The Ends of Innocence: Age as a Mode of Inquiry in Sociolegal Studies

This article considers two recent books in the history of childhood, youth, and the law: Holly Brewer, By Birth or Consent and Stephen Robertson, Crimes Against Children . It argues that these works mark the emergence of age as a category of analysis in sociolegal studies. It calls for further investigations in the legal history of childhood and youth, outlines several areas of interest, and suggests that attention to age will alter how scholars look at the law by complicating key concepts such as innocence, authority, and citizenship. Studies of age and the law could benefit from cross-cultural and transnational approaches.     

Making Sense of COMPSTAT: A Theory-Based Analysis of Organizational Change in Three Police Departments

COMPSTAT, the latest innovation in American policing, has been widely heralded as a management and technological system whose elements work together to transform police organizations radically. Skeptical observers suggest that COMPSTAT merely reinforces existing structures and practices. However, in trying to assess how much COMPSTAT has altered police organizations, research has failed to provide a broader theoretical basis for explaining how COMPSTAT operates and for understanding the implications of this reform. This article compares two different perspectives on organizations—technical/rational and institutional—to COMPSTAT's adoption and operation in three municipal police departments. Based on fieldwork, our analysis suggests that relative to technical considerations for changing each organization to improve its effectiveness, all three sites adopted COMPSTAT in response to strong institutional pressures to appear progressive and successful. Furthermore, institutional theory better explained the nature of the changes we observed under COMPSTAT than the technical/rational model. The greatest collective emphasis was on those COMPSTAT elements that were most likely to confer legitimacy, and on implementing them in ways that would minimize disruption to existing organizational routines. COMPSTAT was less successful when trying to provide a basis for rigorously assessing organizational performance, and when trying to change those structures and routines widely accepted as being "appropriate." We posit that it will take profound changes in the technical and institutional environments of American police agencies for police departments to restructure in the ways anticipated by a technically efficient COMPSTAT.     

SUPERVISING VISITS BETWEEN PARENT AND CHILD

Serious conflicts can arise when contacts between a child and a parent require supervision unless specific guidelines and objectives are clarified for all involved parties. This article discusses supervision objectives, the importance of maintaining the parent-child relationship, instances warranting recommendation for no parental contact, qualifications of the supervisor, and practical guidelines for supervision.     

2005年中国法律史学学术研究回顾

一、概况 2005年中国法律史学学术研究成果丰富,学术交流活跃.就研究成果而言,据有关报刊杂志及中国人民大学书报资料中心有关论文"索引"和<新华文摘>所辑报刊目录的统计,①2005年发表的有关中国法律史及中日、中西法律史比较的研究论文近四百篇,专著数十种.2005年的中国法律史学学术研究有三个特点:第一,大量的研究成果反映了学科研究的细化和向纵深的发展,近四百篇学术论文几乎涵盖了自三代至新中国数千年每一个历史阶段,并涉及到法律所关涉到的方方面面问题.比如,宏观地研究中国传统法的内容与特点、中国古代法律形成的历史背景和文化基础等等,应该指出的是,在宏观研究中,并不乏对一朝代或一王朝法律细致的陈述和分析.     

伊朗问题的走向分析

美伊交恶已久,近来因伊朗核开发问题更是剑拔弩张。然而,伊朗核问题和平解决的可能性依旧存在,其中有美国中东政策的重点是否转移、伊朗利用核能的界限是否突破、国际社会的牵制作用以及美伊仍有互相妥协的余地等因素。但如果伊朗不能适时调整强硬政策,美国对伊动武的可能就会增大。     

津巴布韦严重的经济与政治危机剖析

当前,津巴布韦面临严重的经济与政治危机:工、农业生产持续衰退,通货膨胀率居高不下,债台高筑,国民经济总体状况恶化;国内各种政治势力不断制造事端;西方国家对穆加贝政权持续施压。这种危机状况既源于穆加贝政权抗衡西方式民主制而遭受西方国家的制裁,也与国内土地改革产生的负效应等因素不无关系。津巴布韦的经济与政治危机已引起国际社会密切关注。非洲国家,主要是南部非洲国家,寻求在穆加贝继续执政的框架内找到解决问题的办法。而以英、美为主导的西方国家执意继续施压,执意欲搞垮穆加贝政权。对此,津巴布韦政府通过平抑物价、实行企业股份本地化两项措施,以期缓解社会矛盾和改善民生。     

如何认识世界资本主义和社会主义的发展--对《九论社会主义和资本主义发展的历史进程》一书的几点意见

本文指出权威性著作<九论>对世界资本主义和社会主义发展的看法多有不实之处;作者认为世界资本主义与社会主义的发展各自以历了互相对应的四个阶段,社会主义先在俄、中等不发达国家实现确是早产,理应补生产力不足的课,社会主义苏联模式失败的深层原因在于它渗透了沙皇俄国军事封建帝国主义的糟粕,违背了科学社会主义原理.     

深化教育行政管理研究为推进教育改革创新服务

加快推进教育行政管理改革创新，已成为新形势下促进教育改革发展的重要关注点和着力点。中国教育学会教育行政专业委员会的成立，为从事教育管理的实际工作者和理论工作者搭建了一个科学研究、政策分析、经验分享和相互学习提高的新平台，对于深化教育行政管理研究和推动实践创新，将发挥积极作用和影响：要努力推进教育行政管理方面的学术研究和理论创新；积极推进教育行政管理改革和实践创新；深入开展教育方针政策的学习、宣传和咨询服务；促进教育行政管理干部队伍建设和能力水平提升。当前和今后一段时期。该专业委员会将围绕《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要》精神的贯彻实施开展学习宣传和咨询服务工作，围绕深化教育行政管理体制改革组织学术研究和交流活动，积极开展教育行政管理干部的教育培训等工作。     

中美警务技能战术教学训练之比较

加强中美警察在警务技能战术教学训练的研究,对中美警察警务技能与战术的课程设置、教学内容及训练方法、教官队伍建设等多方面加以比较,提出学习美国警察在警务技能战术教学训练方面先进的经验和做法,以促进我国警察在技能战术教学训练方面的发展     

法律文化的语义、语境及其中国问题

法律文化的概念具有独特的含义,是指特定社会中植根于历史和文化的法律价值和观念。法律文化与文化和法律制度既有联系又有区别。法律文化可分为内行法律文化与外行法律文化、官方法律文化与民间法律文化、主流法律文化与非主流法律文化、本土法律文化与外来法律文化以及传统法律文化与现代法律文化。在当代中国法治的发展中,法律文化与法律制度之间以及不同法律文化之间存有冲突,我们应采取新的路径整合这些冲突。