论精神病人强制医疗诉讼程序的构建

我国刑法规定的精神病人强制医疗制度存在性质不清、适用对象单一、适用条件模糊、决定主体不明以及适用程序缺失等问题,致使这一制度的现实运行缺乏程序保障。构建科学、完备的强制医疗诉讼程序,既符合正当程序和人权保障的要求,也有利于发挥医疗救助和社会防卫之功能。我国刑事诉讼法应对强制医疗的适用对象、条件、程序的启动、法庭审理以及裁判和救济等基本程序作出规定,以实现强制医疗制度的司法化和诉讼化。     

青少年法制教育的动力与保障

对青少年的法制教育，是我国主导性培育公民法律素质推演化进程的核心内容之一。青少年法制教育的动力总量取决于三方面：一是来自个人本体、群体组织和社会整体的分力是否形成合力；二是权利意识和法律品质的客观状况；三是传递载体及渠道的发育水平。青少年法制教育的保障政能，则取决于观念导向、政策指引、环境协同、途径优化等结构要素及其互动机制的完善程度。     

与时俱进的艺术创新

随着社会主义市场经济的高速发展和人们生活水平的提高,全社会表现出日益高涨的文化需求,艺术事业只不断革故鼎新、勇于创造,才能满足广大人民群众的精神文化生活需要,也才能使艺术之树长青。     

从法院判决的稳定性解读法律运行的不确定性

对同一案件事实,相同的诉讼证据,不同的法官为何会有不同的认定?同类的案件,相近的事实,为什么不同的法院会作出截然相反的判决?这种法律在运行过程中,由于受到各种因素的制约与影响,使立法者的立法初衷在法律实践中发生了各种形式的变异,就是法律运行的不确定性。本文将在现行司法体制的框架下,剖析法律运行中的不确定性因素,探讨降低法律运行不确定性的对策。以期降低各种不确定性因素对司法行为的不当影响,提高司法能力,构筑法治状态下的和谐社会。     

《道路交通事故受伤人员伤残评定》中精神伤残程度司法鉴定相关问题探讨

在法医精神病学鉴定实践中,精神伤残的评定越来越多。现行《道路交通事故受伤人员伤残评定》标准中关于精神伤残评定的相关条款过于笼统,可操作性差,常因认识不一致而产生歧义。本文结合典型案例主要从三个方面对精神伤残司法鉴定中常见问题进行探讨:(1)在评定智力缺损程度时,应结合伤前智商进行评定;(2)精神伤残评定的时间应在医疗终结后一年;(3)精神伤残评定中应引入量表进行客观评价。     

挤压家兔后肢导致急性肝损伤和抗氧化能力降低

目的本实验观察挤压家兔后肢导致肝氧化损伤,探讨氧化应激在挤压家兔后肢导致肝损伤中的作用。方法用标准重物间断压迫家兔后肢复制模型。采用生化方法检测ALT和AST活性;分析天平称重方法检测肝脏湿干重比值(W/D);比色法测定肝组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)以及丙二醛(MDA)含量变化;并观察肝组织病理学改变。结果血清ALT和AST活性明显增高(P<0.01),肝细胞明显肿胀,肝窦轻度淤血,而肝脏湿干重比值(W/D)轻度增加(P<0.05);肝脏氧化损伤明显加重,MDA含量增高,而肝脏抗氧化能力下降,SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活性和T-AOC分别比对照组降低了17%、29%、24%和21%(P均<0.01)。结论挤压家兔后肢引起急性肝损伤及肝脏的抗氧化能力下降;肝脏局部抗氧化能力下降可能是肝损伤的重要因素。     

执政党执政合法性的内涵与资源探析

在政党政治时代,执政合法性是任何执政党必然面对和必须重视的首要问题,也是执政党有效运作的首要条件,缺乏合法性即面临合法性危机,就会导致执政党执政权力的削弱甚至执政地位的丧失。     

Morphometrics of the hyoid bone for human sex determination from digital photographs

The identification of unknown remains is very important. When unknown remains are found, anthropologists first determine their sex and age. The sex of most skeletons is determined by their shape. In the hyoid bone, the shape is sex related, so it can be used forensically to determine the sex. This study focused on sex-based morphometry of the hyoid bone in Koreans using digital photographs. Hyoid bones from 52 males and 33 females were examined. For each subject, we took 34 measurements from photographs using a computer program, and the data were analyzed statistically using SPSS 11.0. Twenty-one of 34 measurements had significant sex differences (p<0.05). The discriminant functions based on three measurements (X(1)-X(3)) were as follows: The accuracy of discriminant functions is 88.2% in both groups, so these can be used to distinguish males from females in a statistically significant manner.     

Forensic genetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA hypervariable region I/II sequences: an expanded Korean population database

We have analyzed variation of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) hypervariable segments I and II (HVS-I and HVS-II) in 185 randomly chosen individuals from Korea to provide an expanded and reliable Korean database. Combined sequence comparison of HVS-I and HVS-II led to the identification of 167 different haplotypes characterized by 154 variable sites. One hundred and fifty-one of the haplotypes were individual-specific, 14 were found in two individuals and 2 were found in three individuals. A pairwise comparison of the 185 HVS-I/II sequences found an average of 10.11 +/- 4.63 differences between individuals. The random match probability and gene diversity for the combined hypervariable regions were estimated at 0.66% and 0.9988, respectively. Analyzing the expanded database including three previously reported data sets and the present data using haplogroup-based comparisons and comparison with closely related sequences allowed errors to be detected and eliminated, thus considerably improving data quality. Sample division comparisons based on PhiST genetic distance measures revealed no significant population differentiation in the distribution of mtDNA sequence variations between the present data set and a database in The Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), but did indicate differences from other sets of data. Based on the results of mtDNA profiles, almost all of the mtDNA types studied here could be classified into subsets of haplogroups common in east Asia, and show that the Koreans possess lineages from both the southern and the northern haplogroup complexes of east Asian populations. The new data, combined with other mtDNA sequences, demonstrate how useful comparison with closely related mtDNA sequences can be for improving database quality, as well as providing haplotype information for forensic and population genetic analyses in the Korean population.     

论挪用型犯罪中“营利活动”的司法认定

挪用型犯罪中的"营利活动"不仅包括民商事法律领域所指的"营利活动",还包括多种非典型的"营利活动".行为人挪用资金后自用或者参与使用这笔资金,有可能得到收益或者减少自己支出的行为,都属于刑法挪用型犯罪的"营利活动"范畴.在此基础上,依据对社会经济秩序的危害程度,可以将挪用型犯罪中的"营利活动"分三个层次,在量刑上予以区别.