WTO蓝色条款的未来趋势及我国的相关对策

蓝色条款是现今发达国家与发展中国家在世贸组织内争论最激烈的议题之一 ,其主要涉及劳动法基本原则和劳动基本条件两方面的标准 ,现行世界贸易组织规则对劳工问题远未构成有效的纪律约束。未来蓝色条款问题的趋势很有可能成为新一轮多边贸易谈判的焦点问题而进入世贸组织领域。发展中国家解决劳工问题的关键在于团结一致 ,在劳工标准的内容和实施方式上据理力争 ,争取有利于自己的制度安排。中国必须未雨绸缪 ,对此尽早采取各种对策 ,争取在未来的谈判中占据更主动、更有利的地位。     

大学生网上交友态度与现实交往困难的调查分析

一、前言 面对市场经济的冲击和网络时代的发展,当今大学校园已经不再是单纯的"象牙塔".在校园这个小社会中,各种矛盾纷拥而至,不少大学生体验到了前所未有的困惑和心理冲突.特别是在人际交往关系的处理和把握上,许多大学生出现了过分依赖网上交友却不会处理现实中的人际关系的倾向.     

Heat stroke deaths caused by electric blankets: case report and review of the literature

Heat stroke is the most serious and potentially life-threatening condition of the heat-related illnesses. Heat stroke deaths caused by electric blanket are rarely reported. In this paper, we report 2 cases of fatal heat stroke caused by overheating from electric blankets in winter. One was a 41-year-old man who was found unresponsive in bed on an electric blanket. His wife shared the same bed with him and was found unconscious. The wife's axillary temperature was 40 degrees C (104 degrees C) when she was admitted to the hospital. She fully recovered after medical treatment. The husband was pronounced dead at scene, with rectal temperature at 41.2 degrees C (106.2 degrees C). The other was a 13-year-old girl who was found dead in bed on an electric blanket, with rectal temperature at 41 degrees C (105.8 degrees F). The literature is reviewed, and the pertinent findings, including scene investigations, postmortem examination, the risk and mechanism of fatal heat stroke caused by using electric blanket, are discussed.     

论抗战时期桂林人口伤亡

日军的侵略给桂林带来了巨大的灾难。整个抗战时期,有确凿数据或事实作为依据的官兵阵亡人数 为6729人。根据战争损失专家提出的比例(即负伤与死亡的比例约为2:1)计算,则抗战中桂林籍伤亡的官兵和在 桂林伤亡的其他省籍官兵的人数约为20000人左右。而民众死亡的数量根据人口的发展情况判断应在《广西年鉴》 所记载的数字的基础上再加上1万人,即约为3万人。     

浅议现行宪法第四次修正案

我国现行宪法是1982年12月4日颁布的,虽然经历了三次修正案的修正补充,但在内容上仍然存在着不足。2004年3月,全体人大代表表决高票通过了第四次宪法修正案。本次修正案的两个亮点是:将“三个代表”写入宪法;首次对人权加以规定。另外,本次修宪不仅像前三次修正案那样对经济领域有所修正,还对国家形式及国家机关等多方面加以修改,突出了依宪治国的精神。     

设立“二元化”陪审制的思考

陪审制度自清末移植到我国后,历经沉浮.在司法独立和司法民主等方面发挥了其基本功能,实现一种混合的正义,但是在许多方面也体现出许多不足.在审判方式日益改革的今天,我国应当借鉴英美陪审制的合理因素,建立"二元化"的新型陪审制.     

女大学生恋爱问题探析

随着社会经济的迅猛发展和各种思潮的不断涌现,大学生作为高等教育的主体,他们的恋爱、婚姻问题逐渐成为高校人才培养和大学生思想政治教育的重要内容.针对女大学生这一相对特殊的群体,根据理论联系实际的原则,运用调查问卷和分析综合方法,研究了她们的恋爱观和恋爱心理,主张维护女大学生的相应权益,并通过社会、学校和家庭的共同作用,正确地引导女大学生的恋爱心理和行为向健康方向发展.     

激励机制：防止党员干部精神懈怠的路径选择

当前党员干部中存在的“精神懈怠”现象表现出根源性、隐蔽性、传染性和差异性特征,严重影响了党员干部的思想观念、工作作风及工作能力。精神懈怠现象产生的原因是多方面的,必须多策并举、辨证施治。根据组织行为学的“激励”理论,完善党员干部工作中的激励机制将是一条行之有效的治理举措。具体地说,应以内激励增动力,通过理论创新、教育灌输和文化熏陶等,建构共产党人先进的精神、理想和信仰体系,培育并形成自强不息、昂扬向上的精神动力,促使党员干部不想懈怠;以外激励加推力,通过制度保障、群众参与和科技推动等,形成激励与约束共存、管理与监督并重的良性环境,促使党员干部不能懈怠;以正激励添引力,顺应人的正当的精神和物质需求,采取满足、促进和奖励措施,促使党员干部不愿懈怠;以负激励增压力,通过严格问责、严肃惩戒,形成对党员干部潜在惰性的强大威慑,促使党员干部不敢懈怠。     

Homicide due to intravenous metallic mercury injection followed by sodium cyanide injection

We report a case of homicide due to intravenous mercury injection followed by meperidine and sodium cyanide injection. A 35-year-old woman was found dead in bed at home by her husband. Reportedly, she had been sick for more than 5 months. Initial death investigation revealed no evidence of foul play. Her death was believed to be natural. Therefore, her body was buried without an autopsy. Two months after death, her family requested an autopsy because they suspected her physician husband killed her. Her body was exhumed, and an autopsy was performed. Postmortem examination revealed numerous metallic mercury globules in the pulmonary arteries. Toxicological analysis revealed a high concentration of mercury in the tissue samples of the lungs, liver, heart, and kidney. In addition, cyanide and meperidine were also found in the heart and liver. The detailed case history and postmortem examination findings are described.     

Predicting the Risk of Intimate Partner Violence: The Chinese Risk Assessment Tool for Victims

The present study reports the development and validation of the Chinese Risk Assessment Tool for Victims (CRAT-V), an actuarial instrument for the prediction of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization in a Chinese population. Data were collected from a representative sample of 2,708 Chinese women who were married or cohabiting in Hong Kong. All participants were interviewed with a questionnaire assessing their experience of IPV victimization and personal or family factors related to IPV. As measured by the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS 2), the base rates of preceding-year physical and sexual IPV victimization were 4.6 % and 3.6 %, respectively. Using a cross-validation procedure, the present study developed a 5-factor instrument with one half of the randomly split sample and validated the resulting tool with the other half. The CRAT-V had a sensitivity of 74.0 %, a specificity of 68.3 %, an overall accuracy of 68.7 %, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.75 when administered on the second half of sample. Overall, the CRAT-V may serve as a straightforward, systematic, and easy-to-administer instrument tailor-made for Chinese populations for the assessment of risk of IPV victimization against women.