China's exchange rate and the balance of trade

This paper examines the responsiveness of the balance of trade of the People's Republic of China to the real exchange rate. We find that, in both the short-run and the long-run, devaluation serves to improve the balance of trade. Using quarterly data for 1980:I to 1989:IV we show that the bulk of the response to devaluation occurs over a one year period, with noJ-curve effect. These results suggest that the two-tier price system and other measures to liberalize the Chinese economy have made the exchange rate an effective indirect tool for regulating trade.     

第一部法律专业适用的《法学英语读本》即将出版

<正> 第一部供法律专业读者使用的《法学英语读本》将在今年第三季度由法律出版社出版。该书由中国政法大学罗典荣副教授和苏绍亨同志主编,以原北京政法学院1981—82年为部分教师举办的专业英语班临时教材作为基础加工编写,经中国人民大学英语教授许孟雄审校。全书总计632页,共选课文15课,前5课属一般性内容,后10课则选自英美等国的法律教科书。     

用VBA语言开发群体遗传学统计分析软件

目的开发适用于短串联重复序列(STR)基因座群体遗传学统计分析的软件,促进和加快STR基因座群体遗传学基础研究。方法选用简单易用的MicrosoftVBAforExcel语言,利用宏功能,开发STR基因座群体遗传学统计分析软件。结果开发建立了基于VBA语言的“群体遗传学分析易”软件,能进行STR基因座群体遗传学分析。结论开发的基于VBA语言的“群体遗传学分析易”软件,具有计算统计功能完善、输入格式兼容性好、使用方便、输出格式清晰易懂的特点,可在国内外STR基因座群体遗传学研究领域推广应用。     

The role of beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) staining in the neuropathologic evaluation of sudden infant death and in the initiation of clinical investigations of subsequent siblings

This report highlights the importance of undertaking immunohistochemical staining of the brains of infants who die unexpectedly, as it may not only assist with the evaluation of the cause of death in an individual infant but may also help with the clinical management of subsequent siblings. A 5-month-old male infant who died suddenly was found to have diffuse beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) staining in the brain, with no unusual features in his history, death scene examination, routine autopsy dissection, and ancillary tests to suggest any definite cause of death. Due to the beta-APP staining, the possibility of previous episodes of occult trauma, apparent life threatening events (ALTEs), and accidental or inflicted suffocation was raised in the autopsy report. As detailed analyses and investigations provided no supportive evidence for trauma or inflicted injury, hypoxia was clinically considered the most likely cause. Because of these concerns, sleeping oxygen saturation levels were monitored following the birth of a subsequent sibling who had normal APGAR scores and no evidence of any health problems. Oxygen desaturation to 70% occurred in association with a color change while on the postnatal ward, and a subsequent polysomnogram showed multiple episodic significant desaturations to around 80% in association with central apnea. Other testing was unremarkable. These cases demonstrate that beta-APP staining of the brain may not only provide clues as to possible mechanisms of death in pediatric forensic cases but may indicate a need for careful clinical evaluation of subsequent siblings for possible central apnea requiring oxygen therapy.     

宋词中的“扇”意象及其内涵与情感基调

到了宋代,"扇"意象成为词中常见的意象之一.无论通过"扇"为女性代言,还是借女性"团扇"之悲写不遇之情,还是直言"扇"写词人自己的惜别、怀旧或是寄寓之情,总笼罩着一层颇为感伤的情感色彩.这与"扇"意象本身的文化积淀及宋词总体的情感基调有着密切的关系."扇"意象在宋词中得到更深更远的发展,充满永恒的艺术魅力.     

中、西法学语境中的“法律道德性”

个人道德可以说一直是中国传统的"司法理论"或"司法哲学"的基本问题之一,道德性是在这一层面进入中国传统"司法"的.而西方学者讨论的所谓的法律的道德性问题完全不同,概括起来是自然法和实证法的冲突问题.可以将中国传统社会案件审理中所涉及的道德称为"司法者的道德性",将西方法理学强调的道德称为"法律或司法的道德性".     

书法与教育、读书

该文阐述了重视书法教育的意义不仅在于提高学生的书写技能,还可以增加学生对祖国语言文字的认识,加深他们对传统文化的理解,拓宽眼界,陶冶情操,培养其审美情趣和审美能力,全面提升其素质。并提出,书法不等于写字。仅仅写好字并不一定能成为好的书法家;饱读诗文、博览群书,文化修养极高、又能写好字的人,才能成为好的书法家。     

高职学生公共英语学习心理障碍及对策浅析

在英语学习中,学习者的情感因素起着至关重要的作用。对高职学生公共英语学习中常见的几种心理障碍的表现和成因进行分析,提出相应的解决对策,指出在英语教学中只有培养学生良好的学习习惯和健康的心理状态,帮助他们克服英语学习的心理障碍,才能使他们的英语语言应用能力得到提高。     

Tolerance and economic growth revisited: a note

Berggren and Elinder (BE) in this journal write on the relationship between the degree of tolerance in a nation and its rate of economic growth. They are disturbed to find in their cross sections that faster economic growth statistically goes together with intolerance of homosexuals. In this comment, we revisit the issue and demonstrate that the concern expressed by BE is unwarranted if we properly account for ??conditional convergence?? in the regressions for economic growth. Other things being equal, a country grows faster if it starts from a poorer initial position. In the BE dataset, China since the Deng reforms is a prime example. At about the same time, another group of countries managed to accelerate their economic growth after a long period of stagnation: the ex-communist countries in central and Eastern Europe. Many of these nations also grew exceptionally fast for a number of years, once freedom had been regained and the initial chaos overcome. With simple modeling of these historical initial conditions, we find no statistical pattern that associates bias against homosexuals with weaker economic growth. Our results are robust under alternative specifications.