Bureaucracy and implementation of complex tasks in rapidly developing states: Evidence from Indonesia

Political institutions play key roles in rapidly developing states. This article describes the complex and overlapping responsibilities of Indonesian government institutions and explains how they affect policy design and implementation in two policy arenas: primary education and soil/water conservation. It suggests that the struggles for control over local level implementation between general (territorial) regional government and branch offices of specialized, central ministries seriously constrain performance in these two sectors. Dwight Y. King is associate professor of political science and associate of the Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 (internet: dking@niu.edu). He continues use research on how the structures of national bureaucracies and the policies governing them affect civil servants’ behavior and economic development, as well as the political economy of bureaucratic reform.     

State Taxation of Interstate Sales: Enforcement Problems and Prospects

In their search for additional revenues, state governments in recent years have turned greater attention to collection of use taxes. Growth in interstate mail order sales has vastly increased the potential yield from use taxes, but Supreme Court decisions have limited the ability of states to effectively collect the tax. States have attempted to overcome enforcement barriers by joining in interstate use tax compliance compacts, and promoting congressional legislation to overcome constitutional prohibitions.     

A survey of the concentration of 19-OH F1 alpha/F2 alpha prostaglandins in the semen of fertile, infertile and vasectomized men and their stability in both liquid semen and semen stains

The levels of 19-hydroxy-prostaglandins F1 alpha/F2 alpha (PG F) in the semen of 19 vasectomized, 44 infertile and 8 fertile men were determined using a simple RIA technique. The mean concentrations observed in this survey were 45 micrograms/ml, 49.5 micrograms/ml and 59 micrograms/ml, respectively. No significant difference was recorded between the vasectomized and infertile groups; there were too few fertile samples available to undertake a meaningful statistical comparison. No reduction was observed in the levels of this PG in a liquid semen sample retained at room temperature over a 4 week period in the presence of a bacteriostat (sodium azide). However, a 30% reduction in the levels of 19-OH PG F occurred over the same time period when aliquots of the same semen sample were retained at either room temperature or at 4 degrees C without azide. Finally, no reduction was observed in the concentration of 19-OH PG F in a series of 10-microliters semen stains stored over a period of 6 weeks at room temperature.     

Teaching and assessing leadership courses at the John F. Kennedy school of government

The development of leadership courses aimed at usefulness in practice requires new theory and pedagogy, as well as a hard look at assessing course effectiveness: How useful do students find the course materials for analyzing their past professional experience? How relevant and effective do students find the courses for understanding and intervening into politics and organizations after rejoining professional life? A summary is provided of the setting, theory, and methods for these courses, as well as the results of a survey of students after they had resumed their careers. The authors conclude with a brief discussion of the risks involved in teaching leadership.     

Pluralism or State Autonomy? The Case of Amnesty International (British Section): the Insider/Outsider Group

This paper presents a case study of Amnesty International's relationship with the British Government. It demonstrates that Amnesty has a close working relationship with the Foreign Office over human rights violations abroad but is excluded from policy formation with regard to human rights in Britain. The differential treatment accorded to this legitimate group within different policy networks is discussed with regard to pluralist and state autonomy theories. It concludes that present accounts of pluralism cannot be empirically differentiated from reasonable theories of state autonomy.