韩国、日本社会保障发展历程中的制度安排与变迁

一、制度安排与变迁内生变量:制度需求1.现代社会对社会保障制度的天然需求制度是一个社会博弈规则,更正式地说是人们制定的规范人们相互关系的约束条件,是达到某种均衡的机制。青木昌彦认为制度可以概括为一种博弈均衡,是有限理性和具有反思能力的个体构成的社会长期经验的产物。制度安排是管束特定行动模型和关系的一套行为规则,社会保障制度通常被认为是正式的制度安排。任何制度安排经济和安全两个基本目的。因此制度可以设计成人类对付不确定性和增加个人效用的手段。在现代社会里,由于失业、贫困、疾病等社会与自然风险因素的存在与恶…     

对机构投资者传统功能的质疑

中国的机构投资者着眼于基金的发展 ,国务院证券委员会在 1 997年 1 1月 1 4日颁布了《证券投资基金管理办法》,中国证监会则将超常规、创造性的培育和发展机构投资者作为推进中国证券市场发展的重要政策手段。然而本来被赋予特殊政府资源的证券投资基金行为异化 ,甚至接连爆发出来“基金黑幕”,其羊群行为及市场流动性失败在一定程度上加剧了股价波动性。传统上认为基金稳定市场 ,专家理财 ,分散投资风险的特点在中国的资本市场上没有得到展现     

The differential experience of Mozambican refugee women and men

This study examines differences in Mozambicans mens' and womens' experiences of living in refugee camps in Malawi late in 1990. The aim is to identify the differences in impact by gender in assistance policies and programs. In early 1991 there were an estimated 1 million Mozambican refugees in Malawi. This study is based on quantitative and qualitative data collection. The study sample included Chiumbangame and Mwawa in Mangochi District (refugee camps) and Ntcheu (settlements integrated with Malawi's population). Findings indicate that 17% of the 2006-person sample were female-headed households. Men in general had more years of schooling than women. 34% of the women and 47% of men completed at least 1 year of school and 10% of women and 24% of men completed 2 years. At all ages boys were more likely to be enrolled than girls. 4.1% of the 847 persons over 18 years old were receiving some training, but only 1 person had increased household income due to training. Refugee income was nil for women and about 20 cents/day for men. The mean daily income for individuals from female headed households was about half that of income from male headed households. Women were more likely to be working and spent more time in productive work than men. Women worked in household maintenance. Women in income programs gave housework chores to younger females in the household. The income programs were of low quality and products had low marketability. Girls helped with housework from an early age, while boys helped as teenagers. 44.2% of female headed households and 34.9% of members of male headed households reported health problems. This study identifies the ways in which refugee policy worsens gender inequalities in economic production and work burden.     

女性学专业"性别与法律"课程教学探索

"性别与法律"是女性学专业开设的法学类特色课程,它属于主题性课程或领域性课程、视角或方法性课程,具有批判与建构并重的特征,且研讨性教学应占较大比重;它在内容编排上应分为导论、总论以及分论等3个部分,后者宜按中国特色社会主义法律体系组成划分为若干讲.目前该课程存在难度大、无合适教材和对教师要求高等问题,据此可运用电影教学、文献阅读、性别平衡和研讨方法,以此激发学生积极性、培养其能力并最终提升教学效果.     

福建省网络文化建设与管理现状综述

党的十七届六中全会以来,福建省进一步加强了网络文化的建设与管理,大力推进网络文化的蓬勃发展,网络文化产品和服务日益丰富,网络文化管理体系不断完善,网络文化的吸引力、影响力进一步增强,在推动福建省经济社会发展的进程中发挥了积极作用。本文主要从网络基础设施建设、网络文化平台建设、网络文化产业建设、网络文化管理建设和网络信息安全建设等五个方面对福建省网络文化的建设和发展现状进行研究,并简要分析其中存在的问题,以此为加强网络文化建设和管理对策的制定提供参考。     

自然文化化解文明冲突的功能浅析——以广西桂林临桂·2011国际湿地文化节为例

桂林临桂湿地文化属自然文化。自然文化是非物质文化的一种。利用好、发展好自然文化有利于推动社会文化的发展。对特定自然文化现象的内涵进行顺应时代要求的规定有利于不同文明之间的对话,利用好自然文化对文明冲突的化解,有利于构建和谐社会、和谐世界。     

现代秘书能力结构AHP评价模型的实证研究

从模型分析得出,基础能力、一般能力、特殊能力比较中,学生的基础能力最重要,是专家、用人单位最看重的,同时,秘书的操作能力被认为是秘书人员最重要的能力,校外实习对学生的各方面能力,特别是操作能力、表达能力锻炼最佳。     

Whack-a-Mole or Coup de Grace? Institutionalization and Leadership Targeting in Iraq and Afghanistan

Targeting the leadership of terrorist and insurgent groups has become a major component of US strategy since the attacks of September 11, 2001. Despite attracting modest scholarly attention, the conditions that increase or decrease the efficacy of leadership targeting remain unclear. A major limitation of current scholarly work is the lack of exploration of the internal organization of these groups and the relationship of that organization to leadership targeting effects. A close examination of leadership targeting of armed groups in Iraq and Afghanistan reveals that leadership targeting is highly effective against groups that are poorly institutionalized but has limited effects against well-institutionalized groups. This suggests that the level of resources devoted to leadership targeting should be inversely proportional to the level of institutionalization of the target.     

改革开放以来中国特色社会主义事业总体布局综述

对中国特色社会主义事业的总体布局的认识,经历了从"两手抓,两手都要硬"的两位一体,到经济建设、政治建设、文化建设三位一体,到经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设四位一体,再到经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设五位一体的演进过程。     

问题式教学之“问题”与展开讨论

问题式教学有利于实现学习者主动性与客体性、能动性与受动性、独立性与依赖性的统一,代表了现代教学模式的发展方向.在问题式教学中“问题”居于十分重要的地位,在“问题”的设置上应注意问题的启发性和适应性等.在问题式教学的展开中应运用科学的方法,采用自主——合作循环学习、合作——探究学习、小组合作——活动学习等策略.