津巴布韦严重的经济与政治危机剖析

当前,津巴布韦面临严重的经济与政治危机:工、农业生产持续衰退,通货膨胀率居高不下,债台高筑,国民经济总体状况恶化;国内各种政治势力不断制造事端;西方国家对穆加贝政权持续施压。这种危机状况既源于穆加贝政权抗衡西方式民主制而遭受西方国家的制裁,也与国内土地改革产生的负效应等因素不无关系。津巴布韦的经济与政治危机已引起国际社会密切关注。非洲国家,主要是南部非洲国家,寻求在穆加贝继续执政的框架内找到解决问题的办法。而以英、美为主导的西方国家执意继续施压,执意欲搞垮穆加贝政权。对此,津巴布韦政府通过平抑物价、实行企业股份本地化两项措施,以期缓解社会矛盾和改善民生。     

如何认识世界资本主义和社会主义的发展--对《九论社会主义和资本主义发展的历史进程》一书的几点意见

本文指出权威性著作<九论>对世界资本主义和社会主义发展的看法多有不实之处;作者认为世界资本主义与社会主义的发展各自以历了互相对应的四个阶段,社会主义先在俄、中等不发达国家实现确是早产,理应补生产力不足的课,社会主义苏联模式失败的深层原因在于它渗透了沙皇俄国军事封建帝国主义的糟粕,违背了科学社会主义原理.     

法律文化的语义、语境及其中国问题

法律文化的概念具有独特的含义,是指特定社会中植根于历史和文化的法律价值和观念。法律文化与文化和法律制度既有联系又有区别。法律文化可分为内行法律文化与外行法律文化、官方法律文化与民间法律文化、主流法律文化与非主流法律文化、本土法律文化与外来法律文化以及传统法律文化与现代法律文化。在当代中国法治的发展中,法律文化与法律制度之间以及不同法律文化之间存有冲突,我们应采取新的路径整合这些冲突。     

"First pass phenomenon" of inhaled gas in the fire victims

We investigated the differences in the levels of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), cyanide (HCN) and petroleum fuels (gasoline and kerosene) between left and right ventricular bloods from fire victims. COHb was slightly, and HCN and petroleum fuels were markedly higher levels in the left than those in the right. These effects were so called 'first pass phenomena' due to the circulation, diffusion and metabolization before the deaths of fire victims.     

Acidic and neutral drugs screen in blood with quantitation using microbore high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection and capillary gas chromatography–flame ionization detection

Blood previously acidified with aqueous saturated ammonium chloride solution was extracted with ethyl acetate. The dried extract was subjected to acetonitrile–hexane partition. The acetonitrile portion was analysed for the presence of acidic and neutral drugs by HPLC–DAD (200 mm×2.1 mm I.D. microbore ODS-Hypersil column) and GC–FID (25 m narrow-bore×0.25 mm I.D. HP-5 column with 0.33 μm film thickness). The protocol was found to be suitable for both clinical toxicology (including emergency toxicology) and postmortem toxicology. At least 66 drugs of interest were unequivocally identified by RRTs (HPLC) and UV spectra (DAD) match while another 12 were unequivocally identified by double RRTs match (HPLC and GC). Quantitation was facilitated by incorporating calibration blood standards in each assay batch. The five drugs most commonly encountered in clinical blood specimens (1150 cases) were: paracetamol (47.4% of the cases); chlormezanone (6.6%), theophylline (1.74%), naproxen (1.65%) and mefenamic acid (1.56%). The following drugs were detected in toxicologically significant quantities in postmortem blood specimens (245 cases): phenobarbitone (1.22% of the cases), naproxen (0.82%), chlormezanone (0.82%), theophylline (0.82%), carbamazepine (0.41%) and paracetamol (0.41%).     

Isolation of the DNA minisatellite probe MZ 1.3 and its application to DNA 'fingerprinting' analysis

A minisatellite probe, MZ 1.3, detecting hypervariable fragment patterns was isolated from a human genomic library. A repetitive sequence of 27 bp length was identified which is contained in the probe approx. 40 times. The MZ 1.3 repeat shows variable homology of 53-73% to the repetitive sequence of the protein III gene of the bacteriophage M13 genome. Polymorphic restriction fragment patterns were found with MZ 1.3 using the enzymes Hinf I, BstN I, Hae III, Mbo I, PstI/Pvu II, and Rsa I. An average of 18 polymorphic fragments was observed using Hinf I as enzyme. The band sharing frequency after Hinf I digestion among unrelated individuals was determined to be 23.8 +/- 7.2%. An example for the application of MZ 1.3 to paternity testing in an incest case is given. The probe can be used with radioactive or non-radioactive detection systems. An approach is presented to compare polymorphic fragment patterns from individuals obtained by independent gel runs on the basis of relative band positions (RBP) and calculated in a computerized analysis.