Stigma,Discrimination, and Hate Crimes in Chinese-Speaking World amid Covid-19 Pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic has given rise to stigma, discrimination, and even hate crimes against various populations in the Chinese language–speaking world. Using interview data with victims, online observation, and the data mining of media reports, this paper investigated the changing targets of stigma from the outbreak of Covid-19 to early April 2020 when China had largely contained the first wave of Covid-19 within its border. We found that at the early stage of the pandemic, stigma was inflicted by some non-Hubei Chinese population onto Wuhan and Hubei residents, by some Hong Kong and Taiwan residents onto mainland Chinese, and by some Westerners towards overseas Chinese. With the number of cases outside China surpassing that in China, stigmatization was imposed by some Chinese onto Africans in China. We further explore how various factors, such as the fear of infection, food and mask culture, political ideology, and racism, affected the stigmatization of different victim groups. This study not only improved our understanding of how stigmatization happened in the Chinese-speaking world amid Covid-19 but also contributes to the literature of how sociopolitical factors may affect the production of hate crimes.

     

颠覆古典的菲利

恩里科·菲利在<实证派犯罪学>中对诸多问题进行了研究,提出了相应的对策,对于我们了解犯罪学、制定刑事政策具有重要的意义.     

不同死因大鼠死后不同时间红细胞溶血速度比较

目的观察不同死亡原因大鼠尸体血液中红细胞溶血速度的变化规律,为死亡原因的法医学推断提供新思路。方法 40只SD大鼠随机分为4组,分别以断髓、置于99%CO的空间、高坠、勒颈方式处死后,取各组大鼠右心室血液,于死后即刻（0h）、8h、16h、24h、32h、40h、48h、56h、64h、72h,采用显微镜数码图像法进行全血红细胞计数（CBC）,并对组内和组间数据进行统计学比较分析。结果 4组血液红细胞数量在死后即刻至72h期间,均随时间的延长因溶血而减少。其中0~16h,各组溶血速度无明显差异（P〉0.05）;16~48h,速度加快,溶血速度以CO中毒组（88.50±25.99）%最快,其次为高坠（69.33±29.52）%和断髓组（48.78±3.17）%,机械性窒息组（41.90±9.61）%最慢,组间比较具有显著性差异（P〈0.05）;56h后,溶血速度再次减慢,至72h机械性窒息组仍有少量红细胞存在。结论 4组不同死因大鼠死后不同时间红细胞计数均减少,各组间差异具有统计学意义,其变化特征可为死亡原因的推断提供新的思路。     

mRNA和microRNA在机械性窒息死推断中的研究进展

机械性窒息死的推断是法医学鉴定的难点之一。利用实时荧光定量PCR（fluorogenic quantitative RT-PCR,RT-qPCR）技术检测RNA表达水平变化规律,并据之推测机械性窒息死亡的原因,近年来已成为研究热点。本文对mRNA和microRNA（miRNA或miR）在机械性窒息死推断的研究文献进行复习综述,并重点探讨miRNA在该类死因推断中的应用,以期为机械性窒息死推断提供新的思路。     

论行政合同之功能与救济

行政合同兼有行政性与合意性的特征,其拓展了行政管理手段,有利于更好地实现行政目的及保护行政相对人的权利,具有控制行政权力、减少和避免行政纠纷的功能.因此,行政合同既要适用行政法,又要适用民法.大陆法系与英美法系国家对行政合同适用不同的救济方式.在我国,行政诉讼救济途径是行政合同救济的必由之路.     

橘朴的“满洲国”“农民自治”论

在伪满“建国精神的设计者”橘朴的“王道政治”理念中,“农民自治”是其核心内容,是其设计的“满洲国”作为“东洋”农业国家发展的独特道路。橘朴的“满洲国”“农民自治”论的产生,源于其对资本主义前途失望而产生的对第三条道路的追寻理想,是站在对中国社会深刻认知的基础上,糅合日本国内“大亚细亚主义”、农本法西斯主义等思想的产物。其理论中虽然包含一定的理想主义,但主要牵绊着日本侵略者利益的算计,同时缺乏精准的设计和明晰的实现路径,因此,不仅是无法实现的乌托邦,而且最终成为为日本侵略者服务的理论之一。     

Public Administration Education in South Korea: Developed but Still Evolving

Korean public administration (PA) education has developed substantially since the Second World War in both quantitative and qualitative dimensions, but there is still a considerable way to go with further development. Korean PA education was heavily influenced by the United States for many years, but Korea’s interaction with other parts of the world was relatively limited. This article deals with the following three issues of Korean PA education. First, a historical background of the development of PA as a discipline will be briefly reviewed to provide a comparative sense, followed by an overview of the development of PA education in Korea. After that, the current status of Korean PA education will be examined based on aggregate data, followed by an assessment of the impacts of New Public Management and globalization.     

近二十年来关于“警察权益”的研究综述

＂警察权益＂问题在20世纪90年代初学界就开始探讨,随着＂袭警＂事件的不断增多,90年代末这一问题渐成为学术热点。把近二十年来的研究成果作了仔细梳理,从＂警察权益＂的概念分析、警察权的权变、警察权益受到侵害的原因、警察权益保护的措施等四方面对学界的观点作了概述。     

Neoconservatism,US–China conflict,and Australia's ‘great and powerful friends’ dilemma

Abstract

Following its time-honoured ‘great and powerful friends’ foreign policy tradition, Australia has been cultivating close ties simultaneously with the United States and China. Yet, as a rivalry between the two powers apparently looms large, Australia faces an acute dilemma. While the rise of China and the question of Taiwan are often cited as main causes of US–China discord, this article argues that the American neoconservative policy on China, underpinned by a belief in both military strength and moral clarity, is integral to this growing competition and is, by extension, partly responsible for the emergence of Australia's predicament. To avoid such a difficult choice, the article suggests that Australia should strive to curb the policy influence of neoconservatism both in the United States and at home by pursuing a more independent foreign policy, making clear its strategic postures on US–China relations, and helping establish a trilateral strategic forum between Australia, the United States, and China.     

Asia 1型口蹄疫病毒多抗原表位真核表达质粒的构建及表达

为了构建Asia 1型口蹄疫病毒多抗原表位真核表达质粒,采用多表位基因串联策略,合成包括口蹄疫病毒T细胞和B细胞表位基因的基因片段F,该基因片段由结构蛋白VP1上的2个B细胞表位(VP1135-159aa、VP1194-211aa)基因、非结构蛋白3A和3D上的T细胞表位(3A21-35aa、3D795-803aa)基因组成。利用限制性内切酶HindⅢ、XbaⅠ将基因片段F克隆至真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)。经酶切鉴定、序列分析正确后,利用LipofectamineTM2000将阳性重组质粒pc-F转染至BHK-21细胞。Western-blot和IFA分析结果显示,所表达的蛋白大小约25.4ku,能够与Asia 1型口蹄疫病毒标准兔抗血清发生特异性反应,证实所表达的蛋白具有较好的反应原性。结果表明,Asia 1型口蹄疫病毒多抗原表位真核表达质粒pc-F构建成功,且能在BHK-21细胞中正确表达。