公共性:中国城市住房政策的理性回归

住房政策作为公共政策的重要组成部分,理应具有公共性。但由于政府经济人理性的有限性、公民参与机制的不完善、住房政策偏重于经济效率目标等因素,我国的住房政策缺失公共性,并由此产生了一系列的后果。为此,政府应采取相关措施,使住房政策理性回归其应有的价值内涵——公共性。     

无就业增长背景下重庆构建和谐社会的对策研究

无就业增长是目前经济学界面临的又一大困惑,而全球金融危机对世界各国经济造成了严重影响,其对就业的破坏性影响更将持续较长时间。重庆作为带动西部地区发展的增长极和国家统筹城乡综合配套改革试验区,迫切需要破解无就业增长难题。本文客观分析了重庆所面临的无就业增长问题,并探索促进重庆经济社会良性发展的思路。     

公共产品含义新探

迄今为止公共产品的界定还处在聚讼不已的状况中。公共产品首先是公共需求决定的产品,而这只有在充分发挥市场的作用后才可以清晰地显示出来。一般认为的非竞争性、非排他性、非分割性都不是公共产品的本质属性,因为一些私人产品的消费也具有这些属性;公共产品没有纯与准之分。公共产品只能从需求的角度来界定,它不等于政府供给的产品、免费产品、公益产品、外部正收益产品。公共产品是消费产权无法界定的产品,这使得分割收费不可能,因而导致市场失灵。     

公共部门协作治理改革的新趋势——以美国国家海洋政策协同框架为例

进入21世纪以来,各国政府都在尝试新的政府管理与治理结构,催生出协同政府、整体政府、协作性政府、网络化政府、电子政府、合作伙伴等跨部门合作模式。美国是这一发展趋势中协作性政府模式的典型代表。本文以美国国家海洋政策为例,介绍了国家海洋政策的组织结构、协同框架、实施工具和运行机制,分析总结了协作治理的条件、原则和工具,以期为国内政府跨部门合作研究提供借鉴。     

日本在缅甸的平衡外交:特点与困境

冷战时期,日本与缅甸建立了特殊的历史友好关系,但在1988年以后双边关系较为冷淡。尽管日本之后一再努力,希望恢复昔日对缅影响与特殊的邦交,但收效甚微。日本在对缅关系上,一方面利用援助制裁实行有限的压力政策,另一方面又保持对缅接触,实行制裁和接触政策之间的中间路线。日本在缅甸问题上表现出的两面性,是其在国内各界分歧、日美基轴外交与亚洲独立外交、国家利益与价值观外交之间相互平衡的结果。     

“欧元乐园”的迷失与重建——兼论对东亚区域货币合作的启示

希腊主权债务危机引发的欧元危机是对欧洲区域经济与货币一体化的一次重大考验,深刻反映了欧洲经货联盟成立以来所出现的两大问题:成员国之间经济的不平衡发展以及联盟合作机制的缺陷。欧元危机给东亚区域货币与金融合作的启示是,在以欧盟货币合作为样板的同时,应着重加强区域内信息共享与政策合作,以清迈倡议(CMI)和清迈倡议多边机制(CMIM)为基础加快东亚货币合作机制建设,完善区域监管体系;同时加强区域内各国汇率合作和资本账户自由化,稳步推进区域金融市场一体化进程,逐步缩小各国之间汇率波动的幅度,以此推进东亚区域经济合作向纵深发展。     

Unsafe sex: do feelings matter?

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among self-efficacy for condom use during distress (SE-Condom Distress), self-efficacy related to general HIV prevention skills (SE-HIV), and HIV risk behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge. Two hundred and twenty two adolescents with psychiatric disorders between 13 and 18 years-old participated. Participants completed measures related to HIV Self-Efficacy, HIV Attitudes, and Sexual Behaviors. Self-efficacy for condom use during distress (SE-Condom Distress) was significantly associated with more HIV protective behaviors. Controlling for observed covariates, SE-Condom Distress was the only variable significantly associated with consistent condom use in a multiple logistic regression (OR=2.43). Self-efficacy regarding condom use during affective arousal is closely associated with HIV-related attitudes and behaviors. Clinicians need to be alert to subtle signs of distress as adolescents contemplate safer sexual behavior.     

Comparative study of electrochromic enhancement of latent fingerprints with existing development techniques

To address the challenge of capturing latent fingerprint evidence from metal surfaces, a new method of latent fingerprint enhancement based on electrochromic polymer films has recently been developed. Here, we present a study comparing the development and visualization of nonvisible fingerprints on stainless steel substrates using this electrochromic enhancement approach with three classical methods (dusting, wet powder, and cyanoacrylate fuming). Two variants of the electrochromic enhancement method were utilized with polyaniline and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) as the electrochromic materials. Fingerprint samples were taken from different donors (varying in age and gender) and were exposed to different environments for systematically varied periods of time (up to 28 days). The environments represent plausible evidential scenarios: left under ambient conditions, washed with aqueous soap solution, washed with acetone, submerged in water, and maintained at elevated temperature. The electrochromic enhancement procedure frequently outperformed the traditional methods, particularly for samples exposed to more challenging histories.     

Society of Hair Testing guidelines for drug testing in hair

The Society of Hair Testing (SoHT) Guidelines for Drug Testing in Hair provide laboratories with recommended best practice guidelines whether they are currently offering drug testing in hair, or plan to offer a hair testing service in the future. The guidelines include reference to recommended sample collection and storage procedures, through sample preparation, pre-treatment and analysis and the use of cut-offs.     

TRICARE; off-label uses of devices; partial list of examples of unproven drugs, devices, medical treatments or procedures. Final rule

The Department of Defense is publishing this final rule to revise the definition of ``unlabeled or off-label drug' to ``off-label use of a drug or device.' This provision codifies the coverage of those medically necessary indications for which there are demonstrations from medical literature, national organizations, or technology assessment bodies that the off-label use is safe and effective and in accordance with nationally accepted standards of practice in the medical community. Additionally, this rule removes the partial list of examples of unproven drugs, devices, and medical treatments or procedures proscribed in TRICARE regulations. We are removing the partial list from the regulation but will maintain the partial list in the TRICARE Policy Manual at www.tricare.mil.