implementing legislation. Parliament has therefore sought to use the political, budgetary and jurisdictional means at its disposal to counteract the spread of comitology, or at least to promote the less intrusive forms of committee procedure. These initiatives have not, for the most part, been wholly successful; neither the interinstitutional agreements nor Parliament's arguments before the Court of Justice have produced the results it had hoped for. Parliament has been able, however, to use its Maastricht powers to influence the choice of committee procedure included in legislation adopted under codecision, and its budgetary tactics have forced the Commission to rationalise somewhat the annual expenditure on committees of all kinds and to bring a modicum of transparency into their operation. The imminence of the intergovernmental conference led to a suspension of hostilities towards the end of 1996.     

Intra-company technology transfer in a multinational industrial firm

Little literature has been developed to describe the process of transferring a corporation's technology between international units of that company for ultimate transfer to their external customers (Kimberly 1981 and Leonard-Barton and Sinha 1993). This paper addresses the issues at Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. involved in the transfer of applications technology. Technology is transferred from the unit of the corporation which develops the technology to international affiliates and subsidiaries. The ultimate goal is the support of product sales to the external industrial customer. A strategy for this type of organization is described which is supported by references to theoretical constructs in the literature and empirical observations from the organization itself.     

A PROACTIVE RESPONSE TO FAMILY VIOLENCE: THE RESULTS OF A RANDOMIZED EXPERIMENT

Recent British work has focused attention on preventing repeat victimization as part of an overall crime prevention strategy. Because domestic violence victims are among those most likely to suffer multiple victimizations, they are logical candidates for programs targeted at reducing repeat victimization.
This article reports on a joint law enforcement-social services approach to reduce the incidence of repeat domestic violence. The research design randomly assigned households reporting domestic incidents within two public housing police service areas in New York to receive or not receive a follow-up to the initial patrol response. (The follow-up visit was conducted by a police officer and a social worker.) In addition, housing projects in the same area were randomly assigned to receive or not receive public education about domestic violence.
Neither treatment produced a reduction in violence. However, households in projects that had received public education and households that received the follow-up visits were both more likely to report new violence to the police than households that did not receive the treatments. Moreover, the effect of the follow-up visit was most pronounced among households with more serious histories of violence. The results suggest that the interventions increased citizens' confidence in the ability of the police to handle domestic situations.     

从国家行政到公共管理——历史视角中的公共行政

20世纪 80年代初期以来 ,许多发达国家公共部门的管理在发生巨大的变化。这不仅仅是一种形式上的变革或管理风格的细微变化 ,而是在政府的社会角色下政府与公民关系方面所进行的改革。本文回顾了公共行政发展演变之路 ,希望能有益于社会转型之中的中国各级政府。     

经历非凡的职业革命家——鲍罗廷其人（下）

廖仲恺的去世,使鲍罗廷失去了一位忠实的助手。当时的广州局面是:孙中山病逝,廖仲恺遇害,胡汉民被撤职,汪精卫无能,而蒋介石阅历尚浅,更未经受深入考验。鲍罗廷感到广州的革命事业需要由他来直接和公开地加以控制,不然,就将瘫痪或四分五裂。严峻的形势,不容他犹豫或做其他选择。     

试析俄罗斯联邦的司法改革

1991年10月24日,俄罗斯联邦最高苏维埃批准了叶利钦总统提出的《俄罗斯联邦司法改革构想》。从1991年10月至今,俄罗斯联邦进行了3个阶段的司法改革,制定了大批司法机关组织法,颁布了宪法司法、民事司法、刑事司法、行政司法和仲裁司法领域的大批法律。本文拟在简要介绍俄司法机关改革和司法法律制度改革的基础上,分析俄司法改革的特点,评价俄司法改革的得失,同时探讨俄司法改革对我国的启示。     

核心价值观是人类文明的重要成果

日前,由上海市社会科学界联合会、中共上海青浦区委党校、上海市哲学学会、上海市伦理学会共同主办的"和谐社会与社会主义核心价值体系学术研讨会"在风景如画的古镇青浦举行。与会专家就构建核心价值体系的时代背景、精神资源、教化操作、方法论意义等做了广泛的讨论,现择选5位专家的观点编发,以期学界对这一话题有更深入的思考。