Research Note: Libertarian-authoritarian Value Change in Britain, 1974–2001

This research note explores the mechanisms behind age differences and changes over time in one of the two major value dimensions in British politics, libertarian-authoritarianism. I show that the British electorate has become substantially more libertarian over the last 30 years, but that older people have remained more authoritarian than younger people over this period. Conventionally, due to the problem of the under-identification of models containing age, period and cohort variables, it is difficult to assess whether this indicates generational differences, and generational change, or not. This paper overcomes some of these problems however, by measuring social ageing factors, such as marriage, and using panel data to rigorously assess how individuals change due to these social ageing factors. I find little evidence of psychologists' claims that social ageing leads to increases in authoritarianism, and conclude that both age differences and changes over time are generational in nature.     

A Framework for Assessing Incentives in Results-Based Management

Many governmental results-based management systems have not produced the expected positive effects. This article analyzes the reasons for this common disappointment by looking at three components of results-based management—results-specific information, capacities, and incentives—and concludes that incentives are often the least developed. It then synthesizes a simple framework for evaluating the efficacy of results-oriented incentives. To be successful, results-specific incentives must be tailored to fit four program characteristics: timeliness, political environment, clarity of the cause-and-effect chain, and tightness of focus. This framework suggests that some systems put too exclusive an emphasis on budgetary incentives and could be strengthened by emphasizing personnel-system rewards, especially those that look beyond business models.     

构建循环经济的产业体系

循环经济的产业体系由生态农业、生态工业、生态服务业构成。从长远来看,我国应当逐步构建循环经济的产业体系。当前应重点办好多种形式的生态农业园;积极推进工业生态化,实现资源循环利用和综合利用;加快发展生态服务业;建设生态城市。     

刑事侦察防范理论研究与思考

在当前形势下,开展刑事侦察防范是加强刑侦工作的一项重要措施.它对于刑侦部门专业化建设,强化业务基础工作,建立刑事犯罪情报信息系统,增加发现犯罪、制止犯罪的方法手段,寻找更多的侦破案件途径,提高刑侦队伍的快速反应能力,有效地预防犯罪、减少侵害结果的发生和打击刑事犯罪活动具有十分重要的战略意义.     

ACTA对我国国际贸易的影响及其应对策略

发达国家认为现有的TRIPS协议,虽一定程度上提高了国际知识产权的保护水平,但其在知识产权执法实践方面仍然不完善。所以,欧、美、日等主要发达国家又发起并制定了反假冒贸易协定(ACTA)。协议要求成员国强化打击假冒和盗版行为的力度,建立更高标准、更具体、更强硬的知识产权全球执法框架,并建立一个类似于世界贸易组织和世界知识产权组织国际机构以外的理事机构。ACTA的签订必将对国际贸易产生重要影响,尤其会给发展中国家的国际贸易造成巨大冲击。因此,应认真分析协议可能给我国带来的负面影响,并采取相应对策。     

刑事诉权初探

现代诉权是宪法性权利,刑事诉权也不例外。刑事诉权的概念不能简单借鉴其他诉权的概念,它应等同于自诉权与公诉权之和,是指刑事纠纷的当事人因权益受侵害,依法请求国家专门机关通过诉讼方式依正当程序解决该刑事纠纷和附带民事诉讼纠纷,并最终由裁判机关依法做出裁决的宪法性基本权利。从最终意义上讲,刑事纠纷的最终解决机关应当是法院,但在审前程序中,又不应当仅仅限于法院。刑事诉权具有主体多样性、内部关系复杂性、阶段性、其他诉权的后盾与保障等特征。对于当事人诉权主体而言,刑事诉权是基本人权在刑事诉讼中的具体化。当事人适格及诉的利益是其必备要素。     

新思想库与奥巴马政府的亚洲政策决策——以新美国安全研究中心为例

在美国对外政策决策体系中,思想库在政策理念创新、人才储备、打造政策辩论平台以及教育和引导公众等方面具有非凡的作用。新近兴起的新美国安全研究中心对奥巴马政府的对外政策影响巨大。该中心的亚洲政策研究强调务实的态度,注重美国对亚洲事务的重新"参与",倡导强化和升级美国在亚洲的联盟关系,推动美国积极介入地区多边制度,其政策建议通过"旋转门制度"等对当前美国的亚洲政策决策产生了深刻影响。