猪水泡病病毒分离物之间的抗原差异以及它们与B5型科赛奇病毒的关系

在猪已经有过一种水泡病的几次流行,其病原证明是一种肠道病毒。第一次流行在1966年发生于意大利,接着又于1971年在香港发生一次流行。1972至73年冬季在联合王国发生了一次更严重而广泛的流行,同一时期还曾在奥地利、法国、意大利和波兰报告过其他几次流行。1973年6月又在联合王国发生过一些疫情。从流行病学的观点上来看,重要的是要知道各国的疾病是否由同一毒株所致的。通过用在天竺鼠制备的特异抗血清作补体结合试验(与     

在蚀斑减少中和试验和放射免疫扩散试验中正常牛血清对口蹄疫病毒的交叉反应

摘要 曾用蚀斑减少中和技术和放射免疫扩散技术对150头非已知接触口蹄疫病毒的牛血清进行了检验,以估价在这些试验中交叉反应的意义和程度。对采自五个地区每个地区30头牛的血清,用7个型中各型有代表性的口蹄疫病毒进行检验。在特定的组群血清中,用放射免疫扩散技术和蚀斑减少中和技术发现在同一时间中均 有交叉反应的高水平。也看到用蚀斑减少中和技术对亚洲、南非Ⅰ、南非Ⅱ、南非Ⅲ型比对A、O或C型毒交叉反应的水平高,而用放射兔疫扩散技术对南非Ⅱ和南非Ⅲ型交叉反应水平也较高。对大多数血清反应的表现是颇为特异性的;已知血清往往仅同一或二种病毒有反应。     

Socioeconomic change and suicide: a time-series study from the Republic of Ireland

This ecological study examined the association between seven socioeconomic indicators (GDP, unemployment rate, female labor force participation rate, alcohol expenditure, marriage rate, percentage of births outside of marriage, and indictable crime rate) and total, male, and female rates of suicide and suicide plus undetermined death in Ireland during the period 1968-2000. Analysis of the data expressed as absolute values showed highly significant associations between the socioeconomic indicators and the total, male, and female suicide rates. However, these associations were explained by the strongly trended data. The trended nature of the data was removed by using year-to-year differences. Analysis of the first-differenced data showed that none of the socioeconomic indicators was associated with the total, male, or female suicide rates with the exception of indictable crime, which had a significant independent effect on the female suicide rate (coefficient = 2.0, p < .01) but not on suicide plus undetermined death. This study highlights the need to use econometric methods in time-trend analyses, the lack of age-sex specific exposure data in this area, and the challenge of understanding trends in suicide in their socioeconomic context.