规范构成要件要素与明确性原则关系之辨正

在规范构成要件要素与明确性原则关系的探讨中,传统刑法理论从明确性原则角度审视规范构成要件要素,往往自陷困惑。如果从规范构成要件要素本身存在的原则基础出发,审视其与明确性原则之间的关系或许是一个很好的观察视角。     

(Re-)Setting the Scholarly Agenda on Transjudicial Communication

We consider the contributions made by Robert H. Bork's Coercing Virtue (2003) and Anne-Marie Slaughter's A New World Order (2004) to the ongoing debate over the citation of foreign law in United States courts. While empirically minded sociolegal scholars might be tempted to dismiss these books as mere op-eds, that would be a mistake. Taken with the spate of other recent work, they supply the makings of an agenda for rigorous research devoted to understanding the exchange of law among nations.     

Poppy seed ingestion as a contributing factor to opiate-positive urinalysis results: the Pacific perspective.

The possible contribution of poppy seed foods to positive opiate urinalysis results, especially from foods available in the Pacific Rim area, has recently become an issue for the U.S. Army Forensic Toxicology Drug Testing Laboratory in Hawaii. To assess the likelihood of this possible contribution, seven different poppy seed food products were consumed by male and female volunteers, and urine specimens were collected at time increments up to either 24 or 72 h. Specimens were evaluated for opiates using Roche Abuscreen radioimmunoassay (RIA), and all RIA positive specimens were analyzed for morphine and codeine using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Poppy seed cake, bagels, muffins, and rolls did not contain sufficient quantities of poppy seeds to give rise to opiate positive specimens by U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) GC-MS cutoff levels (morphine = 4000 ng/mL, codeine = 2000 ng/mL), although a number of specimens were positive by National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) cutoff levels (morphine and codeine = 300 ng/mL). However, ingestion of poppy seed streusel or Danish pastry led to confirmed morphine and codeine positive specimens, irrespective of the use of DOD or NIDA confirmation cutoff values. In addition, significant amounts of codeine were observed in a number of these specimens. These findings argue against the unqualified application of previously published quantitative guidelines for eliminating poppy seed ingestion as a possible cause for a positive opiate urinalysis result.     

SCHOOLS AS COMMUNITIES: THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG COMMUNAL SCHOOL ORGANIZATION,STUDENT BONDING,AND SCHOOL DISORDER*

Research has indicated that school factors such as communal school organization and student bonding are predictive of school disorder, with greater communal organization and greater student bonding leading to less delinquency and victimization. Data from a nationally representative sample of 254 public, nonalternative, secondary schools were used to examine structural equation models representing hypothesized relationships among communal school organization, student bonding, and school disorder. The hypothesis that communally organized schools would have less disorder held true for teacher victimization and student delinquency, but not for student victimization. In addition, the hypothesis that the relationship between communal school organization and school disorder would be mediated by student bonding was supported for student delinquency, but not for teacher victimization.     

伊朗问题的走向分析

美伊交恶已久,近来因伊朗核开发问题更是剑拔弩张。然而,伊朗核问题和平解决的可能性依旧存在,其中有美国中东政策的重点是否转移、伊朗利用核能的界限是否突破、国际社会的牵制作用以及美伊仍有互相妥协的余地等因素。但如果伊朗不能适时调整强硬政策,美国对伊动武的可能就会增大。     

津巴布韦严重的经济与政治危机剖析

当前,津巴布韦面临严重的经济与政治危机:工、农业生产持续衰退,通货膨胀率居高不下,债台高筑,国民经济总体状况恶化;国内各种政治势力不断制造事端;西方国家对穆加贝政权持续施压。这种危机状况既源于穆加贝政权抗衡西方式民主制而遭受西方国家的制裁,也与国内土地改革产生的负效应等因素不无关系。津巴布韦的经济与政治危机已引起国际社会密切关注。非洲国家,主要是南部非洲国家,寻求在穆加贝继续执政的框架内找到解决问题的办法。而以英、美为主导的西方国家执意继续施压,执意欲搞垮穆加贝政权。对此,津巴布韦政府通过平抑物价、实行企业股份本地化两项措施,以期缓解社会矛盾和改善民生。     

如何认识世界资本主义和社会主义的发展--对《九论社会主义和资本主义发展的历史进程》一书的几点意见

本文指出权威性著作<九论>对世界资本主义和社会主义发展的看法多有不实之处;作者认为世界资本主义与社会主义的发展各自以历了互相对应的四个阶段,社会主义先在俄、中等不发达国家实现确是早产,理应补生产力不足的课,社会主义苏联模式失败的深层原因在于它渗透了沙皇俄国军事封建帝国主义的糟粕,违背了科学社会主义原理.     

法律文化的语义、语境及其中国问题

法律文化的概念具有独特的含义,是指特定社会中植根于历史和文化的法律价值和观念。法律文化与文化和法律制度既有联系又有区别。法律文化可分为内行法律文化与外行法律文化、官方法律文化与民间法律文化、主流法律文化与非主流法律文化、本土法律文化与外来法律文化以及传统法律文化与现代法律文化。在当代中国法治的发展中,法律文化与法律制度之间以及不同法律文化之间存有冲突,我们应采取新的路径整合这些冲突。