Analysis of sensitivity and specificity: precise recognition of neutrophils during regeneration of contused skeletal muscle in rats

In this report, we applied the TissueFAXS 200 digital pathological analysis system to rapidly and accurately identify neutrophils during regeneration of contused skeletal muscle, and to provide information for follow-up studies on neutrophils to estimate wound age. Rat injury model was established, and skeletal muscle samples were obtained from the control group and contusion groups at 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h, as well as at 1, 3, 5, and 15 d post-injury (n = 5 per group). The expression of nuclei and neutrophils was detected by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. A total of 20 injury site areas of 0.25 mm² (0.5 mm × 0.5 mm) were then randomly selected at all time points. A TissueFAXS 200 digital pathological analysis system was used to identify the positive and negative numbers. Knowledge of five professional medical workers were considered the gold standard to measure the false positive rate (FPR), false negative rate (FNR), sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. As a result, with a staining area of neutrophils from 8 µm² to 15 µm², the FPR was 4.28%–12.14%, the FNR was 12.42%–64.08%, the sensitivity was 35.92%–87.58%, the specificity was 87.86%–95.72%, the Youden index was 0.316–0.754, the accuracy was 82.80%–88.30%, and the AUC was 0.771–0.826. The AUC was largest when the cut-off value of the staining area was 12 µm². Our results show that this software-based method is more accurate than the human eye in evaluating neutrophil infiltration. Based on the sensitivity and specificity, neutrophils can be accurately identified during regeneration of contused skeletal muscle. The TissueFAXS 200 digital pathological analysis system can also be used to optimize conditions for different cell types under various injury conditions to determine the optimal cut-off value of the staining area and provide optimal conditions for further study. Furthermore, it will provide evidence for forensic pathology cases.     

斯里兰卡民族冲突的根源、发展及前景

独立以来,斯里兰卡的民族冲突愈演愈烈,最后竟演变成了旷日持久的内战。而造成此种情况的既有英国殖民统治所留遗产的远因,又有独立后政府政策偏差的近因,还有印度干预的国际原因。经过几十年的冲突和内战,双方均感精疲力衰,却又都无法实现各自的目标。在外界的积极斡旋下,双方终于在2002年签署了永久性停火协议,和平的曙光似已照耀斯里兰卡的大地。然而3年又将过去,真正的和平并未到来,斯里兰卡的民族和平之路充满了太多的不确定因素。     

论反行政性垄断

行政性垄断是我国垄断现象比较严重的市场障碍之一,必须进行规制.而反垄断法规制反行政垄断也出现困境.因此,应当综合利用多种手段对之进行综合治理.包括加快政治体制改革,实现党政分开;加快行政立法,规制行政权力,转变政府职能等.     

加强企业道德建设构建文明和谐企业

企业道德建设的根本使命是提高企业道德素质,塑造企业职工的道德灵魂,它在企业的文明和谐建设中具有重要的规范和引导作用.在构建和谐企业中发挥企业道德的作用,必须加强对企业道德建设的组织领导,充分调动企业员工参与企业道德建设的积极性,积极营造有利于企业道德建设的良好氛围,深入开展群众性的职工道德实践活动,广泛开展以"八荣八耻"为核心的社会主义荣辱观教育,大力倡导并促进员工自我加强道德修养,开展形式多样的道德教育,注意加强企业的道德典章建设,善于从人们的传统习惯入手搞企业道德建设.     

《物权法》事件的宪法解析——以宪法变迁理论为视角

物权法草案对不同主体的物权平等保护是不是违宪是一个争议不断的问题,虽然最终通过的物权法肯认了物权法草案的精神,但是从宪法学理上解释是否违宪至关重要。直面“物权法问题”,我们会发现其与多年前的“良性违宪之争”面临的是同一宪法困惑,而宪法变迁理论能为我们讨论这个问题提供新的视角。     

Knowledge flows from public science to industrial technologies

The Journal of Technology Transfer - Scientific research has been acknowledged as an important knowledge resource for developing technologies. However, little is known about the heterogeneous...     

大数据领域反垄断规制的理论证成与制度构建

随着大数据拓展领域加深,数据带来的市场优势价值凸显出来,企业利用大数据实施垄断行为的可能性也随之增加.在国外,对于大数据领域是否需要反垄断干预的问题仍存在不小的争议.而现实中,企业对大数据的不当利用催生出大数据的反竞争效果,创新需要的呼应与反垄断法规制特点的适配性反映出大数据领域反垄断规制正当性,数据驱动型并购、算法共谋、滥用数据市场支配地位行为的危害,体现出大数据领域反垄断规制的必要性.对此,建议从理念与路径两个层面审视,采取包容审慎态度,坚持鼓励创新、适度干预,对传统反垄断法进行保留与创新,在严厉规制与创新激励之间寻求平衡.     

算法商业秘密与算法正义

算法时代中,"算法黑箱""算法歧视"和"算法茧房"等非正义现象引发了算法规制的需要.但算法商业秘密的存在使算法处于"黑箱"之中,成为算法正义实现的障碍.面对算法商业秘密与算法正义的张力可以从三个角度加以考量:商业秘密的公共利益平衡;算法知情同意权、算法解释权和算法拒绝权等私权制约;算法正当程序.由于对商业秘密的公共利益考量主要局限于维系商业道德和市场秩序,无法实现对算法商业秘密的有效制约.算法私权中基于一般道德和法理的算法拒绝权能够成为制衡算法商业秘密的强理由,同时,算法正义需要建构一种基于过程的,而不是仅基于结果的正当程序观念.     

现代民主宪制理论的两种思想形态——以韦伯与施密特的差异为焦点

韦伯的政治著述是现代政治理论的典范,对当代世界政治和法律理论研究具有划定问题史的意义.施密特脱离韦伯政治理论的体系与前提,极端化地推演了韦伯的决断主义与克里斯玛型领袖民主等范畴,为纳粹极权体制的极端价值相对主义进行辩护,与韦伯政治著述的根本价值关切严重对立.哈贝马斯既反思了韦伯民主理论的规范性真空这一缺陷,又继承了韦伯对现代性与理性化铁笼困境的诊断,致力于批判与根除纳粹德国非理性思想传统的影响,并以商谈理论重构了自由、民主和法治的规范性基础,为填补韦伯的规范性真空作出了贡献.以哈贝马斯提出的思想史问题为切入点,阐释韦伯民主理论的总体问题意识与内在价值链条,分析施密特与韦伯理论的外在联系与根本差异,能清晰呈现关于现代民主的经典思想形态及其内在张力.     

坑园镇产业结构调整的新举措

连江坑园镇产业结构调整应从以下几个方面入手 :要转变观念 ;要立足市场 ;要依靠科技 ;要突出重点 ;要重视政府引导。