修复性司法理论与检察工作实践——以构建和谐社会为视角

修复性司法（Restorative jusfice）理论的提出及实践,虽然不过三十年,却以其崭新的法治理念和创新的司法模式,赢得了世界各国的广泛关注。与传统的报应性司法或者矫正性司法相对应,修复性司法更加注重保护被害人的合法权益,更加强调当事人与社区的参与,更加强调社区及人际关系的和谐。该理论对于修正传统型司法的弊端,顺应和谐型社会的要求,具有很强的现实意义。借鉴和吸纳修复性司法的合理内核,反思和矫正传统型司法在实践中的不足,全面推进检察工作的科学发展,是当前检察理论研究工作面临的一个重大课题。     

国家理性、跨机构政治、社会力量与对象特征——美国介入香港事务的原因分析

1997年香港回归后,美国全面取代英国,深入介入香港事务。美国介入香港事务既有维护美国在香港政治经济利益的理性考虑,也有美国国会的强力推动。同时,美国国内涉港活动的各种社会力量在美国介入香港的行动中也具有不可忽视的作用。另外,作为美国的介入对象,香港自身所具有的国际政治经济二元特征和港人身份与政治的二元认同特征也使美国尽力渗入香港内部扶持香港反对派。以上四种视角比较全面地探悉了美国介入香港事务的多重因素。     

论国际法与国内法的辨证关系

国际法与国内法的关系问题是国际法的一个基本理论问题,其实质是国内法在国际交往关系中占居何种地位以及国家如何在国内执行国际法。本文在回顾国际法与国内法关系的有关理论的基础上,论述了国际法与国内法的本质区别和相互联系,较客观地揭示了国际法与国内法的辩证关系。     

从亚努科维奇复出透视乌克兰"颜色政治"

今年8月3日,乌克兰总统尤先科提名亚努科维奇担任总理;4日,乌克兰最高苏维埃(议会)予以批准,持续数月的政治僵局随之暂时得以化解.两年前,惊心动魄的"橙色革命"让亚氏梦寐以求的乌克兰总统宝座"竟得而终失";两年后,各色政党争相亮相的议会选举,几经周折,又使他执着追求的总理职位"竟失而终得".     

Understanding the changing role of public sector performance measurement in less developed countries

This article develops a framework for understanding changes in the demand for and supply of performance information in public sector organizations in less developed countries (LDCs). New Institutional Sociology (NIS) is used to argue that pressures from specific stakeholders stimulate organizations to produce particular performance information. The article distinguishes three groups of stakeholders (i.e. funding bodies, statutory boards and purchasers), and elaborates on the performance dimensions these stakeholders are interested in. The group of funding bodies, with their interest in financial performance information, used to be the most important group of stakeholders. However, statutory boards and purchasers are gaining importance as a result of recent public sector reforms, which include decentralization, marketization and the implementation of anti‐corruption programs. As a consequence of pressures coming from these stakeholders, new performance dimensions, such as the quality and quantity of services and the political governance structure, will be added to organizations' performance measurement (PM) systems. Whether these and other—often more traditional financial—performance dimensions will be balanced and integrated throughout organizations depends on the power positions of the various stakeholders. The arguments presented in this article intend to stimulate public sector organizations in LDCs to design and redesign PM systems as a response to changing stakeholder interests. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Explaining the UCR-NCVS Convergence: a Time Series Analysis

The study intends to explain the convergence of the UCR and NCVS data series (1973–2008). Hypothesized explanatory variables include increased police productivity, change in people’s attitudes toward crime and the police, demographic changes, changes in the measurements used in data collections, and the advancement of telecommunication tools. The time series models with relevant predictor variables are estimated to explain the convergence of the two crime data series in five different crime categories. The results show that an increase in the total number of employees in the police, changes in measurements, especially the methodological changes adopted in the victimization survey in 1992, and changing attitudes toward crime and the police affect the relationship between the two crime data series and may have helped the convergence of the two. We argue that (1) the convergence of the two crime data series is not a mere convergence of methodological inadequacies resulting from the declining quality of the victimization survey and (2) all the predictor variables only partially affect the convergence of the two crime data series. Methodological limitations of this study are also addressed.     

山羊背根神经节神经细胞的原代培养及鉴定

从胎龄3个月左右的山羊胚胎中分离出背根神经节,采用组织块培养法,利用血清培养和无血清培养,并在非神经细胞抑制剂作用的条件下,观察了山羊背根神经节神经细胞在体外的生长状况,采用免疫荧光和RT-PCR技术对神经细胞表面标志神经元特异性磷酸化酶(NSE)进行了鉴定。结果显示,接种48h后的细胞从组织中迁出,并长出突起,经阿糖胞苷作用后,神经细胞与非神经细胞分层;经免疫荧光鉴定,上层细胞为神经细胞。随着时间的增加,神经细胞突起延长并交错成网状,至第6～10天神经细胞形态最为成熟饱满,随后逐渐出现细胞老化,神经细胞最长可生存32d。表明本试验成功分离培养得到了山羊背根神经节神经细胞。     

刑法第306条存与废:倾听法律职业人的声音

刑法第306条(又称律师伪证罪)从其诞生之日起就面临着当存还是当废的巨大争议,这些争议或来自学理或来自实践中的相关利益群体。2009年底至2010年初的李庄案再次使得这一争论从幕后转至台前。通过考察法律职业人对第306条的真实态度,可以深入地发掘争议背后的社会因素:即司法机关观念上的误区;诉讼结构的不合理;追诉程序上的瑕疵,从而从实体和程序上为刑法第306条的未来寻求一条理性的出路———存而慎用。     

Who are Chinese Citizens? A Legislative Language Inquiry

By exploring the meaning construction of Chinese citizenship stipulated in Chinese legislation and its interaction with social identities and human nature in the Chinese society, the present study investigates the nature and evolution of the conception of Chinese citizens through three selected cases from Chinese legislations, which illuminate that Chinese citizens are essentially persons with independent personalities defined by the rights and obligations stipulated in legislation. This conception is further strengthened by the entitlement to private properties and equality before law. This conception of Chinese citizenship is concrete and meaningful in the sense that it is underpinned with reference to social identities as person, people and personality in Chinese legislations. The reference of the conception to human being constitutes the essence of Chinese legislation. The meaning construction of Chinese citizenship is indeed a dynamic process engineered in the social and cultural process. The findings on the evolution of the construction of Chinese citizenship in Chinese legislation suggest that the formation of legal identity through legislation varies greatly in different countries. Nevertheless, the realization of the conception of citizenship will necessarily be backed up by social identities as person, people and personality, which will be further strengthened and expanded by the legitimating of private properties and equality before law. Citizenship is achieved by social participants through mediation engineered within the social and cultural process.     

发达国家政府绩效评估经验对我国的启示

随着我国政治体制改革的不断深化,政府绩效评估作为行政管理制度的有效工具,必须以公务员绩效考核制度为基础。本文结合西方发达国家政府绩效评估的实践及其经验,分析了目前我国政府绩效评估的不足及其成因。认为,公务员是创造政府绩效的重要载体,公务员考核制度的完善是政府绩效评估得以顺利开展的前提。因此,提高公务员队伍整体素质是我国政府绩效评估工作中一个亟待解决的问题。