“强镇扩权”背景下乡镇权力运行规范化 ——以绍兴钱清镇的实践为例

乡镇政府权力规范运行,一直是政府管理研究的薄弱环节。强镇扩权,推进了城乡统筹发展的进程,也使权力运行风险不断增大。这就必然对乡镇政府权力规范运行提出新的要求,促使政府权力运行机制的革旧布新。钱清镇就中心镇权力规范运行进行了积极的探索,通过权力制约权力、权利制约权力、道德制约权力、法律制约权力相互协调的治理结构,将多种制约权力的途径结合起来形成了规范中心镇权力运行的“钱清规制”,探索了一条以规范乡镇权力运行推进城乡统筹、政府转型、社会稳定和反腐倡廉的新路。     

转变铁路经济增长方式实现跨越式发展

铁路作为我国重要的基础设施、国民经济"大动脉"和大众化交通工具,保证"人便其行、货畅其流",支持社会经济全面、协调、可持续发展是其基本职责。然而,由于发展长期滞后,运输能力严重不足,多年来,铁路却一直是国民经济发展的     

一部全面了解墨西哥政党政治发展的重要著作——评《墨西哥革命制度党的兴衰》

<正>历史进入新世纪后,一向被人们忽视的拉美成为社会关注的热点。"拉美化"、拉美政治更成为学术界议论纷纷的话题,拉美研究俨然成了学术界的"显学",各类出版物纷纷推出。可惜,在热闹的背后,鲜有严肃的学术著作。值得注意的是,还是有一些严谨的学者在辛勤耕耘,推出一些扎实的学术作品。2009年6月由世界知识出版社出版的《墨西哥革命制度党的兴衰》就是这样的著作。     

Public administration,context and innovation: A framework of analysis

Innovation in public administration (PA) has played a pivotal role in building good governance and has attracted significant attention in the academia. The literature on PA innovation is burgeoning; however, this article argues that there is ‘a missing link’ in the extant literature in that the impacts of variation in context on PA innovation have not been sufficiently investigated. This article elaborates the analytical perspectives on the influences of various contexts over PA innovation and the mechanisms through which impacts may take place. Both theoretical and methodological complexities and challenges are apparent in disentangling contextual influences from other factors. The article proposes a research agenda for a context‐orientated comparative analysis of PA innovation and offers a brief illustration regarding contextual differences between China and the European Union in existing studies. The article calls for further studies in this direction.     

工伤损害赔偿制度研究

我国未来应当构建工伤保险、侵权损害赔偿以及商业保险的综合救济体系。在解决工伤事故时,应当由工伤保险提供主要赔偿来源,同时保留受害雇员获得民事赔偿的权利,将民事侵权赔偿作为补充来源,并以雇员所受实际损害为最高限额;同时积极发挥商业保险作用,鼓励企业投保雇主责任险和意外伤害保险,分散企业经营风险,实现对企业更全面保护。     

公司章程“另有规定”检讨

公司法在有限责任公司股东表决权、股权转让、股权继承、股份有限公司利润分配等方面规定了公司章程“另有规定的,从其规定”,从而排除适用公司法的条款。初始章程与章程修正案具有不同的法理基础,公司章程“另有规定”的效力应分别作判断。在适用法上,公司章程“另有规定”应贯彻股东平等原则。     

大鼠肌肉中微生物ATP含量及其在死亡时间推断中的应用

目的 研究死后大鼠肌肉组织中微生物ATP浓度变化及其与死亡时间(postmortem interval,PMI)的关系. 方法取健康SD大鼠处死,死后不同时间取肌肉组织,用生物发光法检测微生物ATP浓度,对所得数据进行统计学处理.结果 死后肌肉组织中微生物ATP含量随时间延长而增加,于7d达到高峰,随后逐渐降低,并于10d再次略微升高.PMI在0～9d内与肌肉中微生物ATP含量变化拟合最优.以PMI为自变量的三次多项式回归方程为:y=0.020x3-0.166x2-0.666x+13.412(r2=0.989,P<0.01).结论 死后肌肉组织中微生物ATP含量变化可用于PMI推测;本检测方法所需检材量小,不受组织自身降解的影响.     

朝鲜核行为预测:变化无常 还是有章可循

学界普遍默认朝鲜对外政策难以预测,因此大量研究始终停留在“事后”诠释的水平,缺乏预判性、前瞻性研究。作者挑战了这一成见,建立了关于朝鲜核试验和导弹试验行为的短期预测模型。通过以2006～2018年朝鲜媒体国际新闻报道为数据集,以每月的数据作为一个数据样本,通过构建最优特征集,应用朴素贝叶斯方法,建立了朝鲜核行为的预测模型。经过测试,模型对朝鲜历史行为的“预测”整体准确率超过80%。预测效果良好,且模型具有稳健性。根据统计结果建立的预测朝鲜核行为的预警指标体系,可以从长期、中期和短期三个时段实时监测朝鲜核动向。为解决报道搜集相对滞后的问题,运用SARIMA时间序列分析方法,模拟补全出未来六个月的特征集数值,估算数据在统计上具备可信性,预测准确率高。研究发现,朝鲜核行为远非外界印象中那样无章可循,事实上,朝鲜在相当长时间段内的核行为呈现出高度稳定的模式化倾向。即使像朝鲜这样信息极度封闭的国家,采用适当方法仍然可以对其行为做出较准确的预测。这种建模方法能够为发展关于国家行为预测的一般方法提供启发。     

Intergenerational Transmission of Educational Aspirations in Chinese Families: Identifying Mediators and Moderators

Parents’ educational aspirations for youth play an important role in shaping youth’s own educational aspirations; however, little is known about how and in what context parents may transmit their aspirations to youth effectively. This is of particular interest and import to be examined in Chinese families, given Chinese cultural emphasis on educational achievement and Chinese youth’s outstanding academic performance internationally. By integrating several key theories of motivation and parental socialization (i.e., the expectancy-value model of academic achievement, the two-step model of value transmission, the contextual model of parenting, and the self-determination theory), the current study investigated simultaneously the mediating roles of parental involvement in youth’s learning and youth’s perceptions of parental aspirations, as well as the moderating role of parental warmth in the intergenerational transmission process of educational aspirations in Chinese families. A two-wave longitudinal study spanning about half a year was conducted among 323 Chinese seventh graders (54% female; M_age?=?13.25 years) and one of their parents (median educational attainment?=?completion of high school, median monthly income?=?USD 766–1226). It was found that parental educational aspirations for youth were related positively both indirectly through parental involvement and directly to youth’s perceptions of parental aspirations, which in turn were associated positively with youth’s own educational aspirations about half a year later. It was also found that parental educational aspirations for youth and youth’s own educational aspirations were associated positively with each other only when youth reported experiencing high levels of parental warmth, but unrelated when youth reported experiencing low levels of parental warmth, whereas such moderating effects of parental warmth were absent on the links from parental aspirations to youth’s perceptions of parental aspirations and parental involvement. These findings highlight the importance of integrating multiple theories to understand parent-to-youth transmission of educational aspirations in non-western cultures, which helps not only reveal generalizability, as well as boundary conditions for Western-originated theories, but also inform practical endeavors at promoting youth’s educational achievement worldwide to draw on strengths of different cultures.     

论反国际恐怖主义法

从客观基础、形成发展过程两个方面论述国际法将形成新的分支,即反国际恐怖主义法。目前反国际恐怖主义法已经初具规模,我国的国际法学界已经对反对“国际恐怖主义”斗争中涉及到的重大国际法问题进行了较为深入的探讨和研究,当然对这一领域的研究还有待加强。